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At least 739 records · Page 41Linked to original sources

PubMed2004

[The mid-term results of proximal row carpectomy in the treatment of degenerative wrist joint derangements].

OBJECTIVES: We evaluated the mid-term results of proximal row carpectomy (PRC) in patients who underwent treatment for wrist joint derangements. METHODS: Nine patients (4 men, 5 women; mean age 38 years; range 23 to 66 years) underwent PRC to relive pain in the wrist joint and to improve motion and grip strength. Indications for surgery were acute transscaphoid-perilunate fracture dislocation in one patient, formerly unreduced perilunate fracture dislocation in one patient, Kienbock's disease in four patients, and scaphoid nonunion associated with scapholunate advanced collapse (SLAC) in three patients. The duration of the symptoms ranged from eight months to 10 years. The results were assessed with the use of pre- and postoperative clinical and radiographic studies, and measurements of active and passive motion, grip strength, and pulp and key pinch strengths. The mean follow-up was 35.4 months (range 13.5 to 72 months). RESULTS: Postoperatively, pain relief was achieved in all the patients and no complications were encountered in the early period. One patient with acute transscaphoid-perilunate fracture dislocation developed radiocapitate joint degeneration three years after surgery and underwent total wrist arthrodesis. Compared to the uninvolved side, wrist functions were found adequate with painless motion, except for passive radial deviation which exhibited a significant decrease (p<0.05). Age, sex, and the duration of symptoms did not influence postoperative results. CONCLUSION: In selected patients with wrist joint derangement, PRC enables painless and adequate motion and grip strength for daily activities. However, radial styloidectomy seems to be necessary to prevent restriction in radial deviation.

Adult↗

PubMed1996

Contralateral and ipsilateral EMG responses to transcranial magnetic stimulation during recovery of arm and hand function after stroke.

We examined the relationship between the recovery of hand and arm function in a group of hemiplegic stroke patients and the presence of short-latency EMG responses to transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) in 4 different upper limb muscles (deltoid, biceps, extensor digitorum communis and the first dorsal interosseous). Twenty-one patients were examined within 5 weeks of stroke (median 2 weeks), and then at regular intervals over the next 12 months. Some patients recovered rapidly (Group A); in others, recovery was slow and incomplete (Group B). Even at the first test, Group A patients had responses to TMS in all muscles. Most Group B patients initially lacked responses in all tested upper limb muscles; in those that later were able to activate hand muscles, responses returned at or just before this stage of recovery. No such clear correlation between the presence of responses to TMS and ability to activate more proximal arm muscles was evident. Response latency was initially long and declined in a manner that was highly correlated with muscle strength and hand function test scores. Ipsilateral responses were elicited from both the affected and unaffected hemispheres. Ipsilateral responses from the latter were most common in the proximal muscles of the affected limb, and had latencies that were longer than those elicited in the contralateral (unaffected) arm. Nine cases of ipsilateral responses in hand muscles were found; such responses are not found in healthy subjects. Ipsilateral responses from the undamaged hemisphere were more prevalent in the poorly recovered patients; the underlying mechanisms may not be beneficial for recovery.

Adult↗

PubMed1997

Correction of malunited Bennett's fracture by intra-articular osteotomy: a report of two cases.

Two young male laborers had a corrective intra-articular osteotomy for a symptomatic malunited Bennett's fracture. Follow-up examination at 24 and 40 months, both patients experienced dramatic pain relief and improved thumb range of motion, and grip, and pinch strengths. A corrective intraarticular osteotomy is an acceptable alternative to arthrodesis or arthroplasy in select patients with a malunited Bennett's fracture.

Adult↗

PubMed2001

Assessment of a low-intensity cardiac rehabilitation programme using the six-minute walk test.

OBJECTIVE: To examine the utility of the six-minute walk test (6'WT), in assessing the effectiveness of a six-week cardiac rehabilitation programme, of which exercise training was an integral part. SETTING: Royal Liverpool and Broad Green Hospitals Rehabilitation Unit. DESIGN: Two hundred and thirty-nine consecutive patients referred for cardiac rehabilitation were allocated to one of two groups. In group A 209 entered and 159 completed the usual rehabilitation programme whilst group B patients (n = 30) acted as a control by deferring entry to the programme for six weeks, continuing only activities of daily living. OUTCOME MEASURES: Both groups were assessed using the 6'WT, peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR) and isometric grip strength at enrolment and six weeks. RESULTS: At baseline, groups A and B were demographically identical without significant differences in terms of 6'WT, PEFR or grip strength. Following the study period, group A showed a significant increase in 6'WT from 314.7 +/- 76.2 to 377.3 +/- 78.6 m, in PEFR from 406.9 +/- 115.9 to 437.8 +/- 118.6 litres per minute and in grip strength from 28.8 +/- 9.31 to 30.3 +/- 8.93 kg, all p < 0.001. There were no significant changes in group B. CONCLUSIONS: The 6'WT proved to be a simple and effective measurement of functional capacity in patients performing cardiac rehabilitation. The clinical programme investigated successfully increased patients' functional capacity as assessed by the 6'WT. Significant improvement in PEFR and grip strength was also demonstrated, compared with a control population.

Aged↗

PubMed1998

Grip strength in tennis elbow : long-term results of operative treatment.

In a prospective study the grip strength was measured preoperatively in 17 patients with chronic tennis elbow and postoperatively after a minimum follow-up of 1 year. The grip strength measured with a flexed and extended elbow was significantly less on the involved side (28.4 and 17.2 kg) than on the normal side (36.4 and 36.5 kg) ; postoperatively it increased significantly (33.9 and 34.2 kg) and almost reached the level of the normal contralateral side. An increase of grip strength measured with an extended elbow was correlated significantly with a satisfactory clinical outcome.

Adult↗

PubMed2006

Association of grip strength change with menopausal bone loss and related fractures: a population-based follow-up study.

The aim of the present study was to investigate the association between grip strength change and bone health according to menopausal status. A random sample of 971 pre- to postmenopausal women from the Kuopio Osteoporosis Risk Factor and Prevention (OSTPRE) study cohort was measured with dual X-ray absorptiometry in the lumbar spine (LS) and femoral neck (FN) and grip strength with pneumatic squeeze dynamometer at baseline (1989-1991), 5 years (1994-1997), and 10 years (1999-2001). Fractures were recorded based on self-reports and validated from medical records. Women were divided into two groups according to change in grip strength quartile from baseline to 5-year follow-up: not improved (n = 735) and improved (n = 236). In the total population, the greatest bone loss was observed in perimenopausal (beginning of menopause during follow-up, n = 311) women [P < 0.001 vs. premenopausal women (n = 139)], and it declined in postmenopausal (n = 521) women [P < 0.001 by analysis of covariance (ANCOVA)]. The perimenopausal bone loss rate was significantly lower in women in the improved group in comparison to the not improved group (P < 0.01) in contrast to the pre- and postmenopausal groups (P > 0.05). Accordingly, there was a greater decline in perimenopausal LS and FN T-scores in the improved group vs. the not improved group over the first 5-year follow-up interval (P < 0.05 by ANCOVA) and remained unchanged over the 10-year follow-up. In perimenopausal women, there was a trend toward higher fracture-free survival rate in the improved group (82%) vs. the not improved group (88%) after 10 years. Adjustments did not change the results. In conclusion, maintenance of grip strength is associated with menopausal bone loss and future fractures.

Absorptiometry, Photon↗

PubMed2005

Creatine monohydrate supplementation does not improve functional recovery after total knee arthroplasty.

OBJECTIVE: To determine if creatine monohydrate supplementation can improve body composition and enhance recovery after total knee arthroplasty (TKA). DESIGN: Randomized trial in which creatine monohydrate or placebo was administered. SETTING: Public primary care facility. PARTICIPANTS: Thirty-seven adults (17 men, 20 women) with osteoarthritis undergoing TKA. Intervention Subjects received creatine monohydrate (10 g/d x 10 d presurgery to 5 g/d x 30 d postsurgery) or placebo. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Body composition (dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry scanning), muscle metabolite concentrations (adenosine triphosphate, phosphocreatine, creatine, total creatine [phosphocreatine + creatine]), muscle histomorphometery, quadriceps, ankle dorsiflexion and handgrip strength, and functional capacity. All measurements were completed preoperatively (-7 d) and 30 days postoperatively, except for that of muscle metabolites. Muscle metabolite samples were collected during surgery (0 d) and at 30 days. RESULTS: A significant decrease in quadriceps and ankle dorsiflexion strength was observed at 30 days postoperatively (P < .01). There were no significant effects of creatine monohydrate supplementation on any of the measured outcome variables. CONCLUSIONS: Creatine monohydrate supplementation did not improve body composition or muscle strength when given before surgery, nor did it enhance recovery after TKA.

Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee↗

PubMed2000

Riluzole prolongs survival and delays muscle strength deterioration in mice with progressive motor neuronopathy (pmn).

The neuroprotective drug riluzole (Rilutek) is a sodium channel blocker and anti-excitotoxic drug which is marketed for the treatment of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Previous studies have shown that riluzole prolongs survival of transgenic mice harboring the mutated form of Cu,Zn-superoxide dismutase found in familial forms of the human disease. In this study we have examined the effect of treatment with riluzole in mice suffering from progressive motor neuronopathy (pmn), a hereditary autosomal recessive wasting disease which shares some symptoms of ALS. These mutants display hind limb weakness starting during the 3rd week of life and leading to paralysis and death during the 7th week of life. Daily treatment with 8 mg/kg of riluzole by oral route significantly retarded the appearance of paralysis, increased life span and improved motor performance on grip test and electromyographic results in the early stage of the disease. There was no effect of riluzole on weight gain. These data demonstrate that riluzole significantly prolongs life span, retards the onset of paralysis and slows the evolution of functional parameters connected with muscle strength in the pmn mouse model of motor neuron disease.

Animals↗

PubMed1996

Surgical treatment of Madelung disease by the Sauvé-Kapandji technique.

The Madelung deformity, a congenital alteration of growth in the distal radial epiphysis, becomes evident during adolescence, producing serious esthetic and functional disturbances. From 1982 to 1991, 15 patients ranging from 16 to 23 years old, suffering from Madelung deformity were operated by the Sauvé-Kapandji surgical technique (a pseudarthrosis is created on the ulna and an arthrodesis on the distal radio ulnar joint). The esthetic appearance and grip strength were improved. Pain was eliminated and the incidence of complications was very low.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2000

Correlations between physiological parameters and performance in elite ten-pin bowlers.

The increasing acceptance of ten-pin bowling as a sport, as well as the keen competition amongst bowlers, necessitates the identification of performance indicators to aid training. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to determine if age, height, weight, aerobic power index, bowling grip strength, 10-RM leg press performance, and the sit-and-reach distance correlated with bowling performance in 42 elite bowlers (26 males and 16 females). At the same time, the physiological profiles of bowlers classified as heavy ball strokers, heavy ball crankers, and light ball spinners were compared. The results showed that for the male bowlers, none of the parameters correlated with performance, while for the female bowlers, the only parameter that correlated with performance was the aerobic power index. Bowlers using the three different releases had similar anthropometric and physiological profiles. The implications from this study are that bowlers of diverse age and build can be equally competitive in the sport; that aerobic capacity (as reflected by the aerobic power index) may, to a certain extent, contribute to bowling performance; and that strength and flexibility measures do not seem to be useful performance indicators amongst elite bowlers.

Adult↗

PubMed2006

Handgrip strength and cognitive decline in older Mexican Americans.

BACKGROUND: Cognitive decline and dementia are associated with disability and premature death in old age. We examined whether low handgrip strength predicts subsequent cognitive decline in older Mexican Americans. METHODS: We worked with a 7-year prospective cohort of 2160 noninstitutionalized Mexican Americans aged 65 years or older from the Hispanic Established Population for the Epidemiological Study of the Elderly (H-EPESE) who had a Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) score > or = 21 at baseline. Measures included: (i) sociodemographic factors (age, gender, and education), handgrip strength, and near and distant visual impairment from baseline interview; and (ii) MMSE, body mass index (BMI), and medical conditions (stroke, heart attack, diabetes, depression, and hypertension) from four waves of data collection. RESULTS: Using general linear mixed models, we found a significant trend with scores in the lowest quartile of handgrip strength at baseline to be associated with lower MMSE scores over time (estimate = -1.28, standard error = 0.16; p <.0001). There was a significant handgrip Strength-by-Time interaction with MMSE scores. Participants in the lowest handgrip strength quartile had a greater cognitive decline over time (estimate = -0.26, standard error = 0.07; p <.001) than did those participants in the highest quartile. This association remained statistically significant after controlling for potential confounding factors. CONCLUSION: Older Mexican Americans with reduced handgrip strength at baseline demonstrated a statistically significant decline in cognitive function over a 7-year period. By contrast, participants in the highest handgrip strength quartile maintained a higher level of cognitive function.

Aged↗

PubMed1995

Quantification of the relationship between dynamic grip strength and forearm rotation: a preliminary study.

Clinically, the measurement of grip strength is a static measure. It is performed in a standardized posture with the arm at the side, elbow flexed to 90 degrees, and the wrist-forearm positioned in neutral. Many functional activities require dynamic grip strength when an individual moves the wrist-forearm while simultaneously gripping an object. This preliminary study investigated dynamic forearm rotation with isometric grip strength over real time. Thirty wrists from 15 normal subjects were measured with a tilt sensor attached to a strain gauge dynamometer. Each subject underwent randomized trials of maximally gripping the dynamometer while rotating the forearm over a 10-second period. A multiple-regression model was fit for the parameters of extremity, forearm rotation order, fatigue, and loss of strength with supination and pronation. For each parameter, the mean and standard error of its estimate were computed and compared with zero. The significant effects (p = 0.05) of interest were for fatigue and the loss of grip strength from 70 degrees of supination to the end range of supination. Comparisons to existing static grip strength literature were made. We concluded that there is a decrease in grip strength over time as a result of fatigue, there is a decrease in grip strength at supination angles greater than 70 degrees. There is no decrease in grip strength resulting from supination angles less than 70 degrees, nor is there a decrease in grip strength with pronation when measured dynamically. It is suggested that there may be a difference in static and dynamic GS measurements related to forearm rotation.

Adult↗

PubMed1999

Cross-education of muscle strength is greater with stimulated than voluntary contractions.

Cross-education enhances the performance of muscles not directly involved in the chronic conditioning of the muscles in a remote limb. Substantial cross-education occurs after training with eccentric contractions or with contractions evoked by electromyostimulation (EMS). Since during EMS and eccentric contractions, skin and muscle afferents are activated that have excitatory effects on contralateral homologous muscles, it was hypothesized that exercise training with stimulated vs. voluntary eccentric contractions would lead to greater cross-education. Thirty-two women were randomly assigned to a voluntary (Vol), an EMS, or remote EMS (rEMS) exercise group and performed 840 voluntary or stimulated eccentric contractions over 6 weeks. All subjects, including nonexercising controls (Con), were tested pre- and posttraining for maximal voluntary and stimulated isometric and eccentric quadriceps strength. Ipsilateral voluntary and stimulated forces increased in all groups. Changes in EMG activity paralleled those in voluntary force in each limb. No changes occurred in grip strength. The great contra- and ipsilateral strength gains after EMS training were most likely related to an additive effect of EMS and muscle lengthening.

Adult↗

PubMed1999

[Anterior trans-scaphoid-lunate luxation of the wrist. Apropos of a case].

About one uncommon case of anterior perilunate fracture-dislocation, the authors show the interest of posterior approach of the wrist to treat all the lesions. The scaphoïd is screwing proximally to distally and a pin is used to stabilise the pyramidolunare articulation. The clinical results are good on motion, on strength; the lunate doesn't present necrosis on radiology at 4 years.

Aged↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Endoscopic treatment of the carpal tunnel syndrome: review of the recent literature.

The carpal tunnel syndrome is a common pathology, recognized since one and half century. Its surgical treatment, median nerve neurolysis, has only been popularized 30 years ago. Despite improvement of the surgical technique, two main problems remain unsolved: lack of grip strength and "pillar" pain, which can last several weeks after surgery. Endoscopy, in a same way as knee meniscectomy or cholecystectomy, has contributed to minimize drawbacks of conventional surgery. Ten years of experience have improved the material and the technique, the most recent series reporting very low complication rates. In experimented hands, and with correct indications, endoscopic treatment of carpal tunnel syndrome offers a clinical benefit for the patient and an economical one for the Society.

Carpal Tunnel Syndrome↗

PubMed2001

Grip strength measurement in competitive ten-pin bowlers.

BACKGROUND: In an attempt to find a more specific grip strength test for bowlers, the conventional grip strength test was modified such that only the fingers used in holding the ball are tested. The objective of this study was to assess the test-retest reliability of this modified bowling grip strength test, to assess the agreement between the bowling and the conventional grip strength tests, and to examine the correlation between the modified test and bowling performance in competitive bowlers. METHODS. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: This research was conducted in two parts, each with a different study sample. Study I was a cross-sectional study to assess the correlation between the bowling grip strength and the bowling score. Study II was a comparative study to obtain the test-retest reliability for both the bowling and conventional grip strength tests, and to assess the agreement between the two tests. SETTING AND SUBJECTS: for study I, the subjects were 39 members (26 males and 13 females) of the Singapore National Ten-Pin Bowling Training Squad. Bowling grip strength was measured within one month prior to the selection trials for the national squad, the results of which were used as a measure of bowling performance. For study II, the subjects were 21 members (12 males and 9 females) of the Singapore National Ten-Pin Bowling Squad that was formed after the selection trials. INTERVENTIONS: none. MEASURES: Bowling grip strength, conventional grip strength, and bowling score. RESULTS: The test-retest reliability of the bowling grip strength measurement (r = 0.91, p < 0.01) was comparable to that of the conventional five-finger grip (r = 0.93, p < 0.01). The single measure intraclass correlation coefficient between the bowling and conventional grip strength tests was 0.77; the 95% confidence interval was 0.51 and 0.90. However, the correlation coefficient between the bowling grip strength test and bowling score (r = 0.27) was not significant. CONCLUSIONS: The bowling grip strength test has a high test-retest reliability, and a moderate agreement with the conventional grip strength test. However, despite using only the bowling fingers, the test was unable to predict bowling performance in elite bowlers.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1997

Total wrist arthroplasty. Experience with a noncemented wrist prosthesis.

Experience with an improved total wrist prosthesis developed in 1986 is reported. It could be shown that a solid osseointegration of the prosthesis can be achieved without use of cement. The most important prerequisite is to place the prosthetic components correctly into solid bone stock. Ten revisions were necessary, most directly related to technical errors or improper selection of patients. Thirty-eight prostheses were implanted in 33 patients. The length of followup ranged from 3 to 9.5 years (average, 5.5 years). Patient satisfaction, pain, daily activities, motion, grip strength, and radiographs were evaluated. The overall results were excellent in 20, good in 10, fair in two, and poor in six wrists.

Adult↗

PubMed1977

Frequency sweep electromyogram and voluntary effort in volunteers after d-tubocurarine.

A new method for monitoring the effect of muscle relaxants on the myoneural junction was tested in unanesthetized volunteers. Evoked electromyographic responses to stimulation, sweeping exponentially from 1 to 100 Hz over 10 seconds, were recorded from the hand and abdominal muscles. d-Tubocurarine (dTc) was given intravenously in incremental doses until head lift was abolished. Thumb twitch tension, vital capacity, peak expiratory flow, maximal inspiratory force, and hand grip strength were recorded during partial paralysis and recovery. The frequency sweep electromyogram (FS-EMG) of the musculus rectus abdominis was more depressed than the FS-EMG of the musculus abductor digiti V at the time head lift was abolished. The abdominal muscle recovered faster from dTc paralysis than did the hand muscle. The latter failed to respond normally to the highest frequencies of stimulation during the entire period of observation lasting 72 minutes after dTc injection. At the time of maximal neuromuscular blockade, respiratory function showed less depression than the FS-EMG of the abdominal muscle.

Abdomen↗