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PubMed2004

Role of the fuel utilized by tissues on coronary vessel response to physical stimuli in isolated rat hearts.

In isolated rat hearts which can or cannot utilize fatty acids (FA) as substrates the coronary responses to an increase in flow were studied under three different conditions: a) control, during perfusion with glucose-enriched Tyrode solution which allowed the hearts to utilize long-chain FA from the endogenous pool, b) during forced utilization of glucose obtained with oxfenicine, an inhibitor of long-chain FA oxidation, and c) during restored utilization of FA obtained with the addition of hexanoic acid which bypasses the blockade induced by oxfenicine. A step increase in coronary flow (50 %) induced an increase in coronary perfusion pressure whose initial slope (first 60-80 s) was similar in all the conditions of buffer perfusion, thereafter the pressure tended to further increase under control conditions (buffer a), but to decrease during oxfenicine (buffer b). The addition of hexanoic acid to the perfusion solution (buffer c) abolished the effect of oxfenicine. Steady-state conditions were reached after four minutes of increased flow, when perfusion pressure increased by about 70 and 65 % under control conditions and during hexanoate, respectively, but only by 45 % during oxfenicine. In isolated rat hearts during inhibition of FA utilization, an increase in flow elicited a reduced increase in perfusion pressure that resulted in delayed coronary dilation. It follows that the resulting shear stress is substrate-sensitive.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Effect of graduated embolization of the coronary vessels using microspheres on the pumping function and contractility of the left ventricle in rats].

Left ventricle (LV) function and systemic hemodynamic changes after coronary artery embolization by 15 microns radioactive microspheres were studied in anesthetized rats. Selective coronary embolization was produced by microsphere injection during ascending aorta occlusion in closed chest animal by using "L"-shaped wire. Maximal pressure (Pmax) developed was evaluated during ascending aorta occlusion. Coronary embolization evoked dose-dependent reduction in Pmax and dP/dtmax and then decrease in basal LV systolic pressure. dP/dt/P, with parallel increase in end diastolic LV pressure. Changes of cardiac output were bidirectional: after administration of relatively small amount of microspheres cardiac output increased. This method can be used for producing quantitative myocardial ischemia and we suggest that it may be a suitable model of the chronic heart failure.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

[Coronary vessel dilatation using guided balloon catheters. Experiences with the first 100 dilatations in stable and unstable angina pectoris].

Between April and December 1983 100 transluminal coronary dilatations in 98 patients were performed using new steerable balloon catheter systems. The primary success rate (diameter enlargement greater than 20%) overall was 87%, in stenoses of the anterior interventricular branch 88.1% (59 out of 67 interventions), in stenoses of the right coronary artery 88.9% (16 out of 18), and in circumflex branch stenoses 84.6% (11 out of 13). Within the first 50 interventions the success rate was 80%. Among the second 50 cases it was improved to 94%, mainly due to the increasing experience of the investigators. Emergency bypass operations had to be performed in two patients in whom coronary vascular occlusion had occurred. No patient died and in only one a small infarction occurred, probably due to occlusion of a side branch with an increase of creatine kinase to a maximum of 120 U/l. These figures show that steerable balloon systems clearly improve the primary success rate despite broadening of indications and diminish serious complications.

Adult↗