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At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

The use of maleimidocaproyloxysuccinimide to prepare malarial peptide carrier immunogens. Immunogenicity of the linking region.

Malarial peptides synthesized with an added N terminal cysteine were conjugated to purified diphtheria toxoid (DT) protein using the bifunctional reagent maleimidocaproyloxysuccinimide (MCS). The molar ratio of peptide to carrier was determined by subtractive sulphydryl titration and confirmed by sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS) electrophoresis. For enzyme-linked immunoabsorbent (ELISA) analysis of sera from animals immunized with the DT conjugates, peptides were conjugated to bovine serum albumin (BSA) using MCS as well as a glutaraldehyde based coupling procedure. Western blotting analysis shows that both DT and BSA adducts were recognized by monoclonal antibodies (Mabs) directed against the peptide epitopes in the native sequences. Animals immunized with the DT-peptide conjugates produced antibodies to the coupling reagent (MCS) as well as diphtheria toxoid and peptide specific antibodies. This MCS specificity could be largely abolished by pre-incubation of sera with a soluble MCS homologue, a thiosuccinimidocaproylamide (TSC).

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1975

Relative immunogenicity of streptomycin-susceptible and -resistant strains of BCG. II. Effect of the route of inoculation on growth and immunogenicity.

Normal CD-1 mice were infected intravenously, subcutaneously, or aerogenically with live bacille Calmette Guerin (BCG) Tice or BCG streptomycin resistant (SM-res) and growth of the organisms in the footpad, the draining popliteal lymph node, the blood, lung, liver, and spleen was followed for as long as 50 days. The vaccinated mice were then challenged on day 50 with 10-5 viable Mycobacterium tuberculosis Erdman organisms introduced intravenously or subcutaneously. The growth of the Erdman challenge was followed in the appropriate organs for the next 20 days. Measurement of tuberculin hypersensitivity was carried out by footpad tests. The BCG Tice introduced aerogenically or subcutaniously into normal mice induced degrees of antituberculous resistance equivalent to those seen earlier in intravenously infected mice. The BCG SM-res was still nonimmunogenic when introduced subcutaneously or by the aerogenic route. Suspension of the organisms in sterile mineral oil before their injection into the footpad slowed their rate of inactivation and marginally increased the immune response seen later in the host. Introduction of BCG SM-res into T-cell depleted mice by the 3 inoculation routes was associated with no marked improvement in the survival of this organism in vivo, suggesting that BCG SM-res is inactivated in vivo by a nonimmunologically mediated mechanism.

Aerosols↗
PubMed1992

Immunogenicity and protective efficacy of solubilized merozoite-enriched Theileria sergenti immunogens. I: Protection against homologous stabilate challenge.

Theileria sergenti were isolated from infected erythrocytes by hypotonic lysis, and soluble merozoite antigens were purified by sonication and differential centrifugation. The preparation contained 29, 34, 35 and 105 kD immuno-dominant poly-peptides. The soluble antigens (0.5 mg/ml) were prepared and fortified with Freund's adjuvant. Five month old naive Korean calves were subcutaneously inoculated with the preparation and a booster dose was administered 4 weeks later. Nine weeks after the booster dose, vaccinates and controls were challenged with a homologous stabilate (5.6 x 10(6) RBC/dose, 40% Parasitemia). All animals were monitored for hematocrit, total erythrocyte count, parasitemia and for the specific antibody by Western immunoblot (WB) and indirect immuno-fluorescent antibody (IFA) test. By 18 weeks after vaccination (6 weeks after the challenge), vaccinated cattle had an average IFA titer of 1:10,240 compared with 1:1,280 of the controls. The vaccinates showed negligible change in hematocrit and total RBC count whereas control animals showed significant (p less than 0.05) hematological changes and associated anemia. After vaccination and challenge, the antibody responses demonstrated that vaccination had induced significant production of antibody to the 29 and 35 kD polypeptides. The latter polypeptide was much more strongly recognized by the vaccinated animals, and thus it may be a potential candidate for the vaccine.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Immunogenicity and protective efficacy of solubilized merozoite-enriched Theileria sergenti immunogens. II: Protection against natural exposure under field conditions.

A Theileria sergenti soluble merozoite preparation containing the 29, 34, 35 and 105 KD as the immunodominant polypeptides, was evaluated for efficacy, safety and protectivity in Holstein calves against virulent field tick challenge. The soluble antigens (100 mg/dose) were fortified with either complete or incomplete Freund's adjuvant. Twenty naive calves, aged one month, were subcutaneously inoculated with the preparation and a booster dose was administered 4 weeks later. Twenty additional calves served as controls. Five weeks after the booster dose, vaccinates and uninoculated controls were moved to a pasture, a heavily tick infested area in Cheju-do, Korea. The vaccinates showed negligible change in hematocrit and total RBC count whereas control animals showed significant (p < 0.05) hematological changes and associated anemia. Only 30% of vaccinates required chemotherapy after the experiment was terminated. All control animals required chemotherapy and 25% received blood transfusion. The highest percent parasitized erythrocytes in vaccinated cattle was 0.4% as compared with 3.6% among controls during the month of July. A significant difference (p < 0.05) was observed in the rate of body weight increase. Significant differences were also noted in serum albumin, aspartate aminotransferase, total protein and bilirubin. Significantly more vaccinated cattle maintained normal ranges of hematological and biochemical values as compared with the control group. It is suggested that soluble merozoite T. sergenti antigens may be potential vaccine candidates for developing a genetic vaccine in Korea.

Animals↗