PubMed Health⌕ Search

SEARCH · PubMed Health

Results for “Tendon Injuries”

Explore indexed PubMed citations for clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health research. Read source abstracts and follow each citation to its original PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

Tendon injuries: application of magnetic resonance imaging.

More people of all ages are now spending more time participating in sports, both competitive and recreational. This increase in participation has been accompanied by an increase in the number of tendon injuries. Tendons can also be injured during trauma, as part of degenerative disease and with chronic overuse. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has greatly improved the ability to detect and characterize these injuries. The MRI appearance of several important tendons, in both the normal state and after injury of various types, is described and depicted in this review.

Achilles Tendon↗
PubMed1991

Achilles tendon injuries in athletes.

During 1976-1986, 3,336 athletes consulted the Turku Sports Medical Research Unit, 455 (14%) of these for Achilles tendon injuries. Achilles tendon problems were more frequent among joggers (66%), tennis players (32%) and runners (24%), which emphasizes the aetiological role of running. Achilles tendon complaints (n = 698) consisted of paratenonitis (including tendinopathies) (66%), insertional (23%) and myotendineal (8%) pain syndromes and total tendon ruptures (3%). The mean age of Achilles tendon injury patients was 26.1 years; among other sport injury patients it was 21.9 years (P less than 0.001). Surgery was performed in 24% of the subjects with paratenonitis and insertional pains. Different structural faults were found in 60% of the athletes with Achilles tendon overuse injuries. Forefoot varus correlated (r = P less than 0.001) with paratenonitis. A markedly limited total passive subtalar joint mobility and/or ankle joint dorsiflexion with knee extended was found in 6% of the conscripts, in 44% of the control athletes and in 58% and 70% of athletes with Achilles tendon paratenonitis and insertional pains, respectively. The range of motion of the ankle and subtalar joints was much lower in athletes than conscripts (P less than 0.001).

Achilles Tendon↗
PubMed1980

The operative treatment of Achilles tendon injuries.

Twenty cases of Achilles tendon injury treated surgically at the University of Virginia Medical Center from 1970 to 1979 were reviewed and reevaluated with up to 9 years of follow-up. Three treatment groups were identified: Group I--primary repair of a lacerated Achilles tendon; Group II--primary repair of an acutely ruptured Achilles tendon; and Group III--subacute repair of Achilles tendon rupture (performed more than 72 hours after injury). Acute repairs were performed by end-to-end suture. In subacute cases the anastomosis was reinforced with one or 2 flaps from the gastrocnemius tendon. Strenuous exercise accounted for nearly all the cases of acute tendon rupture. Surgical complications and overall functional results were determined for each treatment group. Open repair provides excellent results when applied to lacerations. A good-to-excellent overall result can be expected for patients with acute ruptures and primary repair, but an awareness of the possible postoperative complications is necessary. Achilles tendon ruptures that go unrecognized for more than 72 hours are best treated conservatively.

Achilles Tendon↗
PubMed1989

Primary care of flexor tendon injuries.

The approach to the acute flexor tendon injury is an area of hand surgery that has seen considerable change in the last 25 years. Direct repair in the early postinjury period, at all levels of injury, is the accepted procedure provided wound conditions permit. The procedures performed along with the tendon repair in zone 2 are based on both clinical experience as well as laboratory evidence, but additions such as sheath closure have not been completely proven to improve the clinical result. At this time, both flexor tendons are repaired in zone 2 and the flexor sheath is repaired. All patients are mobilized in a protected mobilization program. The last modification is probably the chief reason that results from flexor repairs are improving at this time.

Hand↗
PubMed1988

[Assessment of treatment results of extensor tendon injuries].

Criteria for evaluation of results after extensor tendon lesions are presented, which are easy to apply and based on angular measurements of active joint mobility. The scheme is analogous to the evaluation method for flexor tendon injuries published by Buck-Gramcko et al. in 1976 which is now widely used. A modification was necessary to treat the extension deficits more severely. A comparison is made to the evaluation method proposed by the Group of Erlangen, and both schemes are tested on 68 patients with extensor tendon injuries of different zones, various fingers and combinations. Lesions of the thumb require different criteria.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

[Ambulatory treatment of extensor-tendon injury in general surgery].

Extensor tendon injuries are mostly treated by younger general surgeons. Good follow-up results in the zone 2, 3, 4 and 6 of VERDAN are observed only 6 to 17 percent (fig. 1), which may be explained by: 1. the complicated anatomy of the extensor tendon in zone 2 to 4, 2. lack of attention to handsurgical principles, 3. infections in up to 40 per cent, which appear especially in connection with extensive soft tissue damage, 4. posttraumatic arthrosis (fig. 3) caused by lesions of the finger-joints or temporary KIRSCHNER wire fixation. The highest restriction of movement is found in the finger-joint distal to the injury (fig. 2.) The degree of flexion deficit in all finger-joints always exceeds the degree of extension deficit (fig. 4). The extension deficit alone is, therefore, not a satisfactory criterion in follow-up. The use of KIRSCHNER wire fixation by the inexperienced and the adoption of conservation therapy for zones 1 and 2 cannot be recommended.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Biology of tendon injury: healing, modeling and remodeling.

Tendon disorders are frequent, and are responsible for much morbidity both in sport and the workplace. Although the presence of degenerative changes does not always lead to symptoms, pre-existing degeneration has been implicated as a risk factor for acute tendon rupture. The term tendinopathy is a generic descriptor of the clinical conditions in and around tendons arising from overuse. The terms "tendinosis" and "tendinitis/tendonitis" should only be used after histopathological examination. Disordered healing is seen in tendinopathy, and inflammation is not typically seen. In acute injuries, the process of tendon healing is an indivisible process that can be categorized into three overlapping phases for descriptive purposes. Tendon healing can occur intrinsically, via proliferation of epitenon and endotenon tenocytes, or extrinsically, by invasion of cells from the surrounding sheath and synovium. Despite remodeling, the biochemical and mechanical properties of healed tendon tissue never match those of intact tendon. Tendon injuries account for considerable morbidity, and often prove disabling for several months, despite what is considered appropriate management. Chronic problems caused by overuse of tendons probably account for 30% of all running-related injuries, and the prevalence of elbow tendinopathy in tennis players can be as high as 40%. The basic cell biology of tendons is still not fully understood, and the management of tendon injury poses a considerable challenge for clinicians. This article describes the structure of tendons, and reviews the pathophysiology of tendon injury and healing.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

Extensor Tendon Injuries in the Hand.

Until recently, extensor tendon injuries were often discounted as an important hand problem. However, studies have shown that not all extensor lacerations fare well and that loss of flexion can be problematic. Newer postoperative protocols emphasizing tendon gliding have improved results, and better repair techniques and postoperative rehabilitation regimens are under investigation. This article reviews the evaluation of acute open and closed extensor tendon injuries, their conservative and surgical treatment, and postoperative rehabilitation options.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1985

Management of acute flexor tendon injury in the hand.

In this report, we have attempted to review the current state of the art with regard to the treatment of partial flexor tendon injuries, the strength of the flexor tendons and its relationship to complete tendon lacerations, and the importance of passive joint motion to improve tendon excursion. At this time, it appears that most partial flexor tendon injuries are best treated by nonsurgical repair and an early active assisted or passive range-of-motion exercise program for a period of 3 to 4 weeks. Protecting the hand up to a total of 10 to 12 weeks seems reasonable based on studies of tendon strength. Surgical intervention is necessary to prevent complications of triggering, entrapment, or rupture, which generally occur with lacerations of greater than 60%. We would reserve the repair of partial flexor tendon injuries to lacerations where tendon rupture, triggering, or entrapment would be expected. After flexor tendon repair, knowledge of the strength of tendons and the need for passive mobilization are important. There is not sufficient strength within the flexor tendon repair site to allow for active mobilization sooner than 17 days. Probably only with a lateral trap stitch similar to that described by Becker or with extremely well supervised and trusted patients can active motion be started this early. There is insufficient intrinsic tendon strength to consider active motion (without assistance) earlier than 3 1/2 to 4 weeks. Passive range of motion using the Kleinert-Atasoy or Durand technique before this period is important in not only increasing tendon gliding (or excursion) but also being a stimulus to improve flexor tendon healing strength.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

[Muscle and tendon injuries in the athlete].

Muscle and tendon injuries are the most common injuries in sports; they are mostly caused by overuse and repetitive strain injuries and require special diagnosis and treatment. Selective examples are given of surgical therapy (when conservative treatment fails) for the most frequent sports injuries (like muscle ruptures, jumper's knee, Achilles tendon ruptures, rotator cuff tears, tendinitis, dislocation of tendons, compartment syndrome).

Athletic Injuries↗
PubMed1988

Flexor tendon injuries: the results of primary repair.

This study is a critical analysis of results obtained following primary repair and post-operative controlled mobilisation of flexor tendon injuries which were treated by registrars with up to six months experience in hand surgery. 70 (55%) of 125 patients who underwent repair of a complete flexor digitorum profundus or flexor pollicis longus tendon injury during a 14-month period attended for review and these had a total of 140 injured digits. 93 (67%) were rated by Lister's standards as an "excellent" or "good" result. 39 (28%) occurred in "no man's land" (Zone 2) and only 19 (49%) in this area were rated "excellent" or "good". Isolated flexor digitorum superficialis tendon injuries have been excluded from this study, as have partial tendon injuries.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

Management of muscle and tendon injuries in footballers.

BACKGROUND: Muscle and tendon injuries are among the commonest football injuries and can be very frustrating to treat because of the high risk of recurrence. OBJECTIVE: This article aims to highlight the optimal management of, and risk factor for re-injury of, the common soft tissue injuries in football players. DISCUSSION: The high risk of recurrence of soft tissue injuries is because most football players return to play before complete healing of the injury. For hamstring and quadriceps strains and thigh haematomas, early return is often a sensible strategy. Calf strains in older players and tendinopathies (Achilles, patellar tendon and chronic groin injuries) generally require a more conservative approach as the risk of prolonged missed playing time is greater. The rupture of tendons that have nearby agonists can often be managed conservatively, but rupture of isolated prime mover tendons, such as the Achilles and patellar tendons, should be managed surgically.

Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries↗
PubMed2001

Development of the shields for tendon injury repair using polyvinyl alcohol--hydrogel ( PVA-H).

In recent years, marked advances have been made in repair techniques for tendon injury, but the treatment of finger flexor tendon injury is still one of the most difficult and important problems in the orthopedic field. The main problem in tendon repair is adhesion between the tendon and surrounding tissue. To prevent this adhesion and achieve tendon union, we developed adhesion preventive shields for tendon repair using polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel ( PVA-H) with 90% water content, and carried out an implant experiment using the deep flexor tendon of the third toe of domestic fowl. Injured tendons shielded with PVA-H showed union at about 3 weeks after the operation without adhesion to the surrounding tissue and good function such as gliding and range of motion. Neither breakage of the PVA-H shield itself nor infection, nor degeneration in the surrounding tissue were observed. These results confirmed that the tendon itself has repair ability, and the tendon is regenerated by synovial nutrition through PVA-H. High water content PVA-H may have clinically potential and be applicable to adhesion-preventive shields for tendon repair. However, re-rupture was observed, probably due to accidental tendon injury at an early period after the operation. In some cases, tendon immobilization methods to prevent re-rupture might be necessary.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Tendon injuries of the foot and ankle.

Tendon injuries are often caused by direct trauma or overuse. Pathology may consist of inflammatory lesions external to the tendon sheath or inflammation of either the peritenon, sheath, or tendon. This article reviews the diagnosis and treatment of injuries to the peroneal, peroneus brevis, peroneus longus, anterior tibial, flexor hallucis longus, and posterior tibial tendons.

Ankle Injuries↗
PubMed1995

Muscle-tendon injuries in young athletes.

The pediatric athlete with open physeal plates is more susceptible to growth plate injuries and avulsion fractures rather than ligament and muscle-tendon injuries that most often occur in adults. In general, the pediatric athlete is able to return to full activity quicker than the adult athlete because of a more rapid healing response. There has been a recent interest in the study of the pathophysiology of muscle-tendon injuries and treatment strategies based on these studies have changed. Laboratory studies have several implications regarding the prevention of muscle-tendon injuries. Clinical studies to confirm their efficacy are needed. Complications of re-injury include more serious injury and conditions such as myositis ossificans. Injury prevention has focused on the use of protective equipment and an emphasis on stretching and strengthening programs.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Complications of flexor tendon injuries.

Despite the many advances in the surgical and rehabilitative management of flexor tendon injuries, problems of adhesion, contracture, and rupture continue to limit the restoration of function in a significant number of cases. This article reviews the most frequent complications after flexor tendon injuries. The treatment options for these problems, including the authors' methods of choice, are discussed.

Adult↗