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At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

[Definition, classification and combined treatment of locally invasive rectal neoplasms].

From analysis of 490 case records of patients with stage IV A rectal carcinoma, 3 groups of patients were distinguished according to the size of the tumor and the degree of its fixation to the surrounding tissues and growth into the adjacent organs. Such locally spread tumors of the rectum must be subjected to combined treatment: preoperative large-fractional radiotherapy in concurrent local SHF-hyperthermia followed by operation 24-48 hours later. If resectability of the tumor is doubtful, a relieving colostoma is formed in the first stage and distance gammatherapy is applied in a dose of 4 Gy twice a week to a total dose of 32 Gy auring medication with metronidazole and local SHF-therapy. Concurrent intraarterial chemotherapy with 5-fluorouracil (15 mg/kg body weight) has been lately introduced into practice in the treatment of such patients. The results of this complex treatment are evaluated 3-4 weeks after the course is completed.

Combined Modality Therapy↗
PubMed1989

[CT in the follow-up of rectal neoplasms].

CT-scans were performed in the follow-up of 124 patients surgically treated for rectal carcinoma. CT allowed direct visualization of possible local recurrences and infiltration of neighbouring structures chiefly muscles and bones; it can also prove post surgical abscesses, metastatic spreads to lymph nodes and other structures such as liver, lung and bones; many of these lesions cannot so quickly and safely be demonstrated by other investigations. CT is also very helpful in radiation therapy planning. A CT guided percutaneous fine-needle aspiration biopsy can discriminate post surgical fibrosis from initial recurrences.

Biopsy, Needle↗
PubMed2004

Microsatellite instability is a rare finding in tumors of patients with both primary renal and rectal neoplasms.

Multiple primary malignancies in an individual patient are thought to be a common feature of hereditary disease. Asymptomatic renal neoplasms have been described in up to 4% of rectal cancer patients. We have assessed whether microsatellite instability is present in the rectal and renal tumors of patients presenting at our institution with primary renal and rectal cancers. Of the seven patients presenting with both diagnoses, paraffin blocks were available from five cases of colorectal cancer and six renal neoplasms. Five of six cases of renal tumors were informative and all were microsatellite instability (MSI) stable. One renal tumor was deemed inconclusive because of inadequate amplification. Four of five cases of rectal cancer were MSI stable. These data suggest that these renal and rectal tumors developed independently of a mismatch repair defect and that, unlike epithelial tumors of the renal collecting system, renal parenchymal lesions are unlikely to be part of the spectrum of hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer.

Genetic Markers↗
PubMed2000

Transanal endoscopic microsurgery: experience with 75 rectal neoplasms.

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to describe a single institution's experience with transanal endoscopic microsurgery in patients with benign and malignant rectal tumors. PATIENTS: Between January 1992 and April 1998, 75 patients with a mean follow up of 38 months, underwent transanal endoscopic microsurgery excision of benign (46) or malignant (29) rectal tumors, located 3 to 18 cm from the dentate line. RESULTS: A total of 3 of 46 (6.5 percent) patients with benign tumors underwent conversion to radical surgery owing to tumor size. During the follow-up period, benign tumor recurrence was observed in four (9 percent) patients, three of whom were managed by repeat transanal endoscopic microsurgery, whereas one required radical surgery. Histologic staging of malignant tumors was T1 (10), T2 (10), and T3 (9). Seven patients with either inadequate resection margins or T3 tumors were complimented with radical surgery. Of the remaining 22 patients, 11 received adjuvant radiation therapy whereas 11 had no further treatment. Four (18 percent) had recurrent disease, which was managed by repeat transanal endoscopic microsurgery in two, radical surgery in one, and laser ablation in one. No cancer-related deaths were observed during the follow-up period. There was one operative mortality in a cardiac-crippled patient. Postoperative complications were mainly of a minor character and included fever, urinary retention, and bleeding; none of which required reintervention. Rectourethral fistula developed in one patient who underwent repeat transanal endoscopic microsurgery excision for a T3 malignancy. Fecal soiling was transient in three patients and persisted in two. CONCLUSION: Transanal endoscopic microsurgery excision is a safe and precise technique that is well tolerated even in high operative risk patients. Transanal endoscopic microsurgery may become a procedure of choice for benign rectal tumors and selected early malignant neoplasms.

Adenocarcinoma↗