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At least 721 records · Page 40Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Defective colour vision can impede information acquisition from redundantly colour-coded video displays.

Earlier findings showed that redundant colour coding decreased response times and reduced errors in carrying out various tasks that required information acquisition from the video display of an electronic flight instrument system. The results of this experiment showed that observers with defective colour vision have slower response times and higher error rates than normal observers for some of the tasks and that their performance is similar to that of colour-normal observers for a monochrome display. However, they were not disadvantaged when blue was used to colour code the target feature. Protanopes were shown to be especially disadvantaged in responding to a red 'fail' message.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

Spatio-temporal selectivity of loss of colour and luminance contrast sensitivity with multiple sclerosis and optic neuritis.

Colour and luminance-contrast thresholds were measured in the presence of dynamic Random Luminance-contrast Masking (RLM) in individuals who had had past diagnoses of optic neuritis (ON) some of whom have progressed to a diagnosis of multiple sclerosis (MS). To explore the spatio-temporal selectivity of chromatic and luminance losses in MS/ON, thresholds were measured using three different sizes and modulation rates of the RLM displays: small checks modulating slowly, medium-sized checks with moderate modulation and large checks modulating rapidly. The colour of the chromatic stimuli used were specified in a cone-excitation space to measure relative impairments in red-green and blue-yellow chromatic channels. These observers showed chromatic thresholds along the L/(L+M) axis that were higher than those along the S-cone axis for all display sizes/modulation rates and both red-green and blue-yellow colour thresholds were higher than luminance-contrast thresholds. The principal change in thresholds with spatio-temporal changes in the display was a reduction in thresholds for L/(L+M) and S-cones with increasing check size and modulation rate. However, luminance contrast thresholds did not change with display size/rate. These results are consistent with MS/ON selectively affecting processing in colour pathways rather than in the magnocellular pathway, and that within the colour pathways neurones with opposed L- and M-cone inputs are more damaged than colour-opponent neurons with input from S-cones.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

Color vision but not visual attention is altered in migraine.

OBJECTIVE: To examine visual search performance in migraine and headache-free control groups and to determine whether reports of selective color vision deficits in migraine occur preattentively. BACKGROUND: Visual search is a classic technique to measure certain components of visual attention. The technique can be manipulated to measure both preattentive (automatic) and attentive processes. Here, visual search for colored targets was employed to extend earlier reports that the detection or discrimination of colors selective for the short-wavelength sensitive cone photoreceptors in the retina (S or "blue" cones) is impaired in migraine. METHOD: Visual search performance for small and large color differences was measured in 34 migraine and 34 control participants. Small and large color differences were included to assess attentive and preattentive processing, respectively. In separate conditions, colored stimuli were chosen that would be detected selectively by either the S-, or by the long- (L or "red") and middle (M or "green")-wavelength sensitive cone photoreceptors. RESULTS: The results showed no preattentive differences between the migraine and control groups. For active, or attentive, search, differences between the migraine and control groups occurred for colors detected by the S-cones only, there were no differences for colors detected by the L- and M-cones. The migraine group responded significantly more slowly than the control group for the S-cone colors. CONCLUSIONS: The pattern of results indicates that there are no overall differences in search performance between migraine and control groups. The differences found for the S-cone colors are attributed to impaired discrimination of these colors in migraine and not to differences in attention.

Attention↗