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Radiocontrast substances have a significant role in x-ray diagnosis of urological diseases. Diagnostic and cost-effect efficacy, delivery, storage life are described for radiocontrast substance triombrast (sodium amidotrizoate) of Ukraine production (Kiev). The review was based on the authors' experience and results of clinical trials.
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1. Gentamicin was effective in 20 patients out of 25 with urological diseases. 2. Gentamicin was more effective on acute symptoms than on chronicones. 3. No marked side effects were noted. 4. No conclusion was drawn on difference in efficacy of gentamicin by dosage, duration of administration and kinds of organisms in this clinical trial.
One-year screening of urological diseases in preschool and schoolboys under 17 years of age identified relevant affections in 264 (10.13%) of the examinees. Phimosis and varicocele were the most frequent findings. Urological examinations of 3-, 7- and 14-year-old boys are suggested to be included into routine prophylactic check-ups.
The authors consider causes and mechanisms underlying DIC syndrome onset in complications of urological diseases. The syndrome may originate from azotemia-induced intoxication, injury to the kidneys and urinary tracts, complications of surgical interventions. Etiologically and pathogenetically validated approaches to DIC syndrome treatments, their regimens, combinations and dosages are presented.
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Several problems involved in the medical care system in Japan were discussed with emphasis on urological diseases. Costs for the treatment of renal insufficiency are increasing. Financial support by the national government is available for some of the patients under 18 years of age, i.e., those with undescended testis, vesicoureteral reflux and hypospadias.
The authors analyse 28 cases of gastrointestinal hemorrhage (GIH) in urological diseases and after uronephrological operations, emphasize factors of uremic intoxication and relevant complications provoking DIC syndrome. Various factors leading to stress (acute blood loss, shock, sepsis) and development of immunodeficiency disturbed morphostructure of gastric and duodenal mucosa and provoked hemorrhage which was stopped most efficiently by fibrogastroduodenoscopy with coagulation of the bleeding vessel. If this operation failed, open surgery was performed. Conservative measures consisted in DIC syndrome management policy.
Clinical efficacy of lymphoscintigraphy was evaluated in 31 cases of urological disease. To diagnose metastatic change of malignant tumor, 99mTc-rhenium colloid (5mCi) was administrated from bilateral pedal region. Of these patients 12 had true positive finding, 2 had false positive finding, 2 had false negative finding, and 8 had true negative finding defined by lymphoscintigram and pathological finding. Overall accuracy of lymphoscintigraphy revealed 83% in correlation of pathological finding, 78% in lymphangiography. Accuracy between lymphangiography and pathological finding was 80%. The overall clinical efficacy of lymphoscintigraphy was the same as lymphangiography. The merit of this method was that we can examine easily, painlessly, and frequently.
Despite having a relatively low incidence, renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is one of the most lethal urologic cancers. For successful treatment including surgery, early detection is essential. Currently there is no screening method such as biomarker assays for early diagnosis of RCC. Surface-enhanced laser desorption/ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (SELDI-TOF) is a recent technical advance that can be used to identify biomarkers for cancers. In this study, we investigated whether SELDI protein profiling and artificial intelligence analysis of serum could distinguish RCC from healthy persons and other urologic diseases (nonRCC). The SELDI-TOF data was acquired from a total of 36 serum samples with weak cation exchange-2 protein chip arrays and filtered using ProteinChip software. We used a decision tree algorithm c4.5 to classify the three groups of sera. Five proteins were identified with masses of 3900, 4107, 4153, 5352, and 5987 Da. These biomarkers can correctly separate RCC from healthy and nonRCC samples.
We have clinically surveyed the distribution and disk sensitivity of bacterial strains obtained from urine of patients with various urological disease at our department during three (1975-1977) and four (1980-1983) years. Escherichia coli was the most frequently isolated (29.4%) from the outpatients, followed by Staphylococcus epidermidis (17.5%), Pseudomonas cepacia (11.2%) and Serratia marcescens (11.2%). Pseudomonas cepacia was the most frequently isolated (28.0%) from the inpatients, followed by Staphylococcus epidermidis (16.3%) and Serratia marcescens (15.9%). Pseudomonas cepacia which has been increasing was first isolated in 1977 and Serratia marcescens in 1976. They have become the main bacteria causing infections in our hospital. Pseudomonas cepacia was frequently isolated after postoperative prophylactic chemotherapy and Serratia marcescens in the late period of admission. The majority of Pseudomonas cepacia was resistant to all agents except chloramphenicol and doxycycline. Serratia marcescens was also resistant except to gentamicin and doxycycline. In Escherichia coli species, resistant strains increased gradually but they have good sensitivity to gentamicin, dibekacin, colistin and doxycycline. Staphylococcus epidermidis isolated from outpatients had good sensitivity to all agents but increased in incidence of resistant strains isolated from inpatients.
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