PubMed Health⌕ Search

SEARCH · PubMed Health

Results for “IONTOPHORESIS”

Explore indexed PubMed citations for clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health research. Read source abstracts and follow each citation to its original PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 721 records · Page 40Linked to original sources
PubMed1979

Iontophoresis of Li+ antagonizes noradrenergic synaptic inhibition of rat cerebellar Purkinje cells.

Li salts provide effective therapy for manic-depressive psychosis, but the site and mechanism of this effect are not known. We have tested the ability of Li, applied by microiontophoresis, to modify the responsiveness of rat cerebellar Purkinje neurons to iontophoretic applications of norepinephrine and gamma-aminobutyrate and to the inhibition produced by stimulation of the noradrenergic ceruleo-cerebellar pathway. As previously reported for rat hippocampal neurons, acute exposure to Li produces selective, reversible antagonism of the effects of norepinephrine and the noradrenergic pathway but does not affect inhibitory actions of gamma-aminobutyrate. Collectively, these selective antagonisms of noradrenergic sympatic inhibitions in the cerebellum and hippocampus may indicate a general effect of Li suitable for extended observations in rats exposed to Li for the chronic periods needed to achieve therapeutic effects in man.

Animals↗
PubMed2003

Tolerance of ocular iontophoresis in healthy volunteers.

To evaluate ocular tolerance, healthy volunteers were iontophoresed transclerally using novel OcuPhor trade mark hydrogel drug delivery applicators filled with balanced salt solution. In this three-period crossover study in 24 male and female subjects, 16 subjects received 0 mA and two of the following DC currents: 0.1, 0.5., 1.0, 2.0, 3.0, or 4.0 mA for 20 min; 6 subjects received 3 mA for 20 min and 1.5 mA for 40 min (both equivalent to 60 mAmin total charge). Safety and tolerance were determined by subjective VAS and objective ophthalmic assessments. Subjects were evaluated before and up to 22 hr after dosing. The applicators were well-tolerated and no clinically significant changes in symptomology or in ophthalmic assessments were seen following exposure to 0-3.0 mA for 20 min or 1.5 mA for 40 min. At 4.0 mA 2 of 4 subjects reported a burning sensation under the applicator during dosing which resolved by 22 hr post-dose; superficial changes in fluorescein staining were observed at 1 hr, but not at 22 hr. The OcuPhor trade mark system has promise for noninvasive drug delivery to the eye.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Unitary distance of actin-myosin sliding studied using an in vitro force-movement assay system combined with ATP iontophoresis.

To obtain information about the mechanism of ATP-dependent actin-myosin sliding responsible for muscle contraction, we studied the "unitary" distance of sliding between a myosin-coated glass microneedle and actin filament arrays (actin cables) in a giant algal cell induced by iontophoretic application of ATP, attention being focused on the minimum distance of ATP-induced sliding when the amount of applied ATP was gradually decreased in the presence of hexokinase and D-glucose. The number of myosin heads interacting with actin cables was reduced to less than 100, as judged from the maximal force Po (approximately 100 pN) generated by myosin heads on the needle in the presence of 2 mM ATP. When the amount of iontophoretically applied ATP was decreased by reducing the amount of charge passed through the ATP electrode from 80 to 2 nC, the distance of ATP-induced actin-myosin sliding decreased almost linearly from approximately 100 to approximately 10 nm, no detectable actin-myosin sliding being observed with further reduction of the charge passed through the electrode. The amount of external load exerted by the bent microneedle was less than 1% of Po for the sliding distance < 50 nm. The actin-myosin sliding distances with a small amount of ATP slightly above the amount required to induce the minimum sliding distance were distributed around integral multiples of 10 nm, suggesting that the unitary distance of actin-myosin sliding coupled with ATP hydrolysis is of the order of 10 nm.

Actins↗