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Results for “STAPHYLOCOCCAL INFECTIONS, GASTROINTESTINAL”

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At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed2006

Persistent Staphylococcus capitis septicemia in a preterm infant.

A preterm infant had persistent Staphylococcus capitis septicemia with 11 consecutive positive blood cultures over a period of 33 days. The clinical evidence suggested that the source of infection probably originated from the gastrointestinal tract. The combination of rifampin and linezolid treatment, together with prolonged stoppage of enteral feeding, successfully terminated the infection. Rifampin and linezolid should be considered as alternative antimicrobial agents when glycopeptides fail to eradicate Gram-positive pathogens from the host.

Acetamides↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Oral, nonabsorbable antibiotics prevent infection in cirrhotics with gastrointestinal hemorrhage.

To investigate if oral, nonabsorbable antibiotics prevent bacterial infections in cirrhotics with gastrointestinal hemorrhage, 140 consecutive patients were randomly allocated into two groups: 68 patients (Group I) were given oral, non absorbable antibiotics (gentamicin + vancomycin + nystatin or neomycin + colistin + nystatin) from the inclusion into the trial up to 48 hr after cessation of the hemorrhage, or until emergency surgery or death in those cases who continued bleeding; and 72 patients (Group II) did not receive oral, nonabsorbable antibiotics. Both groups were similar in relation to clinical and laboratory data and characteristics of the hemorrhage. The incidence of infection was significantly lower in Group I than in Group II (11 patients in Group I and 25 in Group II developed proved infections; p less than 0.025). This difference was due to the fact that spontaneous bacteremia and peritonitis and urinary tract infection caused by enteric bacteria occurred almost exclusively in Group II. Two patients of Group I and 10 of Group II developed spontaneous bacteremia and/or peritonitis caused by enteric bacteria (p less than 0.025). These results indicate that prophylactic administration of oral, nonabsorbable antibiotics markedly reduces the incidence of infections caused by enteric bacteria in cirrhotic patients with gastrointestinal hemorrhage.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1984

Infection after abdominal surgery: five year prospective study.

A total of 1504 consecutive abdominal operations were studied prospectively over a five year period. The incidence of wound (2.8%) and intraperitoneal (0.8%) infections was low compared with contemporary reports. It is difficult to justify modifying existing practice on the basis of small controlled clinical trials when information from accurate audit discloses results superior to those of experimental studies.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1986

Fever following abdominal surgery. Unusual infectious causes.

Identification of the cause and subsequent specific therapy are indicated for those prolonged or relapsing fevers that follow abdominal surgery. On rare occasions, these fevers can be attributed to potentially life-threatening occult infections, including maxillary sinusitis, acute cholecystitis, antibiotic-related pseudomembranous colitis, toxic shock syndrome, systemic candidiasis, and transfusion-related cytomegalovirus disease, malaria, and babesiosis. Early recognition and appropriate treatment of these infections relieve anxiety, reduce hospital costs, and increase patient survival rates.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1987

[Hospital infections in an emergency surgery ward].

A study was conducted on hospital infections in an emergency surgery ward. The survey lasted one year and confirmed the higher incidence of infections after contaminated and dirty operations. Rates of infection were also high after clean operations due to the large number of subjects at risk among the group examined. The most commonly encountered micro-organisms in the infections of surgical wounds were, in order, E. coli, Str. faecalis and Staph. aureus, the latter being only minimally responsive to the standard antibiotics. Several proposals are advanced for prophylaxis in the attempt to halt the circulation of strains with a multiple resistance to antibiotics.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1983

Occurrence of antibodies to teichoic acid in patients with diseases other than staphylococcal infection.

To determine the usefulness of the teichoic acid antibody (TAA) test in conditions where unspecific viral and bacterial antibodies are often encountered, we measured TAA by the gel-diffusion method in 475 patients without known staphylococcal disease; they included 213 patients with arthritis, 108 with liver diseases, 100 with gastro-intestinal disorders and 54 with acute pharyngitis. Positive controls were 104 patients with Staphylococcus aureus bacteraemia and 203 healthy adults were negative controls. Thirteen (6%) of the healthy adults had positive TAA titres (greater than or equal to 4), and the highest titre was 8 in two people (1%). Positive titres were found in 38% of patients with S. aureus bacteraemia and high titres (greater than or equal to 8) were seen in 24%. Among the patients with arthritis, positive TAA titres were found significantly more often than in healthy controls in patients with Yersinia arthritis (p less than 0.01) and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE; p less than 0.02). In other patient groups, the percentage of positive TAA titres did not differ significantly from that in healthy adults. Eight (2%) of the 475 patients without known staphylococcal infection had TAA titres greater than or equal to 8 but these high titres were not associated with any particular disease group. Only two of these eight patients had slightly raised antibody to staphylococcal alpha-haemolysin. We conclude that the TAA test cannot be used as a reliable indicator of septic staphylococcal disease in patients with Yersinia arthritis or SLE, but that in general, TAA titres greater than or equal to 8 point strongly to S. aureus infection even in patients with autoimmune or liver diseases.

Adolescent↗