Sexual behaviors and attitudes of high school students in the kingdom of Swaziland.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Adolescent↗
SEARCH · PubMed Health
Results for “Multiple Partners”
Explore indexed PubMed citations for clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health research. Read source abstracts and follow each citation to its original PubMed record.
Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.
The effects of psychiatric comorbidity on response to an HIV prevention intervention.
Drug abusers with psychiatric comorbidity are at high risk for becoming exposed to HIV. To address this compelling public health issue, our randomized HIV prevention study compares the effectiveness of the NIDA standard HIV testing and counseling protocol to a four session, peer-delivered, educational intervention for out-of-treatment cocaine users with and without antisocial personality disorder (ASPD) and major depression. Among the 966 out-of-treatment cocaine users who have completed the 3 month follow-up, all groups, regardless of assignment to standard vs. peer-delivered intervention or psychiatric status, improved significantly in: crack cocaine use, injection drug use, number of IDU sex partners and overall number of sex partners, but not in condom use. Nevertheless, when stratified by psychiatric status, ASPD was associated with significantly less improvement in crack cocaine use (P = 0.04) and with a trend for less improvement in having multiple sex partners and having IDU sex partners (P = 0.06 and 0.08, respectively). ASPD status was not associated with change in injection drug use or condom use. Depression was associated with a trend (P = 0.07) for greater improvement in crack cocaine use but not in any of the other behaviors. When examining the standard and peer intervention groups separately, no consistent differences in the association of psychiatric comorbidity with outcome were discerned between the two groups. We conclude that persons with ASPD and depression respond well to standard HIV prevention interventions, but these psychiatric disorders respectively attenuate and enhance response somewhat. Behavioral interventions tailored for persons with these conditions may be indicated if long-term change in HIV risk behaviors is to be achieved.
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
Identification of human papillomavirus seroconversions.
The temporal relationship between primary genital human papillomavirus (HPV) infections and the induction of antibodies against viral antigens has not been established. In order to address this question we studied a cohort of 110 women and 48 men with multiple heterosexual partners, who were followed for 220 person-years during which they made 583 visits to the sexually transmitted diseases clinic of the Amsterdam Public Health Service. At each visit spatula or brush samples from multiple anogenital and oral sites were collected for HPV DNA analysis by PCR. Serum samples were also collected and analysed for serological reactivity to peptides derived from the L1, L2 and E2 regions of HPV types 6, 16 and 18 as well as to bovine papillomavirus and HPV-16 virus-like particles. Seroconversions for at least three antigens were found among 16/158 patients. Of these, 10/16 were HPV-positive and in 5/16 cases seroconversions occurred concomitantly with the detection of HPV DNA. Analysis of participants who were HPV-negative at entry, but became HPV DNA-positive during follow-up revealed that antibodies against several HPV antigens were regularly induced at the time of a new HPV infection, in particular the IgG responses against HPV-16 virus-like particles and against the HPV-16 E2-derived peptide 245. Whereas the responses induced among the women with new HPV-16 infection tended to continuously increase, the responses among the men with any type of new HPV infection were mostly transient and disappeared during follow-up. In conclusion, we find that antibody responses to multiple viral antigens are often induced following the detection of genital HPV infection, that the type-specificity of the response is limited and that transient responses are common.
Adolescent↗
Sex trade, sexual risk, and nondisclosure of HIV serostatus: findings from HIV-infected persons with a history of alcohol problems.
The purpose of this study was to assess the relationships between disclosure of HIV serostatus to sex partners and recent sexual risk behavior, substance abuse, and violence among sexually active HIV-infected patients with a history of alcohol problems. Participants (n = 124) were 79% males; age 25-61 years; 49% Black; and 35% with less than a high school education. Separate logistic regression models were used to assess relationships between each independent variable of interest and nondisclosure. Results demonstrate that buying sex and having more than one sex partner in the past 6 months were significantly associated with nondisclosure of HIV serostatus to a sex partner. Findings from this study underscore the ongoing need for behavioral interventions with HIV-infected individuals concerning disclosure. Programs that emphasize serostatus disclosure and/or consistent condom use in the context of sex trade and with multiple sexual partners will be particularly important.
Adult↗
Body piercing, personality, and sexual behavior.
The associations of body piercing with other social characteristics, personality, and sexual behavior were investigated in a population-based sample of young adults, in light of the theory that body piercing has meaning in terms of a corporeal expression of the self. At age 26 years, 966 (95%) of 1019 members of the birth-cohort of the Dunedin Multidisciplinary Health and Development Study were asked about body piercing (at interview) and sexual behavior (questions presented by computer). Assessment of personality traits was conducted at ages 18 or 21 years. In total, 183 participants (9% of the men and 29% of the women) had piercings at a site other than the earlobes. People who lived outside New Zealand or who were of Maori descent were more likely to be pierced, but unemployment and low occupational status were not significantly related to piercing. Women who were pierced, compared with those without piercings, were more likely to have personality traits of low constraint or high negative emotionality. Women with piercings were also more likely to report having had, during the previous year, five or more heterosexual partners (odds ratio, 5.8, 95% CI: 2.3-14.6) or any same-sex partner involving genital contact (odds ratio, 10.3, CI: 2.9-37.2). The associations with sexual behavior in men were weaker and not statistically significant. In this population, body piercing in women was associated with sexual behavior. Having multiple heterosexual partners or any same-sex partner was very rare among women without piercings. The theory of meaning for body piercing was generally supported, offering the possibility of a richer understanding of this phenomenon in the general population.
Adult↗
Determinants for non-use of contraception at first intercourse; a study of 10841 young Danish women from the general population.
Based on interview data from 10841 Danish women aged 20 to 29 years, determinants for non-use of contraception at first intercourse (NU) were studied. One-fourth of the women (n = 2704) reported NU, whereas condoms and oral contraceptives were used by, respectively, 59% and 15%. NU decreased with the birth year of the first male partner (OR = 3.6; 95% CI: 2.8-4.8 for or=17 years) at the expense of both oral contraception and condom use. Finally, NU was found to predict high-risk sexual behavior in terms of subsequent multiple sex partners, non-use of condoms, and induced abortion.
Adolescent↗
Sex partners and herpes simplex virus type 2 in the epidemiology of cancer of the cervix.
The authors examined the interaction of exposure to various numbers of sex partners and evidence of antibodies to herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) in cervical neoplasia in 181 cases of cervical dysplasia, carcinoma in situ and cancer of the cervix and 130 control patients in Los Angeles County, California hospitals, in 1974-1979. Studies by the authors and other investigators have found that risk of cancer of the cervix was enhanced with numbers of sex partners, frequency and duration of using the vaginal douche, early age at first pregnancy, and antibodies to HSV-2 as measured by radioimmunoassay. In this study, it was found that for women with only one or no sex partner in their history, risk was elevated if evidence of antibodies to HSV-2 were present. The same was true for women with two or more sex partners. The risk associated with two or more sex partners was not higher than that for women with one sex partner among those positive for HSV-2, and among those negative for HSV-2. Thus, although this inquiry needs replication on larger numbers of women, whatever the other microorganisms or carcinogens patients were exposed to with multiple sex partners, there was no apparent effect beyond the fact that HSV-2 raises the risk of cancer of the cervix. This may strengthen credence in the hypothesis that HSV-2 is an etiologic factor in cervical cancer.
Adult↗
The intrauterine contraceptive device and acute salpingitis: a multifactor analysis.
From an indigent population hospitalized with acute salpingitis, 163 patients were compared with 222 control patients from the minor trauma section of the emergency room. Four factors were significantly different between cases and controls: race, type of contraception, number of sex partners, and previous history of salpingitis. A discriminate analysis based on a linear logistic equation demonstrated that each risk factor was independent rather than a reflection of another risk factor. Thus factors associated with race, IUD use, multiple sexual partners, and previous salpingitis increase the risk of salpingitis in the population studied.
Acute Disease↗
Sex related HIV risk behaviors: differential risks among injection drug users, crack smokers, and injection drug users who smoke crack.
This study was designed to assess differences in sex-related risk behaviors between drug injectors who did not smoke crack cocaine, crack smokers who did not inject drugs, and drug users who both injected drugs and smoked crack. Current drug users (i.e. used within the past 30 days) from 22 cities were recruited and assessed. The sample (n = 26,982) included 28% who injected only, 42% who smoked crack only, and 30% who both injected and smoked crack. Results showed that active drug users were at risk of HIV infection through sexual transmission: in the 30 day period prior to their interview, 28% reported sex with two or more individuals, 23% had an IDU sex partner, and 24% had exchanged sex for drugs or money. In addition, more than 80% did not use a condom during sex. Crack only smokers and crack smoking injectors were more likely than injectors only to report multiple sex partners and exchanging sex. Because of these high risk behaviors, condom use was of particular importance. The number of days of alcohol use and having an IDU sex partner were independently associated with not using a condom. Crack smoking injectors reported the highest average number of days of alcohol consumption and were the most likely to have had an IDU sex partner.
Adult↗
Serological and epidemiological considerations of the role of herpes simplex virus type 2 in cervical cancer.
To assess the possible biological significance of the observations that women with cervical cancer tend to be younger at first intercourse than control women, data from 1823 women were analyzed for the relationship between age at 1st intercourse and number of sex partners. Women who were younger at first intercourse had more sex partners than did women who were older at first intercourse. The interdependence of age at first intercourse and number of sex partners does not exlude the possibility that intercourse at an early age represents a biologically significant event in which the neoplastic process is initiated. However, it is equally possible that younger women at first intercourse may have multiple sex partners and be at greater risk of coming in contact with a putative oncogenic agent later in life. In addition, sera from patients with herpesvirus infections were assayed for cross-reacting and type-specific antibodies. Approximately 80% of the total antibody activity was to the cross-reacting antigen and only 20% was to the type-specific antigens in the sera of patients infected with either type 1 or type 2 virus. Among patients infected with both types of virus, less antibody activity to the type-specific antigens and more antibody activity to the cross-reacting antigens were found. These observations are discussed with respect to case-control seroepidemiological studies.
Age Factors↗
Determinants and consequences of adolescent pregnancies in Cameroon.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Adolescent↗
Men to blame for spread of STDs, AIDS?
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
Prevalence of HIV infection and high-risk activities in Haiti.
The prevalence of antibodies to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) was determined in the relatives, friends, and sex partners of AIDS patients in Haiti and in other unrelated Haitian population groups. Among contacts of AIDS patients, HIV seroprevalence was highest among sex partners of the opposite sex (55%) and lowest among female relatives and friends (9%) of female AIDS patients. Male relatives and friends of male AIDS patients had a seroprevalence rate of 19% and also had a history of multiple heterosexual partners and frequent contact with prostitutes. The HIV seroprevalence rate among unrelated groups of Haitian adults ranged from 2% in rural healthy adults to 22% among tuberculosis patients to a high of 49% among Haitian prostitutes. This seroprevalence pattern suggests that HIV infection is widespread in Haiti and that heterosexual activity plays a major role in transmission.
Bisexuality↗
Changes in HIV-related behaviors among heterosexual alcoholics following addiction treatment.
In order to measure changes in HIV-related behaviors among heterosexual alcoholics following treatment, we conducted a prospective cohort study of 700 self-identified alcoholics recruited from five public alcohol treatment centers, all of which included HIV risk-reduction counseling. Respondents underwent an HIV antibody test and interviewer-administered questionnaire at entry to alcohol treatment and after a mean of 13 months later. Compared to baseline, at follow-up there was an overall 26% reduction in having sex with an injection-drug-using partner (23% versus 32%, P < .001) and a 58% reduction in the use of injection drugs (15% versus 37%, P < .001), along with smaller improvements in other behaviors. Respondents also showed a 77% improvement in consistent condom use with multiple sexual partners (35% versus 20%, P < .01) and a 23% improvement in partner screening (71% versus 57%, P < .001). Respondents who remained abstinent showed substantially greater improvement than those who continued to drink.
Adult↗
SEXUAL HEALTH, REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH, SEXUAL COERCION, AND PARTNER ABUSE INDICATORS IN A CANADIAN OBSTETRICS AND GYNAECOLOGY OUTPATIENT POPULATION.
OBJECTIVES: to assess prevalence and correlates of sexual health, reproductive health, sexual coercion, and partner abuse in a Canadian obstetrics and gynaecology outpatient population, and to determine whether women who report concerns in these areas have ever discussed them with their physicians. METHODS: a self-administered questionnaire was completed by 409 women (93.8% response rate) attending two hospital-based obstetrics and gynaecology outpatient clinics in a mid-size Canadian city. RESULTS: significant, prevalent, and clinically neglected sexual health, reproductive health, sexual coercion, and partner abuse concerns were reported, including: chronic and troubling dyspareunia (37%), dysmenorrhea (47%), and premenstrual syndrome (57%), infrequent breast self-examination (53%), inconsistent contraceptive use despite the desire not to conceive (41%), inconsistent condom use among those with multiple sexual partners (82%), sexual dysfunction (76% reported at least one sexual function concern), and a history of sexual coercion (23%) and physical partner abuse (19%). Only a small minority of women who reported sexual or reproductive health or sexual coercion or partner abuse concerns had ever discussed these concerns with their physician. CONCLUSION: these findings provide an empirical profile of significant and prevalent, but clinically neglected, women's health concerns. The findings suggest the need for increased clinical attention to the range of problems surveyed.
Journal Article↗
Early sexual initiation and subsequent sex-related risks among urban minority youth: the reach for health study.
CONTEXT: Since the 1980s, the age at which U.S. teenagers, especially minority youth, begin having sex has decreased. There is limited information on the relationship between early sexual initiation and subsequent risky sexual behaviors. METHODS: A sample of 1,287 urban minority adolescents completed three surveys in seventh and eighth grade, and 970 completed a follow-up in 10th grade. Logistic regression was used to test the effects of timing of initiation on 10th-grade sexual behaviors and risks, adjusting for gender, ethnicity and age. RESULTS: At baseline, 31% of males and 8% of females reported sexual initiation; by the 10th grade, these figures were 66% and 52%, respectively. Recent intercourse among males increased from 20% at baseline to 39% in eighth grade; 54% reported recent sex and 6% had made a partner pregnant by 10th grade. Among females, recent intercourse tripled from baseline to eighth grade (5% to 15%); 42% reported recent sex and 12% had been pregnant by grade 10. Early initiators had an increased likelihood of having had multiple sex partners, been involved in a pregnancy, forced a partner to have sex, had frequent intercourse and had sex while drunk or high. There were significant gender differences for all outcomes except frequency of intercourse and being drunk or high during sex. CONCLUSIONS: Minority adolescents who initiate sexual activity early engage in behaviors that place them at high risk for negative health outcomes. It is important to involve parents and schools in prevention efforts that address sexual initiation in early adolescence and that target youth who continue to place themselves and their partners at risk.
Adolescent↗
Underlying factors in female sexual partner instability in Kampala.
Divorced or separated persons are more likely to be infected with HIV than those in marital unions: sexual partner instability appears to have significant implications in STD/HIV transmission. While this appears empirically true, most current STD/HIV preventive strategies do not seem to address partner instability as an important underlying factor in STD/HIV transmission and control. This paper describes reasons why young females may be motivated to change sexual partners or have more than one sexual partner. The problems appear to be dissatisfaction due to infidelity of the male partner, fear of getting STD from current partner, drunken or unattractive male partner, economic problems, lack of leisure time together, male partner's children with other women, and male partner's relatives' influence. STD/AIDS Control Programs should note that dissatisfaction with partner may be an underlying factor in HIV transmission.
Adolescent↗
Epidemiology of AIDS in Africa--part 2.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗