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Results for “Health Promotion”

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PubMed2005

Promoting physical activity in Australian general practices: a randomised trial of health promotion advice versus hypertension management.

A randomised controlled trial was conducted to determine if physicians' advice to promote physical activity to patients was more effective if the advice was tailored to the management of hypertension, compared with more general health promotion advice. Participants included inactive 40- to 70-year-old patients visiting the physicians' during study recruitment period. Physicians provided verbal physical activity advice and written materials, both tailored to either general health promotion messages or specifically as a means for treating or managing hypertension. Seventy-five physicians and 98% (767/780) of screened eligible patients participated in the study. Differences between intervention and control groups self-reported physical activity were assessed over 6 months. Follow-up response rates were 92 and 84% at the 2- and 6-month assessments. There were no consistent, significant differences between groups at the 2- or 6-month assessments. Thus, neither intervention strategy resulted in significant changes in patients self-reported physical activity, regardless of the whether the advice was tailored to hypertension management or general health promotion advice.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Correlates of health promotion behaviors in low-income Black women and Latinas.

BACKGROUND: Factors associated with practicing five health promotion behaviors (sleeping 7-8 hours per night, eating break-fast, exercising three times per week, and abstaining from alcohol and tobacco use) were identified in 243 low-income Black and Latina women whose children were enrolled in Head Start programs in South Central Los Angeles. METHODS: Based on previous studies, interviews with community leaders and health personnel, and focus groups with community residents, I designed and administered surveys to identify correlates of health promotion behaviors. We assessed demographic variables; knowledge, attitudes, and perceived barriers to health promotion behaviors; perceived susceptibility to disease and efficacy in determining health outcome; social and family support for health promotion; sources of health promotion information; interactions with health care providers; and quality of life in the community. RESULTS: Being Latina, having a low perceived susceptibility to cancer, and using leaflets and flyers as sources of health promotion information were associated with practicing more health promotion behaviors. Exposure to violence (having a family member killed) and perceptions of community health care workers as uncaring were associated with practicing fewer health promotion behaviors. CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that a range of factors may be related to healthy and unhealthy lifestyles in low-income, ethnic minority women and that environmental stressors, such as exposure to violence, may significantly affect health promotion behavior in these groups.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Health promotion in gas industrial workers].

Health promotion in the workers of the limited liability company "Astrakhangazprom" in their working places (without discontinuing work) with the complexes of nutrients (including omega-3) enriched with vitamins, macro- and microelements, made in Russia yielded a positive therapeutic effect in improving the health status, in normalizing and improving laboratory and instrumental data, and in reducing sick cases with temporary disability. The duration of a health promotion course was 2 months.

Adult↗

PubMed2004

Coordinated school health program and dietetics professionals: partners in promoting healthful eating.

Although research indicates that school meal programs contribute to improved academic performance and healthier eating behaviors for students who participate, fewer than 60% of students choose the National School Lunch Program or School Breakfast Program. School meal programs have a difficult time competing with foods that are marketed to young people through sophisticated advertising campaigns. Youth's preferences for fast foods, soft drinks, and salty snacks; mixed messages sent by school personnel; school food preparation and serving space limitations; inadequate meal periods; and lack of education standards for school foodservice directors challenge school meal programs as well. A coordinated school health program offers a framework for meeting these challenges and provides children and adolescents with the knowledge and skills necessary for healthful eating. This article identifies challenges facing school foodservice directors in delivering healthful meals and acquaints dietetics professionals with the coordinated school health program to be used as a tool for addressing unhealthful weight gain and promoting healthful eating.

Advertising↗

PubMed1987

[Health promotion, development and cooperation in health programs].

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Health Planning↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Public health perspectives on the family: an ecological approach to promoting health in the family and community.

The family, as a setting of practice, is increasingly recognized as critical to health promotion. A better understanding of the nature and process through which families take an active part in their own health can serve as the basis for designing and linking health interventions with public health programs. The integrating function of the family, viewed through an ecological context, makes it an effective entry point and central focus in health promotion.

Community Participation↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Family practice physicians' perceptions and practices regarding health promotion for the elderly.

This study assessed 321 family practice physicians' perceptions and practices regarding health promotion in the elderly; specifically, whether health promotion is perceived to be beneficial for this segment of the population. A random sample of 250 male and 250 female members of the American Academy of Family Physicians was surveyed. The internal reliability of the questionnaire was assessed, yielding a Cronbach alpha of .84. Respondents were 46% male and 54% female, and 67% of them had completed a residency program. Three-fourths (77%) of the respondents were between 25 and 50 years of age. The majority believed that health promotion counseling is of value to patients of all ages (88%) and that medical schools should devote more attention to preventive medicine (69%). These physicians identified lack of third-party payment, lack of sufficient staff, lack of competence in prescribing prevention programs for the elderly, and finding counseling the elderly about preventive health issues not professionally gratifying as barriers to health promotion of the elderly. All health promotion practices but one listed on the questionnaire were perceived as important by at least half the physicians. Until compensation for health promotion is available and physicians perceive themselves as competent concerning health promotion in the elderly, it is likely their clinical practices and recommendations will lag behind their favorable attitudes toward the topic.

Adult↗

PubMed2006

A randomized controlled trial of a health promotion education programme for people with multiple sclerosis.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effectiveness of a health promotion education programme for people with multiple sclerosis (the OPTIMISE programme) in terms of increasing the level of health-promoting activity undertaken, improving self-efficacy and enhancing quality of life. DESIGN: A randomized controlled single blinded trial. Non-parametric analysis was undertaken to test for significant differences between treatment and control groups change scores. SUBJECTS AND SETTING: Sixty-two adults (32 treatment and 30 control subjects) with multiple sclerosis of any type, Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) 1-7. INTERVENTION: An eight-week multidisciplinary outpatient health promotion education programme aimed at increasing knowledge, skills and confidence in undertaking health promotion activities. OUTCOME MEASURES: Health Promoting Lifestyle Profile, Self-Rated Abilities for Health Practices Scale and the Short Form 36 Item Health Survey. RESULTS: Following completion of the programme, treatment subjects had significantly higher levels of health promotion activity undertaken (P < 0.01) and self-efficacy for health promotion activities (P < 0.01). These benefits were sustained for at least three months after the programme ceased. Certain domains of quality of life also improved in treatment subjects more than controls (physical P = 0.03, mental health and general health P = 0.01), although only mental health and general health showed further improvement at three months. Participants provided positive feedback regarding the usefulness of the intervention and demonstrated observable changes to their health promotion behaviours. CONCLUSIONS: The OPTIMISE programme produced significant changes in health-promoting behaviours.

Female↗

PubMed2000

Determinants of health-promoting behavior among women ages 65 and above living in the community.

This study utilized Pender's Health Promotion Model to investigate through canonical correlation analysis the role that select cognitive-perceptual factors (health self-determinism, learned helplessness, self-esteem, and perceived health) and modifying factors (age, race, marital status, education, and income) play in understanding participation of community-living older adult women (age > or = 65) in the health-promoting behaviors of health responsibility, physical activity, nutrition, spiritual growth, interpersonal relations, and stress management. These were measured by the Health-Promoting Lifestyle Profile II in a convenience sample of 107 community-living older adult women (mean age 76.7 years). Gender-specific benefits and barriers to participating in health-promoting behaviors were also explored using open-ended questions. Two significant canonical variates were demonstrated. These indicated that age, marital status, race, education, and self-esteem and the two health-related factors of perceived health and health self-determinism made statistically significant contributions to the health-promoting behaviors of physical activity, nutrition, spiritual growth, and interpersonal relations. Benefits identified included better psychological well-being, coping with the general issues of aging, social interaction, improved function, and management of existing health problems. Internal barriers focused on perceived physical difficulties with all types of health-promoting behaviors; external barriers included aspects of the activity itself, lack of support from others and structural barriers. Study results suggest that older adult women (age > or = 65) participate in health-promoting behaviors for both health enhancement and health management reasons and that barriers may be a more important determinant of older women's health-promoting lifestyle behaviors than previously described in the model.

Aged↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Factors affecting the uptake of community recreation as health promotion for women on low incomes.

BACKGROUND: There have been repeated calls for research on the factors that promote the spread of successful local health promotion initiatives from one community to another. We examined the factors that affected the uptake of an initiative designed in one community to improve the health of women living below the poverty line through increased access to community recreation. METHODS: Workshops were held in three other communities and uptake efforts were tracked for one year through follow-up site visits and telephone interviews with workshop participants. RESULTS: Making the issue a priority, actively involving the women in planning, pooling resources, sharing responsibility through partnerships, and addressing the structural dimensions of poverty were factors that enabled uptake. Factors that inhibited uptake included an emphasis on revenue generation, professionally led planning, inadequate attention to structural barriers, the undervaluing of certain resources, and an over-reliance on one idea champion. CONCLUSION: A shift in how municipal recreation departments view their role as partners in community health promotion is required if programs are to promote health and be accessible to under-served populations.

Community Health Services↗

PubMed2000

A randomised trial of an intervention to develop health promoting schools in Australia: the south western Sydney study.

OBJECTIVE: This paper describes the evaluation of a health promoting schools intervention carried out in the south western region of Sydney, Australia. The evaluation sought to assess the project's impact on structures to support the health promoting school concept and changes in health-related policies and practices within 22 local schools. METHODS: A randomised controlled study was employed. Intervention schools were offered seminars and training in the health promoting schools concept, encouraged to use a resource kit to help them establish their school as health promoting and invited to participate in a support network. Pre- and post measures of awareness, school structures and policies and practices to support the development of a health promoting school were taken and intervention and control schools compared. RESULTS: There was an increased level of awareness of the health promoting school concept among intervention schools. However, there were no significant changes in health-related policies and practices at the school level, among both intervention and control schools. CONCLUSIONS: A longer time frame and more structured support are required to influence school structures to support the development of a health promoting school. IMPLICATIONS: To facilitate organisational change in schools, health promoting school interventions need to provide structured support for schools and recognise that change takes time. A committee to initiate action, a plan to guide work and school support are likely to facilitate the adoption of the health promoting schools approach. Further work to refine the measurement of school-based action and its outcome and the development of indicators for a health promoting school is needed.

Health Policy↗

PubMed2004

Critical health promotion and education--a new research challenge.

In relation to health promotion and education, the use of post-positivist and constructivist approaches has been gathering strength in recent years. Despite this emerging tradition, little has been done to explore what this sort of approach actually represents, particularly in terms of health promotion in schools, professional organizations and wider society. Acknowledging this, it is suggested that more researchers in this area should be adopting qualitative approaches-including semi-structured interviews, focus groups, story/dialogue workshops and developmental schemes of health education-in order to uncover the hidden meaning of 'health promotion', particularly in the school context. This paper therefore attempts to challenge the idea that traditionalist paradigms of positivist research are capable of appropriately representing the nature and complexity of the health promotion issues. In this paper, methodological and theoretical frameworks that can enable researchers to understand health promotion from the perspective of students, teachers and school 'stakeholders' are suggested. Particular attention is given to a discussion of the potential value of designing and implementing programmes of health education or promotion using a critical pedagogical approach within schools in the UK. It is argued that programmes using a critical pedagogical and reflective approach, and which are aimed at social transformation, would be of enormous benefit to both researchers and educational/health professionals who are seeking to understand the complexity of health promotion issues from the perspective of children and adolescents.

Health Education↗

PubMed1993

Rural hospital health promotion: programs, methods, resource limitations.

Most hospitals provide health promotion programs for community residents. There is little information concerning the specific types of services offered by rural hospitals. A questionnaire was sent to every acute care hospital in Iowa (N = 124), including 99 rural hospitals and 25 urban hospitals. Surveys were returned from 95 rural hospitals (96%) and 20 urban hospitals (80%). Results indicated that 98.9% of rural hospitals offered health promotion services to community residents. These services provided on average 7.5 programs on a regular basis, while using only 1.2 full-time equivalent (FTE) employees. Urban hospitals provided 9.5 regular programs with 2.4 FTE. The most common types of rural promotion programs were blood pressure screening, cholesterol screening, safety and protection programs, diet/nutrition programs, prenatal/maternal health, and breast cancer screening. Over 40% of rural respondents stated that other less common programs, including substance abuse prevention and mental health promotion, were needed but could not be offered because of resource limitations; these types of services were offered more commonly in urban hospitals. Rural hospital health promotion programs are attempting to meet a wide variety of programming needs with limited resources, and attention may be well directed towards finding how best to provide various programs with limited resources to maximize their impact on community health.

Community Health Services↗

PubMed2004

Health promotion in physician organizations: results from a national study.

BACKGROUND: Health promotion programs can be effective in improving the delivery of clinical preventive services and in improving population health; however, the availability of health promotion programs offered through physician organizations, such as medical groups and independent practice associations, are largely unknown. METHODS: This research uses data from the National Study of Physician Organizations and the Management of Chronic Illness, conducted by the University of California, Berkeley, to document the extent to which physician organizations offer health promotion programs. Of 1587 physician organizations nationally with 20 or more physicians, 1104 participated, for a response rate of 70%. RESULTS: Overall, 60% of physician organizations offer at least one health promotion program targeting one or more of eight areas: prenatal education (42%), smoking cessation (39%), nutrition (39%), weight loss (34%), health risk assessments (25%), stress management (25%), substance abuse (20%), and sexually transmitted disease prevention (16%). Factors positively associated with offering health promotion programs include the following: outside reporting of quality measures, public recognition for quality measures, clinical information technology systems, being a medical group, and ownership by a hospital or health plan. CONCLUSIONS: Physician organizations in the United States have a long way to go in offering these important programs to their patients. However, our findings also suggest that health plans, purchasers, and policymakers can play a positive role in increasing the use of these programs. By offering recognition and incentives for quality improvement, and by funding the expansion of information technology, the healthcare community can encourage and enable physician organizations to increase the availability of health promotion programs nationally.

Data Interpretation, Statistical↗

PubMed2026

Effect of a digitally augmented general health promotion intervention on abstinence from health-risk behaviors among emergency department discharge patients: A randomized controlled trial.

BACKGROUND: Noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) are the leading global cause of death and are driven by modifiable behaviors, such as tobacco use, harmful alcohol consumption, unhealthy diet, and physical inactivity. Recognizing that emergency department (ED) visits represent a unique opportunity to promote behavior change, this trial evaluated a digitally augmented, theory based general health promotion approach, combining a brief telephone-based intervention with mobile instant messaging support, to help discharged ED patients abstain from health risk behaviors. METHODS AND FINDINGS: This assessor-blinded randomized controlled trial was conducted in a major public hospital ED in Hong Kong. Adults (18-65 years) triaged as semi-urgent or non-urgent and with ≥1 health-risk behavior and smartphone access were randomized to receive a digitally augmented, theory‑based general health‑promotion intervention consisting of a brief telephone‑based AWARD‑model intervention (Ask, Warn, Advise, Refer, and Do-it-again) followed by weekly WhatsApp or WeChat messages for 6 months, or to a control group receiving brief telephone advice only. The primary outcome was self-report abstinence from ≥1 health-risk behavior at 6 months; secondary outcomes included the proportion of participants who achieved self-reported abstinence from ≥1 health-risk behavior at 12 months and reduction in the number of behaviors at 6 and 12 months. Of the 2,134 screened patients, 572 were enrolled (286 per group). At 6 months, 30.1% of the intervention participants versus 19.9% of the controls achieved self-reported abstinence (RR = 1.51; 95% CI, 1.13-2.02; P = 0.006). The intervention also significantly increased the likelihood of fewer risky behaviors at 6 (RR = 1.54; P = 0.01) and 12 (RR = 1.48; P = 0.02) months. Physical inactivity showed the greatest improvement at 6 months (31.7% versus 16.2%; P < 0.001). The effects attenuated after cessation of booster messaging. Limitations include reliance on self-reported outcomes, the single-center study design, and loss to follow-up, which may have affected the generalizability of the results. CONCLUSIONS: A digitally augmented, theory-based general health promotion strategy delivered at ED discharge through brief telephone intervention and mobile instant messaging support demonstrated short-term benefits in promoting self-reported abstinence and reducing health-risk behaviors at 6 months. However, the absence of a sustained effect at 12 months suggests that extended support or maintenance strategies may be required to maintain these improvements over time. Multicenter trials with longer follow-up are warranted to evaluate long-term effectiveness. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov (Registration No: NCT06077565).

Humans↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Health promotion for persons with disabilities: what does the literature reveal?

A search of MEDLINE and CINAHL databases for research on disability and health promotion was done. Twenty-three articles were categorized into 1 of 3 areas: the meaning of health and health promotion, factors that contribute to health and health promotion, and health promotion interventions. Overall, health and health promotion were inductively defined concepts that emphasized function, relationships, and a positive mental attitude. Barriers to health promotion were frequently reported, fatigue being most common. Moreover, better health outcomes were reported when people with disabilities engaged in health-promoting behaviors. There were few interventions found, with only 1 being a randomized clinical trial.

Chronic Disease↗

PubMed1993

The four levels of health promotion: an integrated approach.

Four levels of health promotion are identified: environmental, social, organisational and individual. It is argued that health promotion interventions should not be confined to one level but instead an integrated approach should be adopted, in which the relationships between the four levels and the outcomes at all levels ought to be considered and analysed. It is suggested that these four levels are used as a checklist when health promotion interventions are planned.

Environment↗

PubMed1994

Health promotion and empowerment: reflections on professional practice.

Recent reformulations of health promotion focus on empowerment as both a means and an end in health promotion practice. Both concepts, however, are rarely examined for their assumptions about social change processes or the potential of community groups, professionals, and institutions to create healthier living situations. This article attends to some of these assumptions, expressing ideas generated during 6 years of professional training workshops with over 2,500 community health practitioners in Canada, New Zealand, and Australia. The article first argues that health promotion is not a social movement but a professional and bureaucratic response to the new knowledge challenges of social movements. As such, it has both empowering and disempowering aspects. The article analyzes empowerment as a dialectical relation in which power is simultaneously given and taken, and illustrates this in the context of health promotion programs. A model of an empowering professional (institutional) health promotion practice is presented, in which linkages among personal services, small group supports, community organizing, coalition advocacy, and political action are made explicit. Practice examples are provided to illustrate each level of the empowering relation, and the article concludes with a brief discussion of the model's educational and organizational utility.

Canada↗