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At least 721 records · Page 40Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Antagonism of neuromuscular block in the elderly. A comparison of atropine and glycopyrronium in a mixture with neostigmine.

Glycopyrronium 10 micrograms/kg has been compared with atropine 20 micrograms/kg in a mixture with neostigmine 50 micrograms/kg administered for antagonism of residual nondepolarising neuromuscular block in patients over 65 years of age. The initial peak increase in heart rate was less after glycopyrronium, but there were no differences beyond the first two minutes. The incidence of dysrhythmias was less after glycopyrronium but the difference was not significant. The control of secretions was superior with glycopyrronium. It is suggested that the dosage of anticholinergic agents given with neostigmine could be reduced in elderly patients in comparison to that in younger patients.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1979

Cardiovascular changes during induction of anaesthesia. Influence of three anticholinergic premedicants.

The effects on cardiovascular changes during induction of anaesthesia and intubation of routine premedication with three different anticholinergic drugs, atropine, hyoscine, and glycopyrronium, were compared in a double blind trial. Administration of both atropine and hyoscine, whether intramuscularly or orally, was found to be associated with a high incidence of dysrhythmias. With glycopyrronium the incidence was much lower, but control patients receiving no anticholinergic premedication had no dysrhythmias. The heart rates and blood pressures were similar in all the groups during intubation and cuff inflation. A single dose of suxamethonium was not associated with any bradycardia. The need for routine anticholinergic drug administration should be reconsidered. However, if necessary, glycopyrronium appears to have an obvious advantage over atropine and hyoscine.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Pirenzepine selectively inhibits gastric acid secretion: a comparative pharmacological study between pirenzepine and seven other antiacetylcholine drugs.

Intravenous doses of eight antiacetylcholine drugs reduced gastric acid secretion in the rat and caused pupil dilatation in the mouse. Inhibition by these drugs of oxotremorine-induced hypothermia in mice was also assessed. The ratio, ED50 (pupil dilatation)/ED50 (gastric acid inhibition), was greater (more favourable) for pirenzepine and oxyphencyclimine than for atropine, benzhexol, glycopyrronium, isopropamide, poldine or propantheline. However, oxyphencyclimine antagonised central oxotremorine activity at all doses having more gastric inhibitory activity. Pirenzepine is a peripheral antiacetylcholine drug more selective for reducing gastric acid secretion than for increasing pupil diameter and with little central antiacetylcholine effect.

Acetylcholine↗