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Results for “RESIDENTIAL TREATMENT”

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PubMed1983

Group home designs for initiating community-based treatment with mentally retarded adolescent offenders.

Increasingly, mentally retarded adolescent offenders are being diverted into community-based residential treatment. Thus, many of these aggressive youths, who would previously have been institutionalized are now diverted into available group home settings. Implementing restrictive aspects of treatment regimens with this population frequently evokes intense escape/avoidance behaviors which cannot be controlled at those open sites. As a result, in traditional group homes these adolescents readily avoid therapy, run away recurrently, and thus pose serious risks to themselves and the community. The authors describe two secure group home designs which seem to promote consistent treatment of this difficult population, while protecting the local community. Preliminary evidence is presented indicating that these specially designed environments are essential adjuncts to the initial phase of treatment of mentally retarded adolescent offenders.

Adolescent↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Southcentral Foundation--Dena A Coy: a model program for the treatment of pregnant substance-abusing women.

This article discusses the societal implications of substance abuse by pregnant women and women of child-bearing age and reviews their treatment needs as documented in the literature. It then provides a treatment model for pregnant women, using the Southcentral Foundation-Dena A Coy Residential Treatment Program as a model program. It outlines a number of components that are critical to successful substance abuse treatment of these women; specifically, medical interventions, social service provision, educational/vocational services, psychoeducational programs, psychotherapy, substance abuse interventions, and family preservation and involvement. These components are superimposed on a therapeutic community model that stresses gender and cultural relevance, as well as supportive structure and direction.

Aftercare↗

PubMed2001

Progression of dreams of crack cocaine abusers as a predictor of treatment outcome: a preliminary report.

This study tested the hypotheses that a) the dream content of crack cocaine abusers in Trinidad and Tobago changes during abstinence, and b) the change in dream content can be used to predict treatment outcome. The sample comprised 46 consecutive patients who completed a 3-month residential treatment program and were followed up after 6 months. Dreams and associated emotions were recorded during the first month of inpatient treatment and at 6 months follow-up. Forty-one (89.1%) patients reported drug dreams during the first month, mainly of using the drug. Twenty-eight (60.9%) had drug dreams at 6 months follow-up, mainly of using or refusing the drug. There was an abstinence rate of 56.5% at 6 months. A better treatment outcome was associated with having drug dreams at 6 months follow-up (p < .05) and dreams of refusing the drug (p < .05). Findings support the need to further explore the progression of dreams during treatment as a predictive tool.

Adult↗

PubMed1981

The relationship between alcoholism treatment outcome in terms of drinking and various patient characteristics.

The study compared two groups of alcoholics who had received treatment in a multi-modal, behavioral program. One group (151 subjects) were not drinking at all at the end of the follow-up year, while the second group (109 subjects) had returned to heavy drinking. The data indicated few differences between the two groups on various psychosocial, work performance and demographic variables when they entered treatment. Both groups showed initial improvement on psychosocial and work performance variables after residential treatment. The abstainer sample maintained the improvement throughout the follow-up year, while the group which returned to heavy drinking showed a significant decrement in psychosocial behavior and work performance after the initial improvement.

Adult↗

PubMed2001

Housing satisfaction and service use by mentally ill persons in community integrated living arrangements.

OBJECTIVE: In response to provisions of the Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 1987 that sought to reduce the number of mentally ill persons in nursing homes, the Illinois Department of Human Services in 1989 developed small-scale residential treatment programs known as community integrated living arrangements. This study examined satisfaction with residential services and days of hospitalization among residents of these facilities. METHODS: Seventy-four residents from nine randomly selected community integrated living arrangement facilities were surveyed with the Quality of Life Interview to determine their satisfaction with their residence. Data on hospitalization before and after program placement were obtained from residents' charts and from an Illinois Department of Human Services database on utilization of state-operated facilities. RESULTS: Residents of community integrated living arrangement facilities had a mean rating of satisfaction with their residence of 5.2, "mostly satisfied," on a scale from 1 to 7. Residents with continuous supervision and those with intermittent supervision were equally pleased with their living arrangements. Residents' hospital use decreased from a mean of 47.7 days during the year before program placement to 5.3 days during their first year in the program. CONCLUSIONS: The level of satisfaction with the community integrated living arrangement residences was fairly high and was comparable to levels reported in related research on independent living arrangements. The decrease in residents' hospital use in the year after program placement suggests that the community integrated living arrangements help maintain severely mentally ill individuals in the community.

Chicago↗

PubMed2006

The impact of pressure on drug treatment for addicted foreigners facing deportation in Germany.

Qualitative findings from interviews with addictions professionals at long-term residential treatment centers are presented in an exploration of the mutual effects of alternative measures to treatment under the Narcotics Act and residence-terminating measures under the Foreigners Act on drug-treatment access and quality for addicted foreigners facing drug-related charges in Germany. Results indicate that pressure associated with contradictory drug and migration policies led to reduced access to treatment but not necessarily quality of treatment. Treatment motivation and pressures associated with the uncertainty and threats of deportation as well as inconsistent application of drug and migration laws are discussed along with recommendations for future research.

Coercion↗

PubMed1992

Effects of drug misuse treatment on symptoms of depression and suicide.

In this longitudinal study of 9,904 clients who were treated at methadone, outpatient drug-free (OPDF), and residential treatment facilities, at intake more than half of all clients reported symptoms of depression or suicide. Females and multiple nonnarcotics users were at highest risk for suicide attempts. Despite a dramatic drop in the level of symptomatology by 4 weeks in treatment, many clients remained suicidal throughout the study period. Suicidal tendencies at both intake and 4 weeks were strongly related to suicidal tendencies at 12 months post-treatment; even more strongly related was the return to weekly or more frequent use of narcotics or nonnarcotics for residential and OPDF clients.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Substance abuse treatment for pregnant women: a window of opportunity?

The use of substance abuse treatment services by pregnant and nonpregnant women was compared to explore the effects of pregnancy on treatment utilization and outcomes. Treatment service records for 227 pregnant drug- and alcohol-dependent women and a matched comparison group of 277 nonpregnant women were retrieved from the Massachusetts Bureau of Substance Abuse Services Management Information System. Treatment services received by the two groups of women during a 6-month period following an index detoxification were tabulated and compared. Treatment services for pregnant women differed quantitatively and qualitatively from the services received by nonpregnant women over the 6-month time period. After controlling for background characteristics and substance abuse history, pregnant women were 1.7 times more likely to be readmitted to detoxification, 2.8 times more likely to enter residential facilities, and 5.4 times more likely to enter methadone programs. For both groups, the use of outpatient and/or residential treatment services following discharge from detoxification significantly reduced the risk of subsequent detoxification admissions. The increased likelihood of admission to detoxification, residential, and methadone services suggests that treatment programs have improved access to care for pregnant women. Multiple detoxification admissions suggest, however, that some pregnant women have difficulty entering stable recovery. Given the brevity of the gestational period and the detrimental effects of drug and alcohol use on fetal outcomes, the use of continuing treatment services for pregnant women is strongly recommended.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2006

Treatment outcomes for substance abuse among adolescents with learning disorders.

This paper assesses whether chemically dependent adolescents with comorbid learning disorders (LDs) derived less effective treatment results when compared to chemically dependent adolescents without LD and examines the moderating effects of prior treatments, treatment length, and treatment completion. Two hundred one adolescents were recruited between 1992 and 1993 from Massachusetts residential treatment centers and subsequently followed up 6 months after enrollment. Compared to chemically dependent teenagers without LD, those with LD were twice as likely to re-use substances at least once by follow-up. LD teenagers were more likely to attend Alcoholics/Narcotics Anonymous if they had prior admissions to treatment programs and longer treatment length. LD teenagers who completed treatment also experienced a greater decrease in current depression compared to LD teenagers not completing the treatment. This study is the first to consider outcomes of substance abuse treatment for adolescents with LD and contributes to the growing literature on comorbidity and substance abuse treatment.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2005

Development and initial demonstration of a community-based intervention for homeless, cocaine-using, African-American Women.

Drug abstinence is difficult to achieve and maintain, especially when clients return to their pretreatment environment. Forging ties with the natural helping networks in the community, such as religious organizations, may reinforce abstinent behaviors established during treatment. This study evaluated Bridges to the Community, a supplemental component to an intensive residential treatment program. Bridges uses members of African-American churches as mentors for recovering women. This demonstration project included 118 female participants with primary cocaine dependence who received either standard treatment or Bridges plus standard treatment. Participants in both groups reduced substance use, risk-taking behaviors, depression, and increased self-esteem. Participants who received Bridges had greater treatment retention, reported 100% cocaine abstinence at follow-up, and were more satisfied with their treatment.

Adult↗

PubMed2000

Effectiveness of communication and relationship skills training for men in substance abuse treatment.

Although the importance of gender-sensitive programming for women has been acknowledged, few studies have examined outcomes from male-centered interventions in substance abuse treatment programs. Data were collected from 122 male clients in a court-mandated residential treatment program who participated in a study of a psychoeducational group intervention for men. The intervention (Time Out! For Men) addressed communication skills, sexuality, gender socialization, and intimacy. Participation in the training resulted in significant increases in knowledge and social conformity, along with reductions in attitudes that may be associated with rigid socialization and gender-role conflict. The results provide support for the utility of male-targeted programming in substance abuse treatment settings.

Adolescent↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Responding to victimized Alaska Native women in treatment for substance use.

High rates of physical and sexual abuse have been found among Alaska Native women entering a residential treatment program in Fairbanks, Alaska. Little information, however, has been available that describes the nature of such abuse and its relationship to treatment outcome. This article describes the extent of such abuse and reviews factors involved in its onset. The implications of the findings are discussed with an emphasis on how they can be applied to enhance treatment outcome.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1987

One hundred alcoholic women in medicine. An interview study.

To examine the patterns of diagnosis, referral, and help-seeking behaviors of alcoholic women physicians, 95 women physicians and five women medical students were interviewed. Both groups were self-described alcoholics and members of Alcoholics Anonymous and were abstinent from alcohol for at least one year. Subjects participated in one-hour interviews with a recovered alcoholic professional woman. Addictions to drugs other than alcohol were common, with only 40% reporting addiction to alcohol alone. Seventy-three reported serious suicidal ideation prior to sobriety, 26 after the drinking ended. Thirty-eight had made overt suicide attempts, 15 more than once. The presence of alcoholics in the nuclear family and marital instability were common. Treatment experiences varied from none other than Alcoholics Anonymous (21%) to long-term residential treatment of 15 weeks or more per episode (23%). Most had reached treatment through circumstances other than referral by therapists or intervention by impaired-physician committees. Their current procedures should be evaluated with the particular needs of women in mind.

Adult↗

PubMed1982

Body type, personality temperament and psychotherapeutic treatment of female adolescents.

In a previous study on emotionally disturbed male adolescents (Stewart, 1980), the subjects were somatotyped in accordance with Sheldon's theory, and the implications of psychotherapeutic treatment were discussed. This is an exploratory study of emotionally disturbed female adolescents in residential treatment at the Anneewakee Treatment Center which seeks to define the population and formulate tentative treatment implications from the results of somatotyping.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2004

Residential versus community treatment of personality disorders: a comparative study of three treatment programs.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of three treatment models for personality disorder: 1) a long-term psychoanalytically oriented residential specialist program, 2) a phased "step-down" specialist psychosocial program that included a briefer residential stay and an outpatient component, and 3) a general community psychiatric model. METHOD: One hundred forty-three patients with a personality disorder diagnosis were allocated according to geographical criteria to the three treatment conditions. Outcome was prospectively evaluated at 6, 12, and 24 months through the use of a standardized battery of instruments that included measures of general symptom severity, social adaptation, assessment of mental health functioning, frequency of self-harm and suicide attempts, and rates and duration of hospital readmissions. RESULTS: By 24 months, patients in the step-down condition showed significant improvements on all measures. Patients in the long-term residential model showed significant improvements in symptom severity, social adaptation, and global functioning, while no changes were achieved in self-harm, attempted suicide, and readmission rates. Patients in the general psychiatric group showed no improvement on any variables except self-harm and hospital readmissions. CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study suggest that for personality disorders, a specialist step-down program is more effective than both long-term residential treatment and general psychiatric treatment in the community. Replication is needed that includes a random allocation of patients to conditions to ensure that geographical factors did not account for the observed differences.

Adult↗

PubMed2002

Psychometric properties of the Behavior and Symptom Identification Scale administered in a crisis residential mental health treatment setting.

The psychometric properties of the Behavior and Symptom Identification Scale, administered in a crisis residential mental health treatment setting, were investigated. Analyses indicated that Cronbach alpha reliabilities were very good compared to published research from inpatient and outpatient settings. Univariate and multivariate covariance analyses provided evidence supporting validity in terms of sensitivity to change during treatment and concurrent validity. Evidence supported the contention that women were more honest and realistic in their self-assessments but also that crisis residence treatment was efficacious for both sexes.

Adult↗

PubMed2001

Treatment retention and birth outcomes of crack users enrolled in a substance abuse treatment program for pregnant women.

This study examined characteristics of pregnant crack users that were associated with their retention in a residential treatment program and the outcomes of their pregnancies. The participant characteristics were assessed when the women were admitted to the program, and were related to their demographic status, physical health, psychological functioning, substance use, and pregnancy. In general, the findings point to the importance of early interventions with this population. Implications and limitations of this study, as well as suggestions for future research, are discussed.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1995

An experimental evaluation of residential and nonresidential treatment for dually diagnosed homeless adults.

Homeless adults with both a serious mental illness and substance dependence (N = 276) were randomly assigned to: (1) a social model residential program providing integrated mental health and substance abuse treatment; (2) a community-based nonresidential program using the same social model approach; or (3) a control group receiving no intervention but free to access other community services. Interventions were designed to provide 3 months of intensive treatment, followed by 3 months of nonresidential maintenance. Subjects completed baseline interviews prior to randomization and reinterviews 3, 6, and 9 months later. Results showed that, while substance use, mental health, and housing outcomes improved from baseline, subjects assigned to treatment conditions differed little from control subjects. Examination of the relationship between length of treatment exposure and outcomes suggested that residential treatment had positive effects on outcomes at 3 months, but that these effects were eroded by 6 months.

Adult↗