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PubMed1980

[Psychosomatic aspects of expert judgement in gastro-intestinal disease (author's transl)].

Psychosomatic aspects in expert judgement about gastro-intestinal disease are important in regard to 3 particular problems: (1) establishing physical fitness for prison confinement, (2) establishing causal relationships between disease and military service, (3) judging the fitness for work, when annuities are demanded from the state insurance agencies. The point last mentioned is most important nowadays and is discussed therefore in more detail.

Disability Evaluation↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Psychosomatic aspects of rheumatic diseases].

The spectrum of rheumatic diseases includes syndromes characterized solely by musculoskeletal pain and discomfort. Indeed, muskuloskeletal pain and dysfunction are experienced by almost everyone in the course of a lifetime. The rheumatic syndromes are diverse and often of unclear etiology. For many years, psychosomatic theories have been advanced as an attempt at explanation, especially in the case of chronic polyarthritis. This article discusses the meaning of risk factors viewed as relevant to the course of back pain syndromes in particular. Therapeutic and rehabilitative-psychological interventions for comprehensive treatment of chronic rheumatic pain-patients are presented, and the necessity for a well-coordinated psychosomatic-interdisciplinary approach is emphasized.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1998

[From psychosomatic disorder to autoimmune disease--50 years urticaria and Quincke edema].

While the hereditary angioneurotic edema is a rare but serious disorder 10 to 25% of the population experience urticaria during a lifetime. Urticaria is for the patient a very impressive disease. He therefore has a great desire to know its cause. In acute urticaria this is usually possible since drugs or specific foods are the most common triggers. In chronic urticaria the search for a cause is much more difficult and successful only in 20 to 30% of cases. Over the past years it has been proven that about 30% of patients with chronic urticaria have antibodies against the high affinity Fc-receptor of mast cells. Thus a fraction of patients with chronic urticaria formerly often associated with psychosomatic illness suffer in fact from an autoimmune disorder.

Angioedema↗
PubMed1987

Concept of alexithymia. II. The consistency of alexithymia.

The stability of alexithymia in acute and nonacute disease was studied in 69 patients with 'psychosomatic' digestive disease and in 47 control patients. Methods used were the Beth Israel Hospital Questionnaire, Lazare's Personality Test, and the Rorschach Test. Subjects were interviewed to assess their somatic well-being and the psychological meaning of the illness. Three different alexithymia groups were found. The first consisted of the nonalexithymic patients who scored low in both testings and who seemed to be 'average persons' in the light of personality tests. The second comprised the patients who developed alexithymia as a reaction to illness. They had good cognitive control but a tendency to hypochondriac worry. The last consisted of patients whose alexithymia decreased during an acute disease. They were egocentric and rigid personalities who enjoyed being ill because they then felt that they were loved and noticed. This division was found to be independent of the patients' medical diagnosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[Inflammatory intestinal diseases from the organic and psychosomatic viewpoint].

The importance of psychiatric factors in Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis is well recognized. This fact is demonstrated with two characteristic medical histories based on the psychoanalytic interview. The question of vicissitudes of symptoms following proctocolectomy is discussed on the basis of own investigations. The last part of the paper shows problems of patients with permanent colo- and ileostomy.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Psychosomatic factors in coronary heart disease.

The concept of the "coronary personality" has been part of the clinical tradition since the turn of this century. Certain salient psychological features have now been extracted from the numerous studies; many of these are probably secondary to the somatic disease. Acute and chronic life stress seem to be associated more reliably with coronary events, and a definite behaviour pattern -- closely related with the traditional "coronary personality" and characterized particularly by hostile competitiveness -- appears to lead frequently to coronary heart disease. From the physiological mechanisms involved in this psychosomatic process those accounted for by the responses of the sympathetic nervous system seem to be most important. Certain therapeutic implications are presently under clinical evaluation particularly in the field of secondary prevention.

Coronary Disease↗
PubMed1997

[Chronic fatigue syndrome--a disease entity or an unspecified psychosomatic disorder?].

In spite of its nature as an often severe and disabeling disease, it is still unclear, whether the Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (CFS) is an entire disease of its own right or not. Moreover, there is a growing evidence that patients with CFS belong to an inhomogeneous group with different etiologic constellations. Specific somatic factors, e.g. viruses, seem to be less important for onset than certain personality-traits like depressiveness and workaholism. These traits lead to an increased vulnerability to unspecific psychological or biological stressors that may cause chronic fatigue by complex psychosomatic interferences. Concerning diagnosis, there are no specific methods or results available, the same is true for pharmacological treatment. As a consequence, practitioners should be aware not to miss a somatic disease causing fatigue, and, parallel to this, start right from the beginning talking about the psychosomatic background of CFS. Furthermore, psychotherapy has shown to be effective in CFS.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMed1994

[Psychosomatic aspects in dermatology].

The study presents a review about the influence of psychical factors in dermatology and their participation in origination of psychosomatic skin diseases. The skin is the visibly organ which reflects psychosomatic influences, and displays acute sensation processes. Psychical factors participate in origination of skin disease, their course and eventual recurrence. (Ref. 15.)

Humans↗
PubMed1964

SYNDROME SHIFT.

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Disease↗