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Results for “Ultrasonography, Doppler, Color”

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PubMed2006

[Significance of color Doppler ultrasonography in the assessment of pancreatic carcinoma vascular invasion].

BACKGROUND/AIM: It is highly appreciated to provide exact data on vascular invasion of pancreatic carcinoma relying as much as possible on non-invasive diagnostic procedures. Color Doppler ultrasonography has been proven as an efficient method for clinical staging of pancreatic carcinoma essential for therapeutic decisions. The aim of this study was to provide an analysis of the sensitivity and specificity for color Doppler ultrasonography in patients suffering from pancreatic carcinoma. METHODS: We performed color Doppler ultrasonography examination in 43 patients with pancreatic carcinoma prior to the surgery. The findings of ultrasonography on neoplasm vascular invasion were correlated to the findings obtained during the subsequent surgical procedures. An estimation of neoplastic invasion of certain blood vessels including portal vein, celiac trunk, and superior mesenteric artery and vein is critical for decision making regarding surgical treatment. The patients with metastases of pancreatic carcinoma were excluded from the study. RESULTS: Comparing color Doppler and the surgical findings we estimated the sensitivity for detection of neoplastic vascular invasion ranging from 79-93%, whereas the specificity range was from 83-93%. CONCLUSION: Color Doppler ultrasonography is a sufficiently sensitive and specific method for evaluation of vascular invasion in pancreatic carcinoma patients. Since color Doppler ultrasonography is a non-invasive, radiation free, and inexpensive diagnostic tool, considering also the results of this and similar studies we could strongly recommend its use for an initial presurgical evaluation of vascular invasion in pancreatic carcinoma patients.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Color Doppler ultrasonography in prediction of the reducibility of intussuscepted bowel in 15 young dogs.

Color Doppler ultrasonography was performed in 15 young dogs with intestinal intussusception to test the hypothesis that color Doppler findings can be used as a predictor of the manual reducibility of the intussusception at celiotomy. Color flow Doppler ultrasonography indicated blood flow within mesentery of the intussuscepted bowel in 12 of 15 dogs and reduction was achieved in nine of these 12 dogs (75%). In the remaining three dogs and in three dogs where no color Doppler signal were observed, an irreducible intussusception was confirmed at celiotomy. Color Doppler ultrasonography is a useful method for predicting the reducibility of intussusception in dogs.

Animals↗

PubMed2003

Color Doppler ultrasonography for evaluation of internal mammary artery application in adolescent female patients with right-convex thoracic idiopathic scoliosis.

STUDY DESIGN: Prospective comparative study. OBJECTIVE: To establish the use of Color Doppler Ultrasonography to investigate internal mammary artery. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: Breast asymmetry in female adolescents with right convex idiopathic scoliosis was supposed to be linked with anatomic and functional asymmetry of the internal mammary artery that is the main supplier to the mammary gland. However, no measurements of anatomic and hemodynamic parameters of internal mammary artery have been made to justify or to reject the hypothesis of asymmetric blood flow volume to the breasts and costosternal junction in female adolescent scoliotics. Color Doppler Ultrasonography is a well established noninvasive method to assess vessel anatomy and hemodynamics. METHODS: Twenty female adolescents with right thoracic scoliosis and 16 comparable female individuals without spine deformity were examined with Color Doppler Ultrasonography to measure at the origin of internal mammary artery lumen diameter, cross sectional area, time average mean flow and flow volume per minute and were compared each other. RESULTS: The reliability of Color Doppler Ultrasonography was high and the intraobserver variability low (ANOVA, P = 0.92-0.94). There was no statistically significant difference in the ultrasonographic parameters of the internal mammary artery between right and left side in each individual as well as between scoliotics and controls. CONCLUSIONS: Color Doppler Ultrasonography applied to assess anatomic or hemodynamic blood flow parameters at the origin of internal mammary artery was proven a highly reliable method. Color Doppler Ultrasonography disclosed no side-differences, while there were no differences between scoliotics and controls. Thus, it seems that this study cannot justify previous theories for development of right thoracic scoliosis in female adolescents.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1996

Assessment of arterial invasion in pancreatic cancer using color Doppler ultrasonography.

OBJECTIVE: We report the first study on the value of color Doppler ultrasonography (CDUS) in assessing arterial invasion of pancreatic cancer. METHODS: The relationships between tumors and surrounding major splanchnic arteries (celiac, superior mesenteric, common hepatic, splenic, and gastroduodenal arteries) were preoperatively evaluated with CDUS in 33 consecutive patients with pancreatic cancer. When a tumor partially or completely surrounded the artery, the invasion was diagnosed as positive. Imaging results were then compared with angiographic, surgical, and histopathological findings. RESULTS: In 22 nonsurgical patients, the correspondence rate of CDUS with angiography for the presence of invasion, absence of invasion, and overall was 78%, 95%, and 88%, respectively. In 11 surgical patients, a sensitivity of 60%, specificity of 93%, and accuracy of 87% for detection of arterial invasion were obtained in comparing CDUS with surgical and histopathological findings. There was no significant difference between the accuracy of CDUS and that of CT, or that of angiography. However, the accuracy of CDUS was higher than that of CT (72%) and equal to that of angiography (91%). CONCLUSION: Color Doppler ultrasonography is useful for detecting arterial invasion in pancreatic cancer. It may make angiography unnecessary, especially with advanced tumors, if thorough evaluation for the large artery invasion is performed initially.

Adult↗

PubMed1994

Gastrointestinal inflammation in children: color Doppler ultrasonography.

We conducted this study to determine if color Doppler ultrasonography can identify increased vascularity associated with gastrointestinal inflammatory conditions and to determine if specific diagnoses can be established based on flow patterns. Twenty-five children with acute right lower quadrant pain and discharge diagnoses of inflammatory bowel processes were examined by color Doppler sonography, as an adjunct to routine gray-scale examinations. Final diagnoses included gastroenteritis (10 cases), Crohn's disease (five cases), neutropenic colitis (four cases), peritonitis (four cases), and Yersinia enterocolitis (two cases). The results of color Doppler sonography were considered positive for inflammation if increased vascularity was demonstrated in the bowel mucosa, muscularis layer, or adjacent tissues. A control group of 19 patients was examined. No sonographic abnormalities were identified in any patients in the control group. Diffuse, concentric wall thickening with increased blood flow centrally within the mucosa was seen in Crohn's disease (60%) and Yersinia enterocolitis (100%), whereas wall thickening with increased transmural vascularity was identified in neutropenic colitis (50%) and Crohn's disease (40%). In contrast, in peritonitis color Doppler sonography showed thickened bowel wall and hypervascularity within peripheral bowel wall or in adjacent soft tissues. No demonstrable bowel vascularity was seen in gastroenteritis. Our experience suggests that mucosal or transmural hypervascularity on color Doppler sonography can be seen with several inflammatory bowel processes, but it is nonspecific. However, color Doppler sonography may aid in differentiating primary bowel disease from extrinsic inflammatory conditions, such as peritonitis.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1996

Early detection of ovarian carcinoma with transvaginal color Doppler ultrasonography.

OBJECTIVE: Our purpose was to assess the potentials and limitations of the early detection of ovarian cancer in protocols that involve transvaginal color Doppler ultrasonography. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective analysis was performed on the data from 206 referred patients who either had surgical or clinical follow-up of ovarian masses evaluated by transvaginal color Doppler ultrasonography. Most of the patients were referrals or had risk factors. RESULTS: In this series of 206 patients, 26 ovarian cancers were detected, > 70% of which were stage I or II. CONCLUSION: Transvaginal color Doppler ultrasonography is capable of early detection of ovarian carcinoma. An improved detection rate may be realized with better identification of high-risk patients who should be studied with transvaginal color Doppler ultrasonography.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2002

Transvaginal color Doppler ultrasonography in the management of first-trimester spontaneous abortion.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the role of transvaginal color Doppler ultrasonography in the management of first-trimester spontaneous abortion, clinically thought to be complete. STUDY DESIGN: A prospective interventional non-randomized study was performed in a tertiary care University hospital. Sixty-two women with suspected first-trimester spontaneous abortion, clinically thought to be complete were included in the study. All women were evaluated on admission by transvaginal color Doppler ultrasonography. The amount of blood flow within the myometrium or in the endometrium-myometrium interface was assessed. Those women with suspected retained tissue on color Doppler were scheduled to undergo dilatation and curettage (D&C). Those patients with no suspected retained tissue on color Doppler were scheduled for expectant management. RESULTS: Eighteen women had suspected retained tissue and 44 women did not. A total of 16 out of 18 (88.9%) patients had retained trophoblastic tissue confirmed on histopathologic analysis. There were two false negative cases. Outcome of all patients managed expectantly was optimal with no complications. CONCLUSIONS: Transvaginal color Doppler ultrasonography is useful to detect or to rule out the presence of retained trophoblastic tissue after first-trimester spontaneous abortion and to select patients for expectant management.

Abortion, Spontaneous↗

PubMed1995

Color Doppler ultrasonography for the assessment of renal blood flow in heart failure.

To validate color Doppler ultrasonography of renal arteries for the assessment of renal blood flow (RBF), we compared left and right RBF estimates and their sum (total RBF) by echo-Doppler with data obtained by iodine 123-123I-p-aminohippuric acid (PAH) scintigraphy in 19 patients with heart failure and 7 normal control subjects. Single-side and total RBF estimates by echo-Doppler ranged, respectively, between 179 and 428 mL/min/m2 and from 378 to 835 mL/min/m2 in patients with heart failure and between 265 and 601 mL/min/m2 and from 564 to 1,182 mL/min/m2 in normal control subjects. Single-side and total RBF estimates by echo-Doppler correlated well with measurements obtained by scintigraphy (r = 0.74 and 0.76, respectively, in patients with heart failure; both: p < 0.001). At Bland and Altman's analysis of correspondence between the 2 techniques, there were 17 disagreements (33.7%) for single-side RBF and 8 disagreements (31.8%) for total RBF. However, the two techniques disagreed markedly in only two single-side and one total RBF estimates. Thus, in patients with heart failure, RBF assessed noninvasively by color Doppler ultrasonography has a good correlation with 123I-PAH renal scintigraphy data over a wide range of blood flow.

Adult↗

PubMed2003

Mesenteric malignant lymphoma detected with routine color Doppler ultrasonography.

This report concerns a case of primary mesenteric malignant lymphoma detected with routine color Doppler ultrasonography. When a 44-year-old man underwent a first-time medical checkup, ultrasonographic imaging and computed tomography showed the presence of a large tumor measuring about 8 cm in transverse diameter. Color Doppler ultrasonography identified the characteristic vessel structure of a nodal lesion, namely, a hilar vessel, a curved section of the central vessel together with peripheral branches, and focal absence of perfusion in a hypoechoic imaging of the left periumbilical area. These findings contributed to the diagnosis of a malignant lymphoma and the surgical treatment of the tumor was successful.

Adult↗

PubMed2005

Evaluation of arterial blood flow in esophageal varices via endoscopic color Doppler ultrasonography with a galactose-based contrast agent.

BACKGROUND: We examined the usefulness of endoscopic color Doppler ultrasonography, using Levovist in evaluating the arterial blood flow, in patients with esophageal varices. METHODS: The study involved 110 patients with esophageal varices who were examined using endoscopic color Doppler ultrasonography (ECDUS). We compared vessel images detected by pre-contrast ECDUS with those detected by enhanced ECDUS. We evaluated the detection rate of the pulsatile wave, and measured systolic velocity and end-diastolic velocity. We calculated the resistance index (RI), which demonstrates the resistance of peripheral vessels in arterial flow. RESULTS: Color flow images of the pulsatile wave were obtained by pre-contrast ECDUS in 3 (2.7%) of the 110 patients. Color flow images of the pulsatile waves were obtained in 40 (36.4%) of the 110 patients by enhanced ECDUS using Levovist. That is, by using Levovist, a pulsatile wave could be delineated in 37 patients in whom pulsatile waves were previously undiagnosed via pre-contrast ECDUS. Color flow images of the pulsatile waves were detected in 37 (37.7%) of the 98 F2 varices and in 3 (25.0%) of the 12 F3 varices. Color flow images of the pulsatile wave were detected in 35 (40.2%) of the 87 red color (RC)(+) varices, and in 5 (21.7%) of the 23 RC(++) or RC (+++) varices. Next, we calculated the RI of the pulsatile wave, obtained by enhanced ECDUS using Levovist, in 40 patients. The RI ranged from 0.49 to 0.83 (mean, 0.67 +/- 0.09); there were nine patients with RIs of less than 0.60, and all 9 of these patients had both F2 and RC(+) type varices (100%). CONCLUSIONS: Levovist contrast in ECDUS examinations suggests that arterial flow is involved in the formation of esophageal varices.

Adult↗

PubMed1998

Assessment of internal thoracic artery graft with intraoperative color Doppler ultrasonography.

BACKGROUND: Intraoperative ultrasonography has the potential to provide anatomic and functional information about internal thoracic artery (ITA) graft, but this potential has been hindered by the relatively large standard probe. In this study, we used a color Doppler microprobe to evaluate ITA grafts. METHODS: The subjects were 15 consecutive patients who underwent elective coronary artery bypass grafting either with cardiopulmonary bypass (n = 14) or without (n = 1). All patients underwent anastomosis of the left ITA to the left anterior descending artery. The ITA graft was assessed before the chest was closed, with the microprobe placed directly on the graft. RESULTS: A good-quality color Doppler image of the ITA graft was easily obtained in all 15 patients within a few minutes. The ITA graft function was assessed by analyzing the shape of the pulsed Doppler wave. All ITA grafts were patent, and the mean graft diameter was 1.8 +/- 0.04 mm. The peak systolic velocity, peak diastolic velocity, and mean velocity were 52.0 +/- 14.9 cm/s, 58.3 +/- 22.4 cm/s, and 36.5 +/- 10.9 cm/s, respectively. The ratio of peak diastolic velocity to peak systolic velocity was 1.24 +/- 0.66. The ITA graft seemed to function well when the biphasic diastolic predominant flow appeared. The mean blood flow was 55.1 +/- 22.0 mL/min. CONCLUSIONS: Intraoperative ultrasonography using the microprobe provides adequate anatomic and hemodynamic information regarding ITA grafts. As the Doppler flow evaluation has high sensitivity and specificity, we suggest that intraoperative ultrasonography is useful for the assessment of these grafts.

Anastomosis, Surgical↗

PubMed1999

Evaluation of ocular arterial changes in glaucoma with color Doppler ultrasonography.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate hemodynamic changes of the retrobulbar vasculature caused by different intraocular pressures with color Doppler ultrasonography. Fifty normal eyes in 25 patients, 13 patients with normal tension glaucoma, and 19 patients with acute glaucoma and increased intraocular pressure (greater than 30 mm Hg) were enrolled in this study. In 15 of 19 patients with acute glaucoma patients, follow-up color Doppler ultrasonography was also undertaken after laser peripheral iridectomy when the intraocular pressure had returned to normal. The peak systolic velocity, end diastolic velocity, resistive index, time average maximum velocity, and pulsatility index were compared in different vessels, including the central retinal artery, lateral posterior ciliary artery, medial posterior ciliary artery, and ophthalmic artery in each orbit. The peak systolic velocity, end diastolic velocity, and time average maximum velocity of the central retinal artery were significantly lower (P<0.01) in acute glaucoma patients than in the control group. The resistive index and pulsatility index of the central retinal artery were significantly higher (P<0.01) in acute glaucoma patients than in the control group. The end diastolic velocity of the lateral and medial posterior ciliary arteries was significantly lower in patients with acute glaucoma than in the control group, and the resistive index and pulsatility index of both of these arteries were significantly higher (P<0.001) in patients with acute glaucoma than in the control group. However, no statistical significantly differences were found in the peak systolic velocity or time average maximum velocity in either of the posterior ciliary arteries; similarly, no statistically significant differences were noted in any of the parameters in the ophthalmic artery between the control group and the group with acute glaucoma. The pulsatility index of the central retinal artery and of the lateral and medial posterior ciliary arteries was significantly lower (P<0.01) in acute glaucoma patients after laser therapy than in acute glaucoma patients before laser therapy. The resistive index of both posterior ciliary arteries was also significantly lower (P<0.004) in acute glaucoma patients after laser therapy than before laser therapy. All parameters for all vessels examined among the normal subjects, the patients with normal tension glaucoma, and the patients with acute glaucoma after laser therapy when the intraocular pressure had returned to normal showed no statistically significant differences. Color Doppler ultrasonography is a good modality for both imaging and studying the hemodynamics of the perioptic nerve vessels.

Aged↗

PubMed1996

[Clinical studies for venogenic impotence with color Doppler ultrasonography--evaluation of resistance index of the cavernous artery].

BACKGROUND: Pharmaco-dynamic infusion cavernosometry and cavernosography (pharmaco-DICC) is essential for diagnosis of venogenic impotence, however it is so invasive. On the other hand, color Doppler ultrasonography is non-invasive and has become one of the useful diagnostic methods for arteriogenic impotence. And there are some reports evaluating whether venogenic impotence can be diagnosed using color Doppler ultrasonography. In this study, we investigated whether the resistance index (RI) could be useful for screening for venogenic impotence. METHODS: We performed color Doppler ultrasonography in 49 patients who had shown negative responses to an intracavernous injection of 20 mcg of prostaglandin E1 (PGE1). They previously underwent pharmaco-DICC and were diagnosed venogenic impotent when the maintenance flow rate was equal to or more than 20 ml/min. In 49 patients, 17 patients had DICC normality, while 32 patients had corporal leakages. After an intracavernous injection of 20 mcg of PGE1, we performed color Doppler ultrasonography, and measured peak systolic velocity (PSV) and end diastolic velocity (EDV) in the cavernous artery. RI was calculated as follows. RI = (PSV-EDV)/PSV We adopted the RI value near to 1 as the case's RI from two RI values of bilateral cavernous arteries, and compared RI values with the results of pharmaco-DICC. RESULTS: RI range in patients with normal DICC results was 0.895 +/- 0.092 (0.70-1.00), while RI range in patients with corporal leakages was 0.742 +/- 0.095 (0.55-0.97). RI values in patients with corporal leakages were significantly lower than those in patients with normal DICC results although there was some overlap in each group. From receiver-operating-characteristic curve (ROC curve) of the correlation between sensitivity and specificity at various RI values compared with DICC results, the RI cut off values were set up at 0.75 and 0.90, and classified the patients into 3 group according to their RI cut off values. In 10 patients with 0.9 < RI, 9 patients (90%) had DICC normality. In 17 patients with 0.75 < RI < or = 0.9, 7 patients had DICC normality while 10 patients had corporal leakages. In 22 patients with RI < or = 0.75, 21 patients (95.5%) had corporal leakages. CONCLUSION: We consider without carrying out pharmaco-DICC that patients with 0.9 < RI were not venogenic impotent, while patients with RI < or = 0.75 had corporal leakages. Pharmaco-DICC will remain essential only in patients with 0.75 < RI < or = 0.9.

Adult↗

PubMed1994

Color Doppler ultrasonography and serum CA 125 in the differentiation of benign and malignant ovarian tumors.

Color Doppler ultrasonography and serum CA 125 were used to evaluate 114 adnexal tumors prior to surgery. Six patients were excluded from this study because of ovarian cancer, borderline ovarian malignancy, and tubal gestation. A total of 108 patients were eligible: 83 patients with benign and 25 patients with malignant ovarian tumors. Resistance index (RI) was used to determine the peripheral resistance of intratumoral vessels. The cutoff point for the RI was defined as 0.5. The blood flow was considered to be normal when the RI was greater than 0.5 and abnormal when it was less than 0.5. The blood flow was detected in 100% of malignant tumors and 59% of benign tumors. The initial cutoff value for CA 125 was 35 U/mL. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value were compared in terms of RI, serum CA 125, and a combination of the two. Our conclusion is that the combination of RI and CA 125 gives a sensitivity of 100% and negative predictive value of 100%. If the cutoff point of CA 125 was raised from 35 to 65 U/mL, then a specificity of 100% and positive predictive value of 100% were also attained with the use of RI and CA 125 without changes in sensitivity or negative predictive value. We conclude that the combination of color Doppler ultrasonography and serum CA 125 is an effective method to differentiate benign from malignant ovarian tumors.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1998

Adjunctive color Doppler ultrasonography in second-trimester transabdominal amnioinfusion.

Transabdominal amnioinfusion improves the diagnostic accuracy of ultrasonography in pregnancies complicated by second-trimester oligohydramnios. Needle localization may be difficult because of patient obesity or the absence of an acoustic window. The two cases presented demonstrate that color Doppler imaging facilitates amnioinfusion by visualizing the injection jet of free-flowing infusate, confirming intraamniotic needle placement.

Adult↗

PubMed1994

Ovarian torsion: diagnosis by color Doppler ultrasonography.

BACKGROUND: Ovarian torsion, although a rare gynecologic emergency, is a threat to women of all ages. Traditionally, ultrasonography and laparoscopy facilitated early diagnosis and treatment of this condition. This case report highlights the usefulness of color Doppler ultrasonography in the diagnosis of ovarian torsion. CASE: A 25-year-old patient who conceived after ovulation induction was treated conservatively for mild ovarian hyperstimulation and threatened abortion. She subsequently underwent selective first-trimester multifetal reduction and was admitted and treated for suspected pelvic infection. On the 17th post-procedure morning, ovarian torsion was diagnosed using color Doppler ultrasonography. CONCLUSION: Because gynecologists face serious management dilemmas when confronted with ovarian torsion, this technique of using color Doppler ultrasonography should provide a highly specific finding in complete ovarian torsion, aiding the clinician in prompt diagnosis and treatment.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Intervillous and spiral artery flows in normal pregnancies between 5 and 10 weeks of amenorrhea using color Doppler ultrasonography.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of our study was to investigate early placental circulation development and spiral and uterine artery flows in normal 1st-trimester pregnancies. METHODS: A prospective study of intervillous and spiral artery flows in 49 normal pregnancies (5-10 weeks of amenorrhea) was performed. Transvaginal color and pulsed-wave Doppler techniques (6-MHz probe) were used as routine ultrasound scanning modalities before pregnancy termination for psychosocial reasons. RESULTS: In all pregnancies, between 5 and 10 weeks, continuous nonpulsatile intervillous flow (mean V(max) 3.55 cm/s) and spiral artery flow (mean peak systolic velocity 16.2 cm/s, mean diastolic index D/S 0.49 +/- 0.089) were detected. In the 47 women in whom the uterine artery flow was measured, the mean peak systolic velocity was 67.5 cm/s, the mean diastolic index was 0.12, and bilateral notching was observed. CONCLUSIONS: In all cases, between 5 and 10 weeks, slow and continuous nonpulsatile intrachorionic flow could be detected, whereas pulsatile flow was detected in spiral arteries. The true nature of this early intervillous circulation remains to be determined.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2001

Preoperative assessment of vascularity by color Doppler ultrasonography in human rectal carcinoma.

PURPOSE: Although angiogenesis assessed by immunostaining endothelial cells (microvessel density) is a well-known prognostic factor in a wide variety of human solid tumors, preoperative determination of microvessel density seems to be difficult in rectal carcinoma. Thus, we performed transanal color Doppler ultrasonography in 46 patients with rectal carcinoma to assess preoperative angiogenic status and compare it with microvessel density in surgical specimens. METHODS: Time-averaged maximal velocity, peak systolic velocity, number of vascular points, and vascular point index were conducted by color Doppler ultrasonography in 46 patients with rectal carcinoma. Number of vascular points was defined as the number of vessels with pulsation in the section of tumor. Vascular point index was defined as the average number of vascular points divided by the area assessed by color Doppler ultrasonography in the section of tumor. The profiles of number of vascular points were similar to those assessed by microangiography in five rectal carcinomas. RESULTS: Vascular point index significantly correlated with microvessel density (P < 0.0001). No significant correlation was found between microvessel density and time-averaged maximal velocity or peak systolic velocity. Vascular point index was also a better indicator of lymph node metastasis and venous invasion than microvessel density. In addition, 11 of 46 cases with postoperative hematogenous metastasis (23.9 percent) were observed prospectively. Vascular point index may be a best predictor for hematogenous metastasis from rectal carcinoma compared with peak systolic velocity, time-averaged maximal velocity, and microvessel density by receiver operating characteristic analysis. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that preoperative quantification of angiogenesis using color Doppler ultrasonography will provide quick and useful information in the management of rectal carcinoma.

Blood Flow Velocity↗