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[Lasers in dentistry. 9. Safety in laser use].

The laser has become an effective new tool in dentistry. Besides the positive effects for which it is applied, the laser is also capable of causing damage to the patient, the user and the bystanders. In this paper the different types of laser-specific hazards are explained. The concept of the nominal hazard distance is introduced and used to analyse the practical risks and suggest safety measures to be taken.

Equipment Safety↗

[Effect of TLT absorptive eyeglasses on progression of myopia in children].

The incidence of myopia is increasing worldwide. At the last VIIIth international conference on myopia held in June 2000 in Boston attention was aroused by the work of Quin et al. on the influence of noctural illumination in rooms where children slept on their subsequent development of myopia. Our working hypothesis presented in Hakone in 1996 presumes also a negative effect of light and heat which initiate the development of myopia but on eyes with an inborn disposition. We considered as a solution wearing spectacles with glass which allow to penetrate only visible light and absorb the other wavelengths. These glasses were supplied by Karel Kubĕna-TL Technologies. The authors followed up for four years two groups of children with progressive myopia. The progression of myopia during the first two years of the follow up was almost identical in the two groups: in the group with the absorption glasses 0.75 D/year and in the control group 0.77 D/year. After two years of wearing the absorption glasses the progression in the group with the absorption glasses was 0.34 D/year and in the control group 0.59 D/year.

Adolescent↗

Prevention and treatment of common eye injuries in sports.

Sports have become increasingly popular and account for numerous eye injuries each year. The sports that most commonly cause eye injuries, in order of decreasing frequency, are basketball, water sports, baseball, and racquet sports. Sports are classified as low risk, high risk, and very high risk. Sports-related eye injuries are blunt, penetrating, and radiation injuries. The use of eye protection has helped to reduce the number and severity of eye injuries. The American Society for Testing and Materials has established performance standards for selected eyewear. Consultation with an eye care professional is recommended for fitting protective eyewear. The functionally one-eyed, or monocular, athlete should take extra precautions. A preparticipation eye examination is helpful in identifying persons who may be at increased risk for eye injury. Sports-related eye injuries should be evaluated on site with an adequate examination of the eye and adnexa. Minor eye injuries may be treated on site. The team physician must know which injuries require immediate referral to an ophthalmologist and the guidelines for returning an athlete to competition.

Athletic Injuries↗