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[Observations of children with chorioretinitis in congenital toxoplasmosis].

Hundred eleven children with congenital toxoplasmosis were followed up in the Department of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases in Childhood, Medical Academy in Warsaw, within 1979-1988. Ocular changes found in 91 children including chorioretinitis in 86 microphthalmia in 7, ophthalmic nerve atrophy in 15, vitreous body inflammation in 5, and cataract in 4. Only in 16 children the diagnosis was performed in the first year of life. In 15 children the recurrence of inflammatory process, most frequently in the time of puberty, was noted; twice in 5 of them. It was independent on the treatment which was previously administrated. Serological tests in ocular form of congenital toxoplasmosis do not indicate the dynamic changes in the inflammatory process. It is very important that small children are examined early and the treatment is started in the first year of life.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

[Congenital toxoplasmosis: contribution of postnatal biological follow-up].

OBJECTIVES: The diagnosis of congenital toxoplasmosis includes a postnatal follow-up, often preceded by a prenatal diagnosis. The aim of our study was to assess the performances of the different techniques used and the value of the samples in the postnatal biological diagnosis. METHODS: The methods available between 1985 and 1993 consisted in the detection of: i) Toxoplasma gondii in the placenta; ii) anti-T. gondii IgM in infant's blood by enzyme-linked immuno-sorbent assay (ELISA), immuno-sorbent agglutination assay (ISAGA) and indirect immuno-fluorescence (IFI), and anti-T. gondii IgG by ELISA and IFI; and iii) neo-synthetized anti-T. gondii IgG and IgM by enzyme-linked immuno-filtration assay (ELIFA). RESULTS: Among 400 cases of seroconversion diagnosed during pregnancy, a sure diagnosis with complete follow-up could be established for 104 infants; 37 of them had proven congenital toxoplasmosis (CT+) while 75 had no congenital toxoplasmosis (CT-). Biological arguments supporting congenital toxoplasmosis had been observed as early as birth in 78.4% of CT+ cases and before two months in 94.6%. The serologic tests were positive in 88.2% of CT+ cases by ELIFA, in 73.0% by ISAGA, in 43.3% by ELISA M and in 14.0% by IFI M. ELIFA was the less specific method (91.3%). CONCLUSION: The sensitive techniques (ELIFA and ISAGA), were essential for the instant follow-up to detect toxoplasmic infection as early as birth.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Congenital toxoplasmosis: chances of occurrence in subsequent siblings.

Occurrence of congenital toxoplasmosis in subsequent siblings after the birth of an affected child is discussed. Toxoplasmic retinochoroiditis was found in 3 surviving siblings. The diagnosis was made by the typical fundus lesions in children, intracranial calcification in one child, and significant positive titer for toxoplasmic antibodies in all the children and the mother, who was asymptomatic. Serology for syphilis, skin tests for histoplasmosis and tuberculosis, blood studies with sedimentation rate, and chest roentgenograms were all negative in mother and all 3 children. The view that transmission of infection from mother to the fetus may result from a chronically infested uterine wall is supported and is thought to be the probable cause in the cases reported here. After the birth of one child with congenital toxoplasmosis, the parents may be reassured about the favorable prognosis of subsequent pregnancies with some reservation. However, it appears unwise to categorically refute the repetition of congenital toxoplasmosis in siblings. It is also suggested that because of possible danger of reactivation, the healed toxoplasmic chorioretinal lesions should be properly monitored if the patient is to be given corticosteroids for any other reason.

Adolescent↗