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Results for “SEX CHROMATIN”

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At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

Nuclear area and sex chromatin frequency in oral mucosa and hair root sheats of human females.

In 36 oral mucosa and in 25 hair root sheath slides nuclear area was measured in about 100 nuclei per slide. Within one slide no differences were found in nuclear area between nuclei with or without sex chromatin, or with a non-peripheral sex chromatin. No correlation was found between nuclear area and sex chromatin frequency, except for a weakly significant negative correlation between nuclear area and those nuclei without either peripheral or non-peripheral sex chromatin.

Adult↗
PubMed1973

Variable sex chromatin pattern in an early carcinoma of the bladder.

Sex chromatin studies on squash preparations of a well differentiated transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder without evidence of invasion from a female aged 63 revealed a single body in some regions, but two to four bodies in others. All regions were near diploid according to DNA estimations. Previous observations on a variety of invasive tumours of females showed that the presence of more than one sex chromatin body is generally associated with a high chromosome number. The pattern of two or more bodies in near-diploid cells seen in this non-invasive tumour may therefore characterize an intermediate stage of clonal evolution, eventually resulting in malignancy, when the cell line has not yet achieved the ability to invade or metastasize.

Carcinoma, Transitional Cell↗
PubMed1991

Isolation of tooth pulp cells for sex chromatin studies in experimental dehydrated and cremated remains.

In experiments designed to assess sex chromatin in artificially mummified and heated pulp tissue, a method was devised that successfully separates cells while minimizing nuclear damage. Sex chromatin (both Barr bodies and F-bodies) is shown to preserve in dehydrated human pulps up to one year. Human pulp tissue retains sex diagnostic characteristics when heated to 100 degrees C for up to 1 h. Parallel experiments on extracted teeth from young pigs reveals comparable tissue preservation. Heat penetration is retarded, however, in unextracted pig teeth in fleshed jaws such that temperatures could be raised to 300 degrees C for longer than 1 h. Heat penetration into fleshed material was further tested by the insertion of thermocouple probes to assess the temperature attained within the pulp chamber. At chamber temperatures up to 75 degrees C sex diagnosis in human pulps from extracted teeth was still possible. In outdoor incineration of fleshed pigs' heads in an open fire, 75 degrees C in the pulp chamber was reached at a fire temperature within the range 500-700 degrees C. The implications of these findings for forensic situations are described.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Prognosis and incidence of sex chromatin in breast cancer. A preliminary report.

Results of two studies, based on a total of 126 patients (prospective--76 cases and retrospective--50 cases), on the incidence of the sex chromatin in the cancerous tissue are presented. For evaluation of prognosis in the retrospective study with a five year follow up, sex chromatin incidence was correlated with other prognositc factors such as lymph node metastasis, the disease free interval of distant metastasis and the size of the tumor. Whereas positive significant correlation between sex chromatin incidence and a five year survival time or disease free interval of distant metastasis was observed, no correlation was seen between sex chromatin counts and lymph node metastasis or the size of the tumor.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Topography of the sex chromatin in vaginal histiocytes.

Routine vaginal smears with good numbers of histiocytes with kidney shaped morphology of their nuclei were selected for the study of sex chromatin topography. A variable distribution of the sex chromatin was found in 125 nuclei studied: polar in 57.4 percent, ventral in 21.9 percent and dorsal in 20.7 percent of the nuclei. No relationship was found between sex chromatin and cytoplasmic morphology and phagocytic activity.

Cell Nucleus↗
PubMed1980

Evaluation of growth rate of human transitional cell tumors according to sex chromatin (Barr bodies) content.

In 53 women with urothelial tumors of the bladder, renal pelvis and ureter of different in growth stages and grades of differentiation, a negative correlation among the value of the mitotic index and sex chromatin content was found. With a decrease in the number of nuclei containing sex chromatin bodies we have noted not only a proportional mitotic index increase but also a regular connected decrease of histological differentiation and a deeper invasion of the tumor. The significance of this simple test consists in the fact that one may judge the rate of tumor growth by the sex chromatin content in a small volume of biopsy material. A table of mitotic index values depending upon the quantity of nuclei with sex chromatin bodies in transitional cell tumors is presented.

Carcinoma, Transitional Cell↗
PubMed1978

[Sex chromatin and glucocorticoid hormone metabolism in breast cancer patients].

Somatic sex chromatin of blood neutrophyls and the metabolism of glucocorticoid hormones were studied in 20 female patients with the intact ovarian function suffering breast cancer of stage III and in 20 healthy females of the same age. A reliable decrease was found in the number of type A and B processes compared with the control group. The same patients showed the increased nonconjugated 17-OCS in the urine, a decrease in the reduced forms of THF and THE hormones and rising of the cortisol and cortisone level. Breast cancer patients show a higher level of biologically active hormones (cortisol and cortisone), which are likely to influence the amount of somatic sex chromatin under this affection.

Adrenal Cortex↗
PubMed1986

The use and misuse of sex chromatin screening for 'gender identification' of female athletes.

According to the rules of sports organizations such as the International Olympic Committee, competitors registered as females must undergo a "gender verification" test that consists of screening with sex chromatin, followed by further tests in those with an abnormal or inconclusive result. The aims of the gender verification test have not been published but presumably they are to exclude from women's sports events males or other individuals whose muscle strength or body build gives them an unfair advantage over their competitors. It is shown herein that the sex chromatin screening method reveals only a small proportion of such individuals. Moreover, women with certain congenital chromosome abnormalities and other abnormal conditions without increased muscle strength are found to have "abnormal" sex chromatin. Thus, the present screening method is both inaccurate and discriminatory. It is proposed that the aims of gender identification should be defined and methods chosen that achieve the desired result.

Doping in Sports↗