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At least 739 records · Page 41Linked to original sources
PubMed2005

Unique endemicity of cryptosporidiosis in children in Kuwait.

To understand the transmission of Cryptosporidium infection in children, fecal specimens from 62 Kuwaiti children with gastrointestinal symptoms found to be positive by microscopy were genotyped and subtyped with a small subunit rRNA-based PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis and a 60-kDa glycoprotein-based DNA sequencing tool. The median age of infected children was 4.5 years, and 77% of infections occurred during the cool season of November to April. Fifty-eight of the children (94%) had Cryptosporidium parvum, three (5%) had Cryptosporidium hominis, and one (1%) had both C. parvum and C. hominis. Altogether, 13 subtypes of C. parvum (belonging to four subtype allele families) and C. hominis (belonging to three subtype allele families) were observed, with 92% of specimens belonging to the common allele family IIa and the unusual allele family IId. Thus, the transmission of cryptosporidiosis in Kuwaiti children differed significantly from other tropical countries.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Brucella arthritis: a study of 96 cases in Kuwait.

Of 400 patients with brucellosis, 104 (26%) had arthritis, of whom 96 could be followed up. The systemic disease in the 96 patients was acute in 54 (56%), subacute in 24 (25%), and chronic in 18 (19%). The main presenting symptoms were joint pain, fever, sweating, and easy fatigability. The joints most commonly affected were the sacroiliac joint (26%) and knee (25%) followed by hip (18%) and spine (8%). There was no particular pattern of joint affection in relation to age. Joint effusion occurred in 32/104 (30%) of cases, predominantly (94%) in the acute group. Culture of synovial fluid was negative in all, and analysis of synovial fluid for cellular profile, glucose, and protein content was not particularly helpful in diagnosis. Plain radiographs did not show major pathological changes. Among the laboratory tests, including haematological and liver function tests, the brucella enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was the most reliable in the diagnosis of disease, using serum and synovial fluid specimens. Treatment with a combination of streptomycin plus tetracyclines or rifampicin resulted in an excellent cure rate and resolution of arthritis without sequelae or mortality. Thus brucellosis should be considered in the differential diagnosis of arthritis, especially in areas in which the disease is endemic.

Arthritis, Infectious↗
PubMed1987

Coeliac disease among children in Kuwait: difficulties in diagnosis and management.

Twenty children with coeliac disease were diagnosed over a five year period in an area with 10,000-12,000 births per year. The average annual incidence was 1:3000 births. All children presented with severe symptoms and rickets was not uncommon (25%). Mean age at onset of symptoms was 38 months (range 6-120) and 72 months at the time of diagnosis (range 13-192), with a mean delay of 34 months. No cases were diagnosed during infancy. The difficulties in the differentiation of coeliac disease from the more common causes of chronic diarrhoea, and problems with diagnosis and management are discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1969

Haemoglobin H disease in Arabs in Kuwait.

Three cases of haemoglobin H disease are described in Arabs, two of Syrian and one of Kuwaiti origin. Two were investigated on account of moderate anaemia, the third for splenomegaly not associated with anaemia.

Adult↗
PubMed1970

Pernicious anaemia among Arabs in Kuwait.

Addisonian pernicious anaemia is believed to be very rare in Arabs. Three cases are reported. Two were Jordanians of Palestinian origin and one an Egyptian. All had the typical peripheral macrocytosis, a frankly megaloblastic bone marrow, and a Schilling test result in the range of pernicious anaemia. All three improved remarkably on vitamin B(12) therapy and have maintained a normal haemoglobin level. There was no evidence of gastric carcinoma in any of these cases.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

ABO blood group and expression of antisperm antibodies in infertile couples in Kuwait.

Two hundred and fifty infertile couples and 102 fertile controls were evaluated to determine the association between ABO blood group status and seminal blood group substances among infertile couples and expression of circulating antisperm antibodies. Antisperm antibodies occurred in 18.8 and 17.7% of the infertile men and women, compared to 3.9% in the fertile women (p < 0.01). The 23 ABO blood group combinations in the infertile and fertile couples revealed no significant association with infertility except the predominance of B+/O+ spouses in the fertile group (p < 0.03). Although 76.8% of the men were secretors of seminal blood group substances, there was no significant association with development of antisperm antibodies. This shows that ABO blood group is not directly associated with infertility nor antisperm antibody formation.

ABO Blood-Group System↗
PubMed1999

Population study of common glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase mutations in Kuwait.

DNA samples from 206 unrelated Kuwaitis of both sexes, i.e. 200 randomly selected individuals and 6 glucose-6-phosphate-dehydrogenase (G6PD)-deficient probands, have been analyzed by the PCR/RFLP technique for mutations underlying the most common G6PD-deficient variants (Mediterranean and A-). At the first step all samples were studied for the 563C-->T and 376A-->G mutations, then the samples positive for 376A-->G were further analyzed for 202G-->A, 680G-->T and 968T-->C mutations. Three mutations (563C-->T, 376A-->G and 202G-->A) were found to be present in the Kuwaiti population at polymorphic frequencies (0.0503, 0.0215 and 0.0111, respectively). Nineteen out of 20 unrelated Kuwaiti chromosomes with 563C-->T had Mediterranean haplotype as judged by 1311C-->T polymorphism. The frequency of G6PD-deficient genotypes was 4.5% (5.73% in males and 2.56% in females).

Female↗
PubMed2000

Influence of alpha-thalassemia trait on the prevalence and severity of anemia in pregnancy among women in Kuwait.

Alpha-thalassemia is very common in the Kuwaiti population, but its influence on anemia of pregnancy has not been previously investigated. We have screened a group of 59 anemic (Hb < 11 g/dl) pregnant women for the alpha-thal-2 (-alpha-3.7 kb) deletion which is the commonest alpha-thal allele in this community, using a polymerase chain reaction method. A control group of 35 nonanemic (Hb > or = 11 g/dl) pregnant women was studied for comparison. All the women were in the second or third trimester of pregnancy. Among the 94 women in both groups, 69 (73.4%) had a normal complement of alpha-globin genes (alphaalpha/alphaalpha), 18 (19.1%) were heterozygotes (-alpha/alphaalpha) and 7 (7.4%) were homozygotes (-alpha/-alpha) giving an allele frequency of 17.0%. Among the anemic group, there were 44 (74.6%) individuals with a normal genotype, 9 (15.3%) heterozygotes and 6 (10.2%) homozygotes. In the nonanemic group, the corresponding prevalence figures were 25 (71.4%), 9 (25.7%) and 1 (2.9%), respectively. The difference between these distributions was statistically significant (chi2 = 37.5, p < 0.0001). However, the mean Hb values were similar in heterozygotes, homozygotes and normal individuals. We, therefore, conclude that while the alpha-thal trait affects the prevalence of anemia among pregnant Kuwaiti women, it does not affect its severity.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Laparoscopic cholecystectomy in 2,750 cases in a teaching hospital in Kuwait.

OBJECTIVE: To retrospectively analyse all laparoscopic cholecystectomies performed between April 1992 and May 1999. METHODS: Medical records of 2,750 patients, clinically diagnosed with gall bladder disease, were reviewed. We analysed the operative time, length of postoperative hospital stay, conversion rate, intra- and postoperative complications as well as management outcome. RESULTS: The mean operative time was 59.2 min, and the mean postoperative hospital stay was 1.46 days. However, the majority of our patients (66.8%) were discharged after 1 day. The conversion rate was 3.8%, which was mainly due to acute gall bladder pathology. The postoperative complication rate was 4.6%; all cases were managed successfully with no mortality or delayed morbidity. CONCLUSION: Our findings indicate that laparoscopic cholecystectomy appears to be a safe and effective procedure with low morbidity and no mortality. Therefore, it should be considered as the procedure of choice for patients with gall bladder disease.

Acute Disease↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Prevalence of endometrial proliferation in pipelle biopsies in tamoxifen-treated postmenopausal women with breast cancer in Kuwait.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence of pathologic changes in the endometrium of tamoxifen-treated asymptomatic postmenopausal patients with breast cancer. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Fifty postmenopausal asymptomatic breast cancer patients with positive estrogen receptor status were treated with 20 mg of tamoxifen daily for a period of 5-60 months. The control group consisted of 30 asymptomatic postmenopausal breast cancer patients who were negative for estrogen receptor and therefore did not receive tamoxifen. Endometrial biopsies were performed using Pipelle endometrial suction curette at least 5 months after the study began. The endometrium was classified as atrophic (negative finding) and proliferative or hyperplastic (positive findings). The study and control groups were compared for demographic characteristics, risk factors for endometrial cancer, histological findings and the duration of tamoxifen treatment. RESULTS: A significantly greater prevalence of endometrial abnormalities existed among the tamoxifen-treated than control patients (76 vs. 33%, p < 0.001). The abnormal endometrial changes were further demarcated in both groups into proliferative (54 vs. 26.7%, p = 0.02) and hyperplastic (22 vs. 6.6%, p = NS). In the study group, 63.6% of hyperplastic endometrium was simple hyperplasia and 36.4% was complex/no atypia hyperplasia, while in the control group all the cases were simple hyperplasia. No endometrial cancer was detected in either group. In addition, there was a positive association between the duration of tamoxifen exposure (<1 year vs. >/=1 year) and the endometrial abnormalities (46.6 vs. 88.6%, p = 0.003; proliferative 57.1 vs. 74.1%, p = 0.015; hyperplastic 42.8 vs. 25.8%, p = NS). CONCLUSION: The adjuvant use of tamoxifen is associated with significant time-dependent abnormal endometrial changes among patients with cancer of the breast.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A survey of 150 video-assisted thoracoscopic procedures in Kuwait.

OBJECTIVE: To review our experience of indications, technique, and complications as they relate to video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) in the diagnosis and management of intrathoracic diseases. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: One hundred and fifty consecutive VATS procedures, which were performed over a 3-year period, were retrospectively evaluated. Indications included recurrent or persistent primary spontaneous pneumothorax (n = 73 patients), lung biopsies for diagnosis of diffuse lung disease (n = 33), pleural biopsies (n = 18), wedge resections of pulmonary nodules (n = 8), bilateral thoracic sympathectomy (n = 6), decortication (n = 5), mediastinal tumor biopsies (n = 5), excision of bullous emphysema (n = 1), and removal of a foreign body from the pleural cavity (n = 1). An alternative method of manipulating thoracoscopic instruments without using a trocar is described. RESULTS: Of the 150 VATS procedures, 127 (85%) were successfully performed, 6 (4%) were converted to thoracotomy and 17 (11%) had complications. The most common complication was prolonged air leak, which occurred in 9 patients. The average postoperative hospital stay was 4 days (range: 2-17). Diagnostic procedures were considered successful in 32 out of 33 lung biopsies and in all 18 patients with pleural diseases, 8 lung nodules, or 5 mediastinal tumor biopsies. The other 86 therapeutic VATS procedures were effective in 82 (95%) patients. Four (5%) patients had a recurrence of the pneumothorax after VATS. CONCLUSION: Thoracoscopy and the use of a nontrocar technique is a safe and effective method for the diagnosis and treatment of intrathoracic diseases.

Adolescent↗