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PubMedDate not supplied

Extensive primary Ewings' sarcoma in the greater wing of the sphenoid bone.

We describe a rare case of an extensive primary cranial Ewing's sarcoma located in the greater wing of the sphenoid bone with extension to the orbit, the endocranium, the parapharyngeal and infratemporal space. The patient presented with diplopia, anosmia and prolapse of the left eye. He was given chemo- and radiotherapy and was free of symptoms on re-examination 1.5 years later. The prognosis of Ewing's sarcoma in the absence of surgery is uncertain, but prompt treatment appears to have a satisfactory therapeutic outcome. In the future, more cases should be studied in order to investigate the biological behaviour of a primary cranial Ewing's sarcoma.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Primary Ewing's sarcoma of the greater wing of the sphenoid bone.

Primary Ewing's sarcoma is an uncommon lethal tumour of the long bones and pelvic girdle mainly affecting children and young adults. An origin in the cranial bones is extremely rare. We report a unique case of primary involvement of the greater wing of sphenoid bone in a 16-year-old patient. Aggressive management using microsurgical resection, radiotherapy and chemotherapy was curative. Localized, primary Ewing's sarcoma of the cranial bones should be considered as a distinct clinicopathological entity with an extremely low rate of dural penetration and metastases, and with a relatively better prognosis as compared with those of long bones and pelvic girdle. In neurosurgical practice, primary Ewing's sarcoma of the cranial bones requires early aggressive management to achieve adequate long-term prognosis and cure.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

Giant-cell tumour of the sphenoid bone: case report.

We report an 18-year-old woman with a giant cell tumour of the sphenoid bone. CT demonstrated a lytic soft-tissue mass arising from the sphenoid body, extending to the left petrous apex and into the nasopharynx. On MRI the tumour had nonspecific signal intensity, but there was contrast enhancement on both examinations. CT was better for showing the extent of the osseous disease, whereas MRI was more accurate as regards soft-tissue extension.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

[Osteosarcoma of the sphenoid bone -- the cause of hemorrhage from the cavernous sinus].

A very rare of the osteosarcoma osteolythicum teleangiectaticum of the paranasal sinuses, treated surgically, is reported. The infiltration and destruction of the sphenoid bone caused a haemorrhage from the cavernous sinus. The difficulties in the preoperative evaluation of the extent of the osteosarcoma in the craniofacial bone structures are discussed.

Cavernous Sinus↗
PubMed1987

Malignant melanoma metastatic to sphenoid bone with an unknown primary origin: report of a case with an immunohistochemical analysis of the infiltrating lymphocytes.

A rare case of hemorrhagic malignant melanoma from an unknown primary origin to the right sphenoid bone in a 37-year-old woman is presented. The tumor occupied an extensive intracranial extradural space with a mild orbital infiltration, but little involvement of the leptomeninges and parenchymal tissues. Immunohistochemical analysis of the tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes showed that the majority expressed pan-T or Leu-1 surface antigens and that the lymphocytes bearing the Leu-3 antigen, or helper phenotype, were predominant compared to the Leu-2 population representing both suppressor and cytotoxic T cells. Furthermore, most of the T lymphocytes stained with HLA-DR antigens. Because few B cells were seen, this observation indicates the presence of T cells in an activated state. The literature pertinent to associated organ involvement of metastatic melanomas and the correlations between the tumor and immunological cellular responses are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

Primary Ewing's sarcoma of the sphenoid bone with unusual imaging features: a case report.

Ewing's sarcomas (ES) account for approximately 10% of primary malignant bone tumors. Primary Ewing's sarcoma of the skull is a very rare entity. We report a case of Ewing's sarcoma of the sphenoid bone in a 5-year-old boy. CT scan showed heterogeneously enhancing mass with associated spiculated new bone formation along the posterolateral wall of the orbit. Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging showed markedly heterogeneously signal intensity mass lesion containing areas of hemorrhage and fluid-fluid levels. Spiculated new bone formation and fluid-fluid levels had not been reported previously in skull Ewing's sarcomas and may be helpful features for preoperative diagnosis.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1984

[Suprapetrosal approach to the anterosuperior surface of the petrous bone. Its importance for the treatment of rare lesions of the sphenoid bone, trigeminal nerve and internal carotid artery].

The anterior suprapetrosal approach provides access to the anterior part of the middle cerebral fossa and its various openings: small round, oval and large round foramina. Trephination of the floor of the cerebral fossa reveals the Eustachian tube, the intrapetrosal portion of the internal carotid artery, the pterygomaxillary fossa, and possibly a particularly markedly developed recess of the sphenoidal sinus. This new surgical approach can resolve certain rare but classical therapeutic problems, particularly of excision of tumors in this region: neurinomas of V developing anteriorly, meningioma.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

Hemangioendothelioma of the sphenoid bone: a case report.

Hemangioendothelioma is borderline or intermediate type of vascular neoplasm. Hemangioendothelioma is rare lesion that constitutes less than 0.5% of the malignant tumors of bone. We present a case of low-grade hemagioendothelioma of the skull in a 29-yr-old woman. She had pain, diplopia and exophthalmos of the left eye. Radiographic images showed a relatively well-demarcated, expansile osteolytic lesion with irregularly thickened trabeculae and calcifications in the left greater wing of sphenoid bone. Histologically, the tumor was an infiltrative vasoformative lesion. The vessels are generally well-formed with open or compressed lumina surrounded by endothelial cells showing mild atypia. It lacked frequent mitotic figures and severe atypia. Although excessive bleeding occurred during the operation, the mass was totally resected. Postoperative radiation was not necessary. She is free of disease and well 6 months postoperatively.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Benign osteoblastoma of the sphenoid bone.

Benign osteoblastoma is a rare tumour of bone with a predilection for the spinal column and appendicular skeleton. The skull is an unusual site. We report a case in which the lesion affected the lesser wing of the sphenoid bone and extended from the middle cranial fossa to the orbital region. We discuss the distinguishing features of the tumour, reviewing the literature, and the treatment.

Cerebral Angiography↗
PubMed2003

Primary granulocytic sarcoma in the sphenoidal bone and orbit.

CASE REPORT: We report a case of a primary cranial chloroma in boy aged 2 years and 8 months. The symptoms were progressive bilateral exophthalmos, right abducens palsy, and bilateral papilledema. The tumor was partially calcified and was a round mass located in the bilateral sphenoidal bone extending into the orbit. Laboratory study did not show hematological abnormality. The tumor was partially removed by bilateral frontotemporal craniotomy and a diagnosis of primary granulocytic sarcoma was made from the surgical specimen. Progressive deterioration of visual acuity was seen and chemotherapy started on the 11th postoperative day followed by local cranium irradiation (24 Gy). The patient has been in complete remission for 37 months. The visual acuity recovered partially and follow-up magnetic resonance imaging showed a significant decrease in the size of the tumor. DISCUSSION: Radiological diagnosis of primary intracranial granulocytic sarcoma is difficult. Surgical removal may be an option for progressive neurological deterioration but chemotherapy is more important for both neurological stabilization and induction of remission.

Brain Neoplasms↗
PubMed1991

Case report 680. Intraosseous meningioma of the sphenoid bone.

Two cases of intraosseous meningioma of the calvaria with hyperostosis are presented and compared with the appearance on plain films and CT of en plaque meningioma, metastatic disease from such primary sites as prostatic cancer, and fibrous dysplasia. It is emphasized that intraosseous meningioma in the calvaria is relatively uncommon, occurring most often in the sphenoid bone (probably because of its numerous articulations). The relationship of the development of intraosseous meningioma to the entrapment of dura containing arachnoid cells is discussed in considering the cause of such lesions, and it is stressed that calvarial fractures and cranial sutures may contribute to the entrapment of arachnoidal tissue and later the formation of a meningioma.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

[A case of giant cell tumor of the sphenoid bone--special emphasis on its clinico-radiological features and radiosensitivity].

A 19-year-old man was admitted to the hospital because of blurred vision, visual field defect, diplopia and hypesthesia of the left face. Neurological examination on admission revealed impairments of the II, III, IV, VI cranial nerves bilaterally and the first branch of the V nerve on the left. X-ray films of the skull showed a marked decalcification of the sella and upper portion of the clivus. Cerebral angiography demonstrated a moderately vascularized, large tumor in the sella-clival region. The tumor was supplied mainly by the branches of the right internal carotid artery, which was occluded at the cavernous portion. CT scans showed a large, oval mass located at the mid-portion of the anterior and middle fossa. Hounsfield number of the tumor was approximately 64.0, but several high density spots, probably due to destroyed bone fragments, were seen inside. The tumor was markedly enhanced with contrast medium. Three successive craniotomies were carried out through right fronto-temporal approaches, but total removal of the tumor was not achieved. Histological examination of surgical specimens disclosed that the tumor was consisted of abundant multinucleated giant cells and fewer spindle shaped stromal cells. Postoperative radiotherapy by telecobalt was tried and a total dose of 70Gy was delivered to the residual tumor. Effect of radiotherapy was remarkable and the size of the tumor on CT was markedly reduced to the extent of 10% of the pre-radiation tumor size. The patient was discharged in a good condition and there have been no signs of recurrence for 10 months so far. On the basis of our case and cases reported in the literature so far, the authors discussed clinical and radiological features, difficulty in surgical treatment and radiosensitivity of giant cell tumor of the sphenoid bone.

Adult↗