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PubMedDate not supplied

Improving the interactivity and functionality of Web-based radiology teaching files with the Java programming language.

Java is a programming language that runs on a "virtual machine" built into World Wide Web (WWW)-browsing programs on multiple hardware platforms. Web pages were developed with Java to enable Web-browsing programs to overlay transparent graphics and text on displayed images so that the user could control the display of labels and annotations on the images, a key feature not available with standard Web pages. This feature was extended to include the presentation of normal radiologic anatomy. Java programming was also used to make Web browsers compatible with the Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (DICOM) file format. By enhancing the functionality of Web pages, Java technology should provide greater incentive for using a Web-based approach in the development of radiology teaching material.

Computer Communication Networks↗

PubMed2002

PDB Goodies--a web-based GUI to manipulate the Protein Data Bank file.

PDB Goodies is a web-based graphical user interface (GUI) to manipulate the Protein Data Bank file containing the three-dimensional atomic coordinates of protein structures. The program also allows users to save the manipulated three-dimensional atomic coordinate file on their local client system. These fragments are used in various stages of structure elucidation and analysis. This software is incorporated with all the three-dimensional protein structures available in the Protein Data Bank, which presently holds approximately 18 000 structures. In addition, this program works on a three-dimensional atomic coordinate file (Protein Data Bank format) uploaded from the client machine. The program is written using CGI/PERL scripts and is platform independent. The program PDB Goodies can be accessed over the World Wide Web at http://144.16.71.11/pdbgoodies/.

Computer Graphics↗

PubMed1997

Design and implementation of World Wide Web-based tools for image management in computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, and ultrasonography.

This article describes our experience in developing and using several web-based tools to facilitate access to and management of images from inside and outside of our department. Having recently eliminated film in ultrasound, computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), a simple method was required to access imaging from computers already existing throughout the hospital. The success of the World Wide Web (WWW), the familiarity of endusers with web browsers, and the relative ease of developing user interfaces virtually dictated that such an approach be pursued in our case. The resulting web-based tools allow validated users to search our Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (DICOM)-compliant archive servers for specific exams; to download image data from a remote site; to request the retrieval of data from long-term storage; to view images, and to perform certain DICOM routing operations. The existing infrastructure of the internet has allowed us to develop a low-cost system capable of being used for teleradiology. Since low-level, machine-specific interface programming was avoided, these tools were developed rapidly and are easily adapted. The familiarity of browser-based interfaces has facilitated user acceptance, and the benefit of platform independence minimizes software portability concerns.

Computer Communication Networks↗

PubMed2000

A java-based application for differential diagnosis of hematopoietic neoplasms using immunophenotyping by flow cytometry.

We describe the implementation of a Java-based application for differential diagnosis of hematopoietic neoplasms using immunophenotyping by flow cytometry. The current version of this Java applet includes the knowledge-base for 33 hematopoietic neoplasms and 43 diagnostic immunophenotyping markers. Java, a new object-oriented computing language, helps facilitate development of this applet, a platform-independent module that can be implemented on the World Wide Web. As the Web rapidly becomes more accessible to users around the world, Web-based software may eventually form the core of decision-support systems in clinical settings. Java-based applications, such as the one described in this paper, are expected to contribute significantly in this area.

Antigens, CD↗

PubMed2002

Personal health care services through digital television.

Personal health care has obtained increasing importance in the field of health care as the populations' age in the industrialised countries and resources available for health care remain limited. Personal health care through digital television is an exiting possibility in the realisation of new types of services answering to this demand for increased personal action and responsibility in health care. The possibilities of digital television in health care are studied in the Health Care Television (HCTV) research project of the Digital Media Institute at Tampere University of Technology. In this paper personal health care services are studied mainly from the perspective of the interactive service infrastructure of digital television. Firstly we present the general infrastructure of digital television and the different interactive service types of digital television. The usage of these service types in personal health care applications is also discussed. Finally, a web-based application based on chronic atrial fibrillation and its test use is presented. The application is used as a research platform for personal health care applications in digital television.

Anticoagulants↗

PubMed1998

A development environment for knowledge-based medical applications on the World-Wide Web.

The World-Wide Web (WWW) is increasingly being used as a platform to develop distributed applications, particularly in contexts, such as medical ones, where high usability and availability are required. In this paper we propose a methodology for the development of knowledge-based medical applications on the web, based on the use of an explicit domain ontology to automatically generate parts of the system. We describe a development environment, centred on the LISPWEB Common Lisp HTTP server, that supports this methodology, and we show how it facilitates the creation of complex web-based applications, by overcoming the limitations that normally affect the adequacy of the web for this purpose. Finally, we present an outline of a system for the management of diabetic patients built using the LISPWEB environment.

Artificial Intelligence↗

PubMed2003

Design and implementation of a web-based HL7 message generation and validation system.

Health level 7 (HL7) is the standard of electronic data interchange in the health domain. We have developed a web-based message generation and validation system for testing the message format of the data exchange among hospitals and health organizations. Compared with other existing ones, this system has incorporated several novel functions that optimize medical data exchange and helps medical students in learning HL7 messages. When receiving HL7 message from another system with the hypertext transmission protocol or accepting an uploaded HL7 message file, the system shows the validation result through a web browser. In this platform, users may input and edit medical data on-line to test and generate standard HL7 messages. The system supports various data formats and is capable of transforming HL7 messages between the standard delimiter format and the extensible markup language format. This system has been successfully passed our system evaluation among 139 student users for HL7 training. Most of the users agreed that the system is helpful for medical data exchange.

Computer Systems↗

PubMed2001

Web-based Simulation for Contrast Transfer Function and Envelope Functions.

We have implemented a Web-based simulation program for the contrast transfer function and envelope functions in Java and JavaScript. The simulation provides interactive controls of all the parameters in those functions. In addition to the predefined functions, users can easily define new functions that use any of the parameters in the preset functions. The most useful feature of this new simulation program is the convenient, universal accessibility through Web browsers on any computer platform that supports Java, such as Netscape and Internet Explorer.

Journal Article↗

PubMed2026

Understanding and Usefulness of Effect Size and Certainty of Evidence: A Cross-Sectional Survey of Evidence-Based Practice Competencies Among US Registered Dietitians.

INTRODUCTION: Understanding of absolute and relative effect estimates, and determining effect size and certainty of evidence corresponding to effect estimates, represent fundamental evidence-based practice competencies that promote informed clinical decision-making. While research has been conducted in the medical profession, based on our literature review there is no published research on these competencies in the nutrition and dietetics profession. METHODS: Among registered dietitians, our main objectives were to assess (1) their understanding and perceived usefulness of three absolute and two relative effect estimate approaches to determine effect size, (2) their perceived usefulness of certainty of evidence, and (3) factors influencing their understanding and perceived usefulness. We conducted a web-based, cross-sectional survey by recruiting dietitians from the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics (United States). Participants received effect estimates based on hypothetical dietary interventions vs. usual diet for reducing myocardial infarction risk. RESULTS: Of the 11,050 dietitians who received the survey link, 210 participated, and only completers (n = 114) were included in our analysis. Participants demonstrated a similar understanding of the relative (27.6%) and absolute (27.5%) effect estimates, with Risk Difference being the best understood approach and Number Needed to Treat being the least (30.7% vs. 24.6% correct responses). While perceived usefulness scores were similar between five approaches, they were highest when data was presented as Relative Risk [mean (SD): 4.82 (1.50)]. Dietitians rated the usefulness of certainty of evidence favorably [mean (SD): 5.07 (1.83), on a 7-point scale], and no factors were associated with correct understanding. CONCLUSION: Dietitians may have limited understanding of effect size thresholds presented in our survey, a finding mostly consistent with surveys of other health professionals. To optimize informed decision-making between dietitians and clients, dietetic programs and continuing education platforms should consider additional training on effect estimate approaches (relative and absolute), and determining effect sizes and certainty of evidence for effect estimates.

Clinical nutrition↗

PubMed1999

ORBIT: an integrated environment for user-customized bioinformatics tools.

MOTIVATION: There are a large number of computational programs freely available to bioinformaticians via a client/server, web-based environment. However, the client interface to these tools (typically an html form page) cannot be customized from the client side as it is created by the service provider. The form page is usually generic enough to cater for a wide range of users. However, this implies that a user cannot set as 'default' advanced program parameters on the form or even customize the interface to his/her specific requirements or preferences. Currently, there is a lack of end-user interface environments that can be modified by the user when accessing computer programs available on a remote server running on an intranet or over the Internet. RESULTS: We have implemented a client/server system called ORBIT (Online Researcher's Bioinformatics Interface Tools) where individual clients can have interfaces created and customized to command-line-driven, server-side programs. Thus, Internet-based interfaces can be tailored to a user's specific bioinformatic needs. As interfaces are created on the client machine independent of the server, there can be different interfaces to the same server-side program to cater for different parameter settings. The interface customization is relatively quick (between 10 and 60 min) and all client interfaces are integrated into a single modular environment which will run on any computer platform supporting Java. The system has been developed to allow for a number of future enhancements and features. ORBIT represents an important advance in the way researchers gain access to bioinformatics tools on the Internet.

Computational Biology↗

PubMed2019

Pediatric Cancer Variant Pathogenicity Information Exchange (PeCanPIE): a cloud-based platform for curating and classifying germline variants.

Variant interpretation in the era of massively parallel sequencing is challenging. Although many resources and guidelines are available to assist with this task, few integrated end-to-end tools exist. Here, we present the Pediatric Cancer Variant Pathogenicity Information Exchange (PeCanPIE), a web- and cloud-based platform for annotation, identification, and classification of variations in known or putative disease genes. Starting from a set of variants in variant call format (VCF), variants are annotated, ranked by putative pathogenicity, and presented for formal classification using a decision-support interface based on published guidelines from the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics (ACMG). The system can accept files containing millions of variants and handle single-nucleotide variants (SNVs), simple insertions/deletions (indels), multiple-nucleotide variants (MNVs), and complex substitutions. PeCanPIE has been applied to classify variant pathogenicity in cancer predisposition genes in two large-scale investigations involving >4000 pediatric cancer patients and serves as a repository for the expert-reviewed results. PeCanPIE was originally developed for pediatric cancer but can be easily extended for use for nonpediatric cancers and noncancer genetic diseases. Although PeCanPIE's web-based interface was designed to be accessible to non-bioinformaticians, its back-end pipelines may also be run independently on the cloud, facilitating direct integration and broader adoption. PeCanPIE is publicly available and free for research use.

Child↗

PubMed1998

Web-based digital radiology teaching file: facilitating case input at time of interpretation.

OBJECTIVE: Our goal was to develop a software system that allows easy and rapid input of digital radiology images and text reports, at the time of interpretation, into an easily searchable electronic teaching file database using the Internet and the World-Wide Web protocols, servers, and browsers. CONCLUSION: Using the Internet, the World-Wide Web, and our software system, we can rapidly input digital radiology images and associated text reports into an easily searchable database accessed by privileged users. This inexpensive and simple method for building a digital teaching file database allows cross-platform access for users who have a Web browser.

Computer Communication Networks↗

PubMed2003

Web-based image review and data acquisition for multiinstitutional research.

OBJECTIVE: In this article, we describe a user-friendly Web-based interface that allows review of images combined with integrated data collection and entry for use at multiple sites involved in a large multicenter research project. CONCLUSION: The Web-based system that we present uses a commercially available Internet browser and Web platform and allows automated data entry that can be easily uploaded into standard data analysis programs. The system simplifies the complex logistics of using multiple sites and reviewers for radiology research and can preserve human subject confidentiality. We tested the system using a large-scale multicenter cohort study of pelvic fracture-related hemorrhage (the "Evaluating Pelvic Hemorrhage" study). Program testing revealed seamless remote image interpretation and data acquisition.

Biomedical Research↗

PubMed2026

MyGeneRisk Colon: A Web-Based Tool for Personalized Colorectal Cancer Risk Prediction Based on Genetics and Lifestyle.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a leading cause of cancer-related death, with incidence rising substantially among individuals under 50 years of age. Polygenic risk scores (PRS) hold promise for identifying high-risk individuals; when combined with lifestyle factors, they substantially improve prediction accuracy compared with models based on lifestyle factors alone. However, few clinical tools currently exist that facilitate this integrated, PRS-enhanced risk assessment. To bridge this gap, we developed MyGeneRisk Colo n, a publicly accessible web portal that delivers individualized CRC risk prediction by incorporating genetic, demographic, family history, and lifestyle factors. This paper details the development of the underlying risk prediction model, the portal's architecture and data security, our reporting framework, and engagement with a community advisory panel. Designed as a user-friendly platform, MyGeneRisk Colon aims to effectively communicate personalized CRC risk profiles and educate users and healthcare providers about prevention strategies.

Journal Article↗

PubMed1999

Computer-based oral health records on the World Wide Web.

Recently, the World Wide Web has emerged as a platform for computer-based oral health records. Web-based patient records can make teledentistry an instant reality. Because an increasing number of dental care providers can access Web pages, traditional barriers to exchanging information are dropping. Web-based records also make cumulative, longitudinal patient records possible. Sophisticated security mechanisms can ensure the integrity and confidentiality of patient information. Because Web-based systems are simpler to install and configure, the cost of operating them may be reduced. However, their development is complex, difficult, and expensive because the Web was not developed as a programming environment. Furthermore, the technologies underlying the Web are constantly evolving, forcing developers to continuously reengineer their systems. In addition, several policy questions, such as storage of and access to computer-based patient records, have to be answered. This article describes CMSWeb, a Web-based clinical information system implemented at Temple University School of Dentistry.

Computer Security↗

PubMed2000

A Web-based, secure, light weight clinical multimedia data capture and display system.

Computer-based patient records are traditionally composed of textual data. Integration of multimedia data has been historically slow. Multimedia data such as image, audio, and video have been traditionally more difficult to handle. An implementation of a clinical system for multimedia data is discussed. The system implementation uses Java, Secure Socket Layer (SSL), and Oracle 8i. The system is on top of the Internet so it is architectural independent, cross-platform, cross-vendor, and secure. Design and implementations issues are discussed.

Computer Security↗

PubMed2001

Integrated web-based viewing and secure remote access to a clinical data repository and diverse clinical systems.

The advent of the World-Wide-Web protocols and client-server technology has made it easy to build low-cost, user-friendly, platform-independent graphical user interfaces to health information systems and to integrate the presentation of data from multiple systems. The authors describe a Web interface for a clinical data repository (CDR) that was moved from concept to production status in less than six months using a rapid prototyping approach, multi-disciplinary development team, and off-the-shelf hardware and software. The system has since been expanded to provide an integrated display of clinical data from nearly 20 disparate information systems.

Computer Graphics↗

PubMed1995

Cross-platform hypermedia examinations on the Web.

The authors developed a multiple-choice medical testing system delivered using the World Wide Web. It evolved from an older, single-platform, locally-developed computer-based examination. The old system offered a number of advantages over traditional paper-based examinations, such as digital graphics and quicker, easier scoring. The new system builds on these advantages with its true cross-platform design and the addition of hypertext learning responses. The benefits of this system will increase as more medical educational resources migrate to the Web. Faculty and student feedback has been positive. The authors encourage other institutions to experiment with Web-based teaching materials, including examinations.

Clinical Clerkship↗