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At least 721 records · Page 40Linked to original sources
PubMed1975

[Osteomalcaia and chronic pancreatis. 5 cases].

The authors report five cases of an association between osteomalacia and chronic calcifying pancreatitis. The pancreatic involvement, which was pain-free in four patients, resulted in all cases in enzyme insufficiency with steatorrhoea. The deficiency-type osteopathy was highly vitamin sensitive. Aetiological study of these cases of osteomalacia revealed the constant presence of factors aggravating the vitamin deficiency, playing a role by increasing deficient intake or malabsorption, or by increasing Vitamin D requirements. It thus appears that hypovitaminosis D alone, of particular severity, was sufficient to result in the appearance of clinically evident osteomalacia. Such a vitamin deficiency, necessary when the intestinal mucosa is intact, is only rarely encountered, which accounts for the extreme rarity of osteomalacia in association with chronic pancreatic disorders.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

[Benign retroperitoneal schwannoma: report of three cases].

Schwannoma is a tumour arising from Schwann cells. It has a variable presentation and its preoperative diagnosis is difficult. Retroperitoneal schwannoma is an exceptional site. Although the great majority of schwannomas are benign, malignant forms also exist, frequently associated with Von Recklinghausen syndrome (4% of cases) or other neurofibromatoses. The authors report three cases of benign retroperitoneal schwannoma discovered in a context of low back pain, altered bowel habit or incidentally, The frequency, diagnosis, imaging and treatment of this rare tumour are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

The -33T-->C polymorphism in intron 7 of the TFPI gene influences the risk of venous thromboembolism, independently of the factor V Leiden and prothrombin mutations.

We have previously identified, in intron 7 of the TFPI gene, a T to C single-base polymorphism (-33T-->C) which is strongly associated with total circulating TFPI antigen levels. Here we examined the influence of this polymorphism on the risk of venous thromboembolism. The polymorphism was identified in the PATHROS study population (330 cases with venous thromboembolism and 826 controls). The CC genotype was found in 6.4% of cases and 10.2% of controls (age-adjusted odds ratio 0.6; 95% CI 0.3-0.9; p = 0.03). This protective effect persisted after adjustment for oral contraception and the factor V Leiden and prothrombin gene polymorphisms. In 171 controls and 49 cases in whom blood was taken at least three months after the thrombotic event, the CC genotype was associated with significantly higher total TFPI levels than the TT genotype. These results suggest that the CC genotype of the TFPI intron 7 polymorphism is an independent protective factor for venous thromboembolism, an effect probably mediated by increased TFPI levels.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The first case of distomatosis in Upper Volta].

Distomatosis was not reported in Upper-Volta before this first case described in Bobo-Dioulasso. However this disease becomes more frequent in West Africa. Exact parasitologic diagnosis was impossible between Paragonimus and Poïchilorchis congolensis with the clinical, anatomical data of this first observation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2002

[Gemcitabine and pancreatic cancer].

The late diagnosis of pancreatic cancer, at a locally advanced and metastatic stage explains in part its poor prognosis. In this situation, three phase II trials with gemcitabine, a synthetic analogue of deoxycytidine, yielded some interesting results in terms of tolerance and efficiency. A new concept has also been depicted: the clinical benefit (defined by the level of pain, the consumption of analgesics and the general condition of the patient). These trials led to the realization of a randomized phase III study including 126 patients. The study compared the use of gemcitabine, in monotherapy, with fluoro-uracil (5FU), the standard form of treatment. There was evidence of clinical benefit in 23.8% of the patients treated with gemcitabine compared to only 4.8% of those receiving 5FU. The median and the overall survival at one year were significantly higher for the patients treated with gemcitabine (5.65 months and 18% respectively, versus 4.41 months and 2% for 5FU). The tolerance profile of gemcitabine was favourable. These have been confirmed by a large compassionate study undertaken in the United States, led by Storniolo, with more than 3,000 patients. Used in monotherapy, gemcitabine thus obtained authorization in 1996 to be released in the United States and in 1998 in Europe, to be used in the case of locally advanced or metastatic adenocarcinoma of the pancreas as first line chemotherapy. The administration regimen is 1,000 mg/m2 once a week (30 minutes i.v. infusion), for 7 weeks out of 8, then 3 weeks out of 4 in consecutive cycles. It is currently considered as the standard chemotherapy in this situation. Trials have been carried out to optimize the scheme for the administration of gemcitabine by lengthening its perfusion time. Current studies are now also being directed towards an association between gemcitabine and other cytotoxics, like cisplatinum or oxaliplatin.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed2003

Developing transgenic Arabidopsis plants to be metal-specific bioindicators.

Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) microarrays provide a means to assess genome-wide expression patterns after exposure of an organism to different xenobiotics. Potential uses for this technology include identification of unknown toxicants, assessment of toxicity of new compounds, and characterization of the cellular mechanisms of toxicant action. Here we describe another use of DNA microarrays in toxicant-specific gene discovery. Combining results from two DNA microarray experiments, we have identified genes from the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana that are induced in response to one but not other heavy metals. The promoters of these genes should be useful in developing metal-specific transgenic biomonitors. To test this idea, we have fused the promoter of one of the newly identified Ni-inducible genes (AHB1) to the beta-glucuronidase (GUS) reporter gene. Arabidopsis plants containing the AHBI::GUS transgene show reporter gene activity when they are grown on media containing Ni but not when grown on media containing Cd, Cu, Zn, or without added metals. Thus, this approach has resulted in the creation of a transgenic strain of Arabidopsis that can report on the presence and concentration of Ni in plant growth media. Such transgenic models can serve as cheap and efficient biomonitors of bioavailable heavy metal contamination in soils and sediments.

Biological Availability↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Encapsulation of a lipid precursor, the eicosapentaenoic acid, to study the development of the Crassostrea gigas oyster flavours.

The present study is part of a larger project whose aim is to understand how the oyster Crassostrea gigas develops its aromas from a lipid precursor, the eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), in glyceride form. The objective of this study is, therefore, to prepare an encapsulation process that will enable the bivalve to be supplied with this lipid precursor. The complex coacervation method was chosen as it gave the best compatible microcapsules with respect to the nutritional aspects of oyster (i.e. digestibility) and the environmental constraints (i.e. behaviour and stability in seawater). The aim of this study is to manufacture and optimize a process of complex coacervation, to obtain capsules made of gelatin and acacia gum with a size under 100 microm in diameter and containing very small drops of cod liver oil (rich in EPA). The preservation of these microcapsules in seawater has been confirmed.

Acacia↗
PubMed2003

[Treatment of pemphigus vulgaris by azathioprine and low doses of prednisone (Lever scheme)].

INTRODUCTION: The so-called "Lever scheme" therapeutic regimen has been proposed in the borderline forms of pemphigus to reduce the side effects of systemic corticosteroids. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A retrospective study was conducted in 8 hospital centers. The criteria for inclusion were the clinical diagnosis of pemphigus, confirmed by histological examination and direct immunofluorescence and first line therapy using the "Lever scheme" protocol, combining 40 mg of prednisone on alternate days and 100 mg/day of azathioprine. RESULTS: Twenty-two patients, seen between January 1990 and December 2000 were included in the study. Eighteen patients (82 p. 100) exhibited complete healing of their cutaneous-buccal lesions after a mean delay of 4.3 months. The lesions of 4 patients did not heal. Three of these patients died: a bed-ridden patient, a patient exhibiting a metastatic bronchial carcinoma and a hypertensive patient who died following a hemorrhagic cerebral vascular accident. Twelve patients (54 p. 100) were weaned off treatment after a mean duration of 2.9 years. Five severe adverse events were observed: one pneumonia, 2 unbalanced diabetes, one hepatitis and one pulmonary embolism. DISCUSSION: This study showed that the healing of the cutaneous-buccal lesions was obtained using the "Lever scheme" in 18 cases out of 22 (82 p. 100). The delay to healing was relatively long in view of the delayed effect of azathioprine. This limits the use of the "Lever scheme" protocol to non-extensive and/or early stage pemphigus. The severe adverse events occurred in low-weight patients in whom the dose related to weight was the highest. Hence the doses of azathioprine and prednisone should be adapted to patients' body weight.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

[Evaluation of the visual function in employees working with computers].

PURPOSE: To evaluate the effects of long-term work with computer monitor on the accommodation, convergence, stereopsis, near and distant visual acuity. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The studies of the accommodation, convergence, stereopsis, near and distant visual acuity have been performed in 50 employees working with the computer 6.5 hours daily, 5-6 days weekly and 5 to 12 years. The same studies have been performed in 50 white-collar workers, who had no contact with the computer in their work. RESULTS: No changes in the accommodation, convergence, stereopsis, near and distant visual acuity have been found in the employees in both studies groups. CONCLUSION: Long-term work with the computer monitor does not cause changes in the visual function of the employees. Reported changes are probably cause by the visual fatigue associated with the near work, and not by the direct influence of the computer monitor.

Accommodation, Ocular↗
PubMed2003

[Evaluation of non-enhanced spiral CT in the assessment of renal colic: prospective series of 81 patients].

OBJECTIVE: For many years, intravenous urography has been the first-line investigation for renal colic. Since the middle of the 1990s, non-enhanced spiral CT has become a more efficient, less invasive and less expensive alternative to IVU. The aim of this study was to compare non-enhanced spiral CT and IVU in the assessment of renal colic and to evaluate the possibility of exclusive CT assessment in this disease. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Prospective study including 81 patients all undergoing urgent non-enhanced spiral CT, while the first 30 patients were investigated by non-enhanced spiral CT and IVU. RESULTS: Comparison of IVU versus CT: better sensitivity of CT for the diagnosis of renal colic (96% vs 92%) and for the detection of stones (95% vs 59%). CT diagnosis: A definitive diagnosis of renal colic was established in 72/81 patients: stone visualized in 64 cases and post colic syndrome in 8 cases, while the other 9 patients presented a non-urological abdominal disease. DISCUSSION: Comparison of our series with results reported in the literature confirms the superiority of CT over IVU with better visualization of the stone at a lower cost, with a shorter examination time, without injection and allowing the detection of non-urological disease. Analysis of CT signs emphasizes the importance of secondary signs for the diagnosis of renal colic (dilatation, perirenal or ureteric oedema, rim sign). Delayed excretion demonstrated by IVU and not directly evaluable by non-enhanced CT is no longer an argument in favour of IVU as first-line examination for the assessment of renal colic. CONCLUSION: The superiority of CT for the diagnosis of renal colic has now been demonstrated. Renal colic can now be assessed exclusively by first-line non-enhanced helical CT. IVU or contrast-enhanced CT may be indicated in rare cases when there is a doubt about the diagnosis on non-enhanced CT.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

[Exanthema].

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMed2003

[Perianal abcess in infant].

INTRODUCTION: Perianal abcess and fistula-in-ano are particular when happening in infants of less than 1 year of age. A congenital abnormality of crypts of Morgagni may be at the origin of the disease. There is no evidence for predisposing condition at this age. CASE REPORT: A 7-week-old boy had a painful swollen perianal lesion suggesting the presence of perianal abcess. Biological tests did not show any neutropenia nor inflammatory syndrome. The infant was admitted to the surgical center to undergo a perianal abcess drainage. During the intervention, no fistula was found. No recurrence was observed. DISCUSSION: Perianal abcess and/or fistula-in-ano are relatively common conditions in infants of less than 1 year of age. This disease is suspected to originate from anal cryptitis, which will later form a perianal abcess. Androgen excess during the foetal stage could be the cause of the formation of abnormal crypts of Morgagni, which encourages cryptitis and abcess formation. In childhood some predisposing factors can exist, as immunodeficiency or colopathy. On the opposite, a predisposing condition is rare in infancy. Twenty-eight to 85 per cent of infants with perianal abcess may progress to form a fistula. The usual treatment of perianal abcess is incision and drainage; it may be completed by fistulotomy or fistulectomy. The antibiotherapy is not systematic. The identification of the corresponding crypt may be important to avoid recurrence. On the opposite, a recent prospective study proposes a non operative management of perianal abcess and fistula-in-ano in healthy infants.

Abscess↗
PubMed1992

[Inhibition by pentoxifylline of procoagulant activity produced by endotoxin-active monocytes].

When appropriately stimulated, monocytes are able to initiate blood coagulation through the membrane expression of tissue factor. This procoagulant activity is thought to play a role in activating coagulation in response to inflammatory stimuli in vivo. We found that pentoxifylline, a methylxanthine derivative already reported to regulate some monocyte functions, inhibits the procoagulant activity developed by monocytes in vitro in response to endotoxin. This effect was accompanied by an early increase in intracellular levels of cyclic AMP and was mimicked by compounds that induce an increase in cyclic AMP levels. These results suggest that the suppressive effect of pentoxifylline occurs at least in part via an increase in intracellular cyclic AMP levels.

1-Methyl-3-isobutylxanthine↗