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Results for “Retinal Detachment”

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At least 721 records · Page 40Linked to original sources

PubMed2006

Treatment of retinal detachment resulting from posterior staphyloma-associated macular hole in highly myopic eyes.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the surgical outcome of retinal detachment resulting from a posterior staphyloma-associated macular hole in highly myopic eyes. METHODS: Fifty-seven consecutive highly myopic eyes with retinal detachment resulting from a posterior staphyloma-associated macular hole diagnosed between January 1993 and June 2003 were retrospectively studied. Anatomical reattachment of the retina and best-corrected visual acuity were measured. RESULTS: Six different operative methods were used to treat this condition with diverse retinal reattachment rates: long-acting gas tamponade only (12.5%); pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) with long-acting gas tamponade (42.8%); PPV with epiretinal membrane (ERM) peeling and long-acting gas tamponade (50.0%); encircling scleral buckling combined with PPV and long-acting gas tamponade (57.1%); encircling scleral buckling combined with PPV, ERM peeling, and long-acting gas tamponade (40.0%); and encircling scleral buckling combined with PPV and silicone oil tamponade (75.0%). Overall, successful retinal reattachment was achieved in 25 (43.9%) of 57 eyes after the first surgery. However, the ultimate success rate of retinal reattachment was 77.2% (44 of 57 eyes) after subsequent surgery. The mean preoperative visual acuity +/- SEM (in logarithm of the minimal angle of resolution units) was 2.08 +/- 0.55, and the mean postoperative visual acuity +/- SEM was significantly increased to 1.87 +/- 0.54 at the last follow-up (P = 0.038). The major cause of recurrent retinal detachment in the long-acting gas tamponade group was nonclosure of the macular hole. For vitrectomized eyes, the major cause was reopening of the macular hole, even with ERM formation and proliferative vitreoretinopathy. There was no obvious correlation between the extent of the detachment or lens status and the reattachment rate. CONCLUSIONS: The major causes of recurrent retinal detachment in the long-acting gas tamponade and vitrectomized groups were nonclosure of the macular hole and reopening of the macular hole, respectively. Furthermore, a lesser extent of retinal detachment was not associated with a higher anatomical success rate. More aggressive treatment such as silicone oil tamponade may need to be performed to overcome reduced natural adhesion due to posterior staphyloma with marked chorioretinal atrophy. Failure to initiate aggressive treatment can result in an unsatisfactory outcome and repeated surgery.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Retinal detachment of unknown etiology].

Cases of retinal detachment of undetermined aetiology were analyzed on the material of the Ophthalmological Department in Wrocław. Presented were the results of the surgical procedures taking into account the actual classification of the detachments. A positive anatomical result of the operation was achieved in 80 p.c. of patients, instead the improvement of the visual function was observed in only 56.5 p.c. of cases.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2006

Scleral resection technique combined with vitrectomy for a macular hole retinal detachment in highly myopic eyes.

PURPOSE: To evaluate scleral resection technique combined with vitrectomy for macular hole retinal detachment of highly myopic eyes. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Seventeencases (17 eyes) of macular hole retinal detachment in highly myopic eyes, in which the patient underwent vitrectomy combined with scleral resection technique formacular hole retinal detachment between January 1996 and December 2003 at Fukuoka University Chikushi Hospital, were studied. Following pars plana vitrectomy, as much as possible of the residual vitreous and/or epiretinal membrane was removed. A scleral resection was performed in 2 quadrants of the equatorial region of the temporal sclera. Finally, a fluid-air exchange with SF(6) gas injection was performed to achieve retinal attachment. Pre- and postoperative axial length of the eyeballs were measured by B-scan ultrasonography. RESULTS: All cases had the retina reattached at the initial surgery, and visual acuities were stabilized or improved after the surgery. The posterior staphyloma became obscure in 13 out of 17 eyes (76.8%). The macular hole closed in 14 of 17 eyes (82.4%) ophthalmoscopically. There were no cases in which retinal redetachment occurred during follow-up periods of more than 6 months. CONCLUSION: In cases of macular hole retinal detachment of a highly myopic eye, scleral resection technique combined with vitrectomy changed the shape of the eyeballs and allowed successful retinal reattachment at the initial surgery.

Aged↗

PubMed2005

Central serous chorioretinopathy and bullous retinal detachment: a rare association.

While idiopathic central serous retinopathy (ICSC) is a common ocular condition, bullous exudative retinal detachment associated with ICSC is a relatively rare finding. Bullous retinal detachment has been described as a severe variant of ICSC, characterised by multiple leaking pigment epithelial detachments and the presence of shifting neuro-sensory sub-retinal fluid. The peculiar clinical findings may present a diagnostic dilemma and lead to inappropriate treatment. Here, we describe the atypical presentation of ICSC with bullous retinal detachment and the effect of focal laser treatment on resolution of the retinal detachment. Despite ICSC being a self-limiting condition in the majority of cases, recognition of this atypical form of ICSC is important. Failure to differentiate this condition from inflammatory disease of the retina and choroid may result in inappropriate use of corticosteroids, leading to exacerbation of the condition and permanent visual loss.

Adult↗

PubMed1983

[Retinal detachments treated by argon laser photocoagulation].

Twenty-nine rhegmatogenous retinal detachments were treated in 29 patients by argon laser photocoagulation ("damming" technique) between 10-1-77 and 06-30-81. Mean follow up time has been 19.1 months, and retinal detachments have remained perfectly contained in 28 patients without any subsequent macular problem. Eleven cases were asymptomatic retinal detachments, 4 of these occurring after previous argon laser prophylaxis, 16 cases being localized postoperative recurrences or failures after single or repeated surgery. These argon laser "dams" must only be conducted in the absence of major vitreous traction and with strict post-laser control; their indications are therefore limited but they can be useful procedures.

Adult↗

PubMed1980

Correlation of aphakic retinal detachment and refractive error with gender.

I analyzed the aphakic refractive errors of men and women separately in a statistical study of patients with aphakic retinal detachments. I compared the distribution of aphakic refractive errors in a population of 81 adult patients with nontraumatic aphakic retinal detachment with that of a randomly selected control population of 93 adult patients with aphakia. As a group, women who developed aphakic retinal detachments were significantly more myopic than female controls (11.41 vs 12.37 diopters of spherical equivalent; P = .004). In contrast, the refractive error in men did not differ between the aphakic retinal detachment and control groups (11.31 vs 11.68 diopters; P = .156). A significantly higher percentage of patients with bilateral (87%) aphakic retinal detachments were men (P = .017). In men other risk factors for aphakic retinal detachment, including cardiovascular disease, may overshadow the influence of axial myopia.

Adult↗

PubMed2006

[Macular fold following retinal detachment surgery].

INTRODUCTION: The occurrence of a retinal fold after vitrectomy for retinal reattachment is not often described. In this case report, its treatment, prevention, and mechanism are discussed. CASE REPORT: A 45-year-old pseudophakic woman experienced a superotemporal retinal detachment with macula-on and numerous retinal tears. The treatment consisted of a vitrectomy, perfluorocarbon injection, cryotherapy, and a complete fluid/gas exchange. Postoperative examination disclosed a retinal fold centered by the fovea. The treatment of this macular fold included the creation of a new detachment of the posterior pole by means of an injection of balanced saline solution into the subretinal space through a 39-gauge cannula, the injection of perfluorocarbon liquid to move the fold superiorly, endolaser at the inferior limit of the fold, and silicone oil injection. At the postoperative examination, the macula was flattened and the fold was near the superior temporal arcade. DISCUSSION: The formation of a macular fold after vitrectomy was probably caused by the complete fluid/gas exchange, which displaced the subretinal fluid from the periphery to the posterior pole, detaching the macula. Tangential traction exerted by the presence of intravitreal gas and subretinal fluid might have stretched the retina and resulted in the formation of the fold. This mechanism is similar to the technique used in macular translocation surgery. To avoid this complication in macula-on retinal detachment, we suggest not using perfluorocarbon liquid systematically and replacing the complete fluid/gas exchange with a limited bubble of expansive gas combined with postoperative positioning.

Female↗

PubMed1993

[Treatment of secondary retinal detachment in von Hippel-Lindau disease].

In the last 16 years, 8 patients (9 eyes) with secondary retinal detachment in von Hippel-Lindau disease were treated. The methods of treatment depended on the size and number of vascular tumours and on the extent and type of retinal detachment. The retina was successfully reattached in 4 eyes. In 4 eyes with the total retinal detachment, our treatment was uneffective. One patient is treated till now. The best results were observed when the tumours were small and single and the retinal detachment extended to less than 1 quadrant of the fundus of the eye. The successful therapy is conditioned by the complete destruction of the tumour. The treatment of the large retinal detachment, in spite of using different methods, is very often difficult and unsuccessful.

Adult↗

PubMed1986

Treatment of retinal detachment with macular hole.

Of 21 retinal detachments with a macular hole, 18 (86%) were cured by cerclage, combined with drainage of the subretinal fluid and light (laser) coagulation of the macula. By means of this simple procedure, recommended by Meyer-Schwickerath in 1961, many surgical difficulties and possible complications, especially posterior pole hemorrhages, can be avoided and relatively good function of the central retina can be achieved. Even highly myopic eyes with moderate staphyloma can be treated successfully by this technique.

Drug Implants↗

PubMed1991

Retinal detachment after YAG-laser capsulotomy.

Preoperative findings and postoperative results in 8 patients with retinal detachment after YAG-laser capsulotomy are described. In this period the over-all incidence of clinical retinal detachment in pseudophakic eyes after YAG capsulotomy in our hospital was 1.0% (2 of 193). Possible relationships between YAG-laser capsulotomy and retinal detachment are discussed. Two risk factors for developing retinal detachment were found in 6 of 8 patients. After surgical repair 7 retinas were re-attached. The final visual acuity was better than 0.5 in 5 patients.

Aged↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Principles of qualifying retinal detachment for pneumoretinopexy].

The gases SF6 and C2F6 were used in 88 patients (88 eyes) with retinal detachment as endotamponade. Eighty eight patients constituted 3 groups in which the gas was used on the basis of following indications: 1) the eyes with retinal detachment from above and with holes between 9-12-3 or with a macular hole; 2) eyes with retinal detachment "without hole" or with a hole for evaluation for its size and localization, as an intervention preceding an extrascleral invagination; 3) eyes with retinal detachment from above in which after extrascleral indentation in spite of a good localization the retina did not reappose. On the basis of the presented material the authors emphasize the values of the pneumoretinopexy as a solitary procedure, a diagnostic procedure or completing an extrascleral indentation. The perils of this method are presented and the causes of failures discussed.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1995

Effect of Chinese medicines on the subretinal fluid absorption after operation for retinal detachment.

PURPOSE: To determine the effects of traditional Chinese medicines on subretinal fluid absorption after Operation for retinal detachment. METHODS: Among 100 eyes with operations for retinal detachment without drainage of fluid, there were 50 eyes in traditional Chinese medicine treatment group and 50 eyes in the control group, and there were no significant difference between the two groups in age, myopia and retinal detachment area. We observed the time for the absorption of subretinal fluid and visual acuity improvement after the operations for retinal detachment. RESULTS: The result showed that the average time for the absorption of subretinal fluid was 14.5 days in the traditional Chinese medicine treatment group, 21.7 days in the control group and the visual acuity was better in the former than in the latter. CONCLUSIONS: The traditional Chinese medicine treatment could increase the absorption of subretinal fluid, the mechanisms of which may be that Chinese medicines regulated and improved the general blood circulation and local eye blood circulation and the function of blood-retinal barrier so that they increase the outward osmotic suction forces of the pigment epithelium.

Absorption↗

PubMed1996

[Macular fibrosis after surgery of retinal detachment].

PURPOSE: To report the prevalence and visual outcome of macular pucker occurring after retinal detachment surgery, and to analyze its risk factors. METHODS: We retrospectively studied 865 cases of retinal detachment that had been successfully treated in the absence of macular hole or proliferative vitreoretinopathy higher than grade C1. For the statistical analysis, 63 variables were submitted to CHI-square test. RESULTS: Macular pucker occurred in 68 cases (7.7%). Final visual acuity was 0.5 or better in 24 cases, spontaneously in 7 and after macular surgery in 17. In 6 other cases, macular pucker was much less important in terms of visual impairment than coexisting amblyopia or other posterior pole pathology. In the 38 remaining cases, macular pucker was the cause of visual failure, despite macular surgery in 9 of them. Retinal detachment recurred after macular surgery in 2/26 cases. Nine variables were found to correlate with an increased risk of macular pucker: emmetropia, hyperopia, preoperative acuity reduced to light perception-hand movement, macula off, preoperative proliferative vitreoretinopathy (grade B or C1), retinal tears up to 30 degrees, retinal tears larger than 30 degrees, and cumulative retinal break area larger than 3 disks. CONCLUSION: Our results show that macular surgery can be useful in case of macular pucker after retinal detachment surgery. They also suggest that macular pucker and proliferative vitreoretinopathy have some risk factors in common.

Adolescent↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Cystic-structure echographic imaging in retinal detachment].

The B-type echographic exam in retinal detachment shows in the most accurate way the detached retina. In the total detachments the aspect reproduced the V-image, because in the perpendicular section, the retinal folds join at the papilla. By the rotation of the transducer, when the oblique echographic section get close to the perpendicular section, it may be moved on the monitor like two heterogeneous planes or like a chistic echographic image in the vitreous. This show the importance of the chistic echographic image in the differential diagnosis of the retinal detachment.

Diagnosis, Differential↗

PubMed1976

Retinal detachment secondary to branch vein occlusion: Part I.

Eight patients with retinal detachment secondary to branch vein occlusion were studied. Retinal detachment secondary to branch vein occlusion occurs when the vein occlusion is severe and there is marked capillary nonperfusion and leakage. The detachment is limited to the area of the occluded vein and does not extend beyond the equator. Usually the detachment is shallow; however, it can be bullous as demonstrated in 3 of our patients. Fluorescein angiography revealed the typical findings associated with branch vein occlusion, in addition to late pooling of the dye into the fluid in the subretinal space. In each of the 6 cases treated by laser photocoagulation, reattachment of the retina occurred. The disease is discussed from the standpoint of ocular findings, fluorescein angiography, diagnosis and differential diagnosis, course, treatment, and prognosis.

Age Factors↗

PubMed1998

[Vitrectomy for the treatment of retinal detachment uncomplicated by advanced proliferative vistreoretinopathy].

PURPOSE: To determine the role of vitrectomy be used in retinal detachment uncomplicated by proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR). METHODS: We studied 54 cases who had undergone vitrectomy for retinal detachment uncomplicated by severe proliferative vitreoretinopathy. The indications for vitrectomy fell into three main groups: 1) retineal detachment of PVR-B (n = 15), 2) Retinal breaks at the posterior of PVR-C1 or C2 (n = 11), 3) retinal view was poor (n = 28). RESULTS: The success rate with one procedure was 74% and with further surgery retinal reattachment was achieved in 96%. After surgery, the visual acuity was improved in 43 eyes (79.6%) unchanged in 9 eyes (16.7%), and worse in 2 eyes (3.7%). CONCLUSION: Vitrectomy is an effective method for treatment of selected cases of retinal detachment uncomplicated by proliferative vitreoretinopathy.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1995

Albumin movement out of the subretinal space after experimental retinal detachment.

PURPOSE: The subretinal fluid of serous retinal detachments contains protein, but little is known about its origin and fate. The authors designed experiments to study the rate and route of albumin movement out of the subretinal space. METHODS: Experimental retinal detachments were made in Dutch rabbits by injecting Hanks' balanced salt solution containing serum levels (approximately 30 mg/ml) of fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) albumin into the subretinal space through a micropipette. Subretinal, vitreous, and serum fluid samples were withdrawn 0 to 4 hours later through a similar micropipette and were analyzed for osmolality, FITC albumin content (by fluorophotometry) and FITC+native albumin content (by gel electrophoresis). Sodium iodate was injected intravenously in some rabbits to damage the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE). RESULTS: Albumin injected into the subretinal fluid diffused steadily into the vitreous, and its concentration decreased by approximately 5% per hour. This rate was unaffected by RPE damage. Albumin did not move into the bloodstream unless the RPE was damaged with sodium iodate, and then it crossed the RPE at approximately 25% of the rate at which it moved into the vitreous. Subretinal fluid osmolality remained within the range of 293 to 294 mOsm/kg despite protein movement and the continual absorption of fluid from the detachments. CONCLUSIONS: These results show that albumin in the subretinal space diffuses readily into the vitreous, and subretinal osmolality changes are rapidly equilibrated with the vitreous. Albumin does not cross normal RPE, and it crosses iodate-damaged RPE more slowly than it crosses retina. Thus, there must be a constant supply of albumin if high subretinal concentrations are to be sustained in clinical serous detachments.

Animals↗

PubMed1991

Vitreous surgery for retinal detachment associated with choroidal coloboma.

We report the results of vitreous surgery in seven eyes with retinal detachments caused by retinal breaks at the margin of, or within, a choroidal coloboma. All seven eyes (100%) were reattached; visual acuities in five (71%) of the seven eyes improved from preoperative levels. Vitrectomy was combined with air-fluid exchange and endodrainage through preexisting retinal breaks or planned retinotomies in all but one of the cases. Part or all of the rim of the choroidal coloboma in six eyes underwent endophotocoagulation. The two eyes that did not experience postoperative visual improvement underwent intraoperative endolaser treatment 360 degrees around the optic nerve. If peripapillary endophotocoagulation is performed, especially through the papillomacular bundle, nerve fiber damage may occur and prevent visual recovery, despite retinal reattachment. For eyes with retinal detachment associated with choroidal colobomas involving the optic nerve, postoperative laser treatment through the papillomacular bundle may be preferable.

Adolescent↗