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At least 739 records · Page 41Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Detection of malignant soft tissue tumors in bone imaging.

A total of 2530 consecutive bone scans were examined to evaluate the number and the type of soft tissue neoplasms detected with bone-seeking phosphonates. Sixty-eight primary or secondary soft tissue neoplasms of 63 patients accumulated 99mTc -methylene diphosphonate and 2 accumulated 99mTc -diphosphonate, and one metastasis was seen as a nonactive 'cold' focus in the urinary bladder. The localization of tumors was: 19 in the lung, 15 in the liver, 11 in the kidney, 10 in the peritoneal cavity or ascites, 5 in the large bowel, 4 in the vascular or lymphatic system, 3 in the connective tissue or muscles, 2 in the ovary, 1 in the urinary bladder, and 1 in the brain. Our results differ in many respects from those reported in the literature. The causes of the differences are discussed.

Abdominal Neoplasms↗
PubMed1996

Induction of primary cutaneous melanocytic neoplasms in urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA)-deficient and wild-type mice: cellular blue nevi invade but do not progress to malignant melanoma in uPA-deficient animals.

Evidence suggests that the plasminogen activators (PAs), in particular urokinase-type PA (uPA), play a pivotal role in tumor invasion and metastasis. We studied the contribution of the PAs to the malignant phenotype through the chemical induction of melanocytic neoplasms in uPA-deficient mice. Primary tumors were induced and promoted concurrently in 35 uPA-/- deficient and 35 uPA+/+ wild-type mice using a single application of 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene followed by repetitive applications of croton oil. Animals were sacrificed at 60-day intervals for 1 year. At necropsy, the four largest pigmented lesions in each animal were excised, characterized histologically, and evaluated microscopically for evidence of invasion. The regional lymph nodes, lungs, and solid abdominal visceral organs were sectioned and examined microscopically for evidence of metastatic disease. Cellular blue nevi were induced in 100% of uPA-/- and uPA+/+ promoted animals. Although a reduction in the radial and vertical progression of these lesions was noted in the uPA-deficient mice compared with the wild-type group, more than 95% of cellular blue nevi induced in both groups of animals invaded the underlying tissues. These lesions did not metastasize to the regional lymph nodes. Malignant melanoma arose in 5 of 35 (14.3%) of promoted wild-type mice. These tumors were locally aggressive, produced tissue-type PA, but were not metastatic to the regional nodes, lungs, or abdominal viscera. These results indicate that the invasive capability of melanocytic lesions may depend more on tissue-type PA than uPA activity. No melanomas were induced in the uPA-/- mice. The resistance of the uPA -/- strain to melanoma induction suggests that uPA contributes to malignant progression. We propose that the absence of uPA negatively affects tumorigenesis by decreasing the liberation and availability of growth factors such as basic fibroblast growth factor.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

Plasminogen activator system, vascular endothelial growth factor, and colorectal cancer progression.

AIMS: To plasminogen activator system (PAS) consists of the plasminogen activators (urokinase (uPA) and tissue-type (tPA) plasminogen activators), the uPA receptor (uPAR), and the plasminogen activator inhibitors (PAI-1 and PAI-2). Plasminogen activators activate plasminogen to plasmin, which can break down extracellular matrix (ECM) components. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a mitogen for endothelial cells and is involved in angiogenesis. VEGF has been shown to upregulate uPA and this may facilitate tumour angiogenesis further. METHODS: PAS components and VEGF were determined by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in paired colorectal tumour and normal tissue (n = 50) and correlated with pathological staging. RESULTS: uPA, uPAR, PAI-1, and VEGF values were significantly higher in tumour tissue (for example, tumour uPA: median, 2.3 (range, 0.1-6.7) ng/mg protein v normal uPA: median, 0.2 (range, 0-2.6) ng/mg protein). tPA was significantly higher in normal mucosa and there was no difference in PAI-2. uPA, uPAR, PAI-1, and VEGF values significantly correlated with each other and with Dukes's staging (uPA in adenomas: median, 0.42 (range, 0.1-1.2) ng/mg protein; upA in Dukes's B tumours: median, 2.1 (range, 0.4-4.3) ng/mg protein; and uPA in Dukes's D tumours: median, 4.0 (range, 3.7-4.2) ng/mg protein) and lymphatic invasion. In addition PAI-1 also correlated with tumour size and differentiation. CONCLUSION: The involvement of the PAS and VEGF in colorectal cancer appears to be complex. uPA, uPAR, PAI-1, and VEGF were upregulated in tumour tissue and this correlated with Dukes's staging and lymphatic invasion.

Biomarkers, Tumor↗
PubMed1994

Analysis of the clinical effectiveness of 144 cases of soft tissue and superficial malignant tumours treated with electrochemical therapy.

Electrochemical therapy (ECT) was used for the treatment of 144 cases of soft tissue and superficial malignant tumours. All tumours were cytologically verified and included 39 soft-tissue sarcomas, ten head-neck cancers, 21 malignant melanomas, seven skin cancers, three cervical cancers, two breast cancers, 27 recurrent cancers and 35 metastatic cancers. The TNM stage of primary cancers were: T1: n = 28, T2: n = 36, T3: n = 12, and T4: n = 6. Among these, 23 cases were lymph nodes metastases and 12 systemic metastases. There were 43 cases of localised recurrent cancer and 19 cases of generalised metastatic disease. ECT was used to treat 128 cases once, nine cases twice, four cases three times and three four times. All patients received systemic chemotherapy for one to two cycles, and three of them were also treated by radiotherapy. The short-term effectiveness rate was 86.87% (125/144) with 81 complete response (CR) (tumour disappeared completely), accounting for 58.3% of all cases, 41 partial response (PR) (tumour regressed to more than half of its original size) accounting for 28.5%. Fourteen (9.7%) no change (NC); tumour regressed to less than half of its original size) and five (4.5%) progressive disease (PD); tumour did not regress or even increased in size). The short-term effectiveness rate in relation to tumour size was 94.5% (120/127) for tumour diameters of < 7 cm and 29.4% (5/17) for tumour diameters > 7 cm (p < 0.001). The long-term effectiveness, that is the survival rates for 1, 2, 3 and 4 years, was 83.3% (120/144), 74.1% (89/120), 84.3% (75/89) and 73.3% (55/75), respectively.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Surgical management of head and neck cancer.

Head and neck cancer surgery continues to evolve through the years and undergo improvement and refinement. In this article, the current state of head and neck cancer surgery is summarized in a site-by-site basis. The most important developments include organ-sparing surgery and microvascular free-tissue transfer for reconstruction.

Head and Neck Neoplasms↗
PubMed2004

Outcome of paraaortic node-positive pancreatic head and bile duct adenocarcinoma.

BACKGROUND: This retrospective study aimed to identify the clinicopathologic features and surgical results of paraaortic node-positive periampullary adenocarcinoma. METHODS: Between 1995 and 1999, 101 patients underwent pancreatectomy with regional and paraaortic lymphadenectomy. Fifteen (15%) patients had histologically proven paraaortic lymph node disease. RESULTS: The 15 patients included 9 (26%) of 34 patients with pancreatic head carcinoma and 6 (17%) of 36 patients with bile duct adenocarcinoma. All 15 patients had locally advanced tumor invading adjacent structures. The 1-, 2-, and 3-year survival rates were 33%, 27%, and 0%, with median survival of 12 months (range 3 to 33). In patients with pancreatic head carcinoma or bile duct adenocarcinoma, survival curve for those without paraaortic lymph node metastasis was significantly better than that for those with involved paraaortic lymph nodes (P = 0.0033 or P = 0.0149). CONCLUSIONS: When the paraaortic lymph nodes obtained from sampling biopsy are histologically positive, radical pancreatectomy with extended lymphatic and soft tissue clearance should be abandoned owing to poor outcome.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1987

Cancer mortality of capacitor manufacturing workers.

Experimental studies have demonstrated that certain types of commercially produced polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are carcinogenic. Data in humans are still controversial. This study was undertaken in order to determine possible long-term effects, particularly cancer, in workers engaged in the manufacture of capacitors impregnated with PCBs in a plant operating since 1946. All workers employed for at least 1 week between 1946 and 1978 were admitted to the study (544 males and 1,556 females), and their mortality was examined for the period 1946-1982. Data on environmental contamination, workers' PCBs intake, and health effects (chloracne) were available, which documented the general exposure conditions in the plant. Vital status was ascertained for over 99% of the subjects, and death certificates were obtained for all deceased persons. Expected deaths were calculated using two sets of mortality rates, national and local. Among male workers, cancer deaths (14 obs.) were significantly increased as were deaths owing to cancer of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract (6 obs.). Also, mortality from hematologic neoplasms (3 obs.) and lung cancer (3 obs.) was higher than expected; however, the excess was statistically not significant. Female workers exhibited an overall mortality that was significantly increased above expectations. Cancer deaths (12 obs.) and hematologic neoplasms (4 obs.) were significantly higher than expected when compared with the local population. Interpretation of the results is limited by the small number of deaths; however, the point of interest is the consistency of these results with previous experimental and epidemiologic studies, which indicated the GI tract and lymphatic and hemopoietic tissue as the most probable target sites of the PCBs carcinogenic activity.

Digestive System Neoplasms↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Pathohistological criteria in the treatment of stage I a cervical carcinoma (author's transl)].

The work is an attempt to define the stage Ia of squamous carcinoma of the cervix on the basis of morphological criteria. These criteria, with the collaboration of pathologist and gynecologist, would allow the best treatment. They are based on the evaluation of the cellular type, mitotic activity, the pattern of invasion, the tissue defense reaction, the presence of lymphatic and vascular spread, and the size of carcinomatous tissue.

Carcinoma↗
PubMed2004

Molecular profiling and the identification of genes associated with metastatic oral cavity/pharynx squamous cell carcinoma.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate differences in gene expression profiles between oral cavity/oropharynx squamous cell carcinoma (OC/OP SCC) primary tumors that have metastasized to cervical lymph nodes and nonmetastatic OC/OP SCC tumors. DESIGN: Oligonucleotide microarray analysis of primary tumors was used to produce gene expression profiles. Profile comparisons between metastatic and nonmetastatic tumors were performed using principal component analysis, t test, and fold change differences. A similar comparison between metastatic tumors and noncancer oral mucosa samples was performed to ensure tumor origin. SUBJECTS: A prospective cohort of 20 patients with previously untreated OC/OP SCC who underwent pathologic staging following surgical resection and lymphadenectomy. RESULTS: Of the approximately 9600 genes profiled, 101 demonstrated significant expression differences between the metastatic and nonmetastatic tumors (fold change > or =1.5; P<.01). Among this subset, 57 genes also exhibited significant differences between metastatic tumors and normal mucosa samples (fold change > or =1.5; P<.05). This profile included genes related to the extracellular matrix, adhesion, motility, inflammation, and protease inhibition. Collagen type 11 alpha-1 (COL11A1) demonstrated the greatest differential expression between metastatic and nonmetastatic OC/OP SCC tumors (fold change=7.61; P=.002). Tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 1 (TIMP-1) also demonstrated increased expression in metastatic tumors (fold change=3.3; P=.003). CONCLUSIONS: Metastatic OC/OP SCC has a distinct gene expression profile compared with nonmetastatic OC/OP SCC and normal oral mucosa. This metastatic profile includes genes related to the extracellular matrix, adhesion, motility, and protease inhibition. Knowledge gained through tumor gene expression profiling may facilitate early detection of aggressive tumors and targeted therapeutic interventions.

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Sarcoma management based on a standardized TNM classification.

The proper management of soft tissue sarcomas, that offering the highest cure rate while attempting limb sparing should the extremities be involved, requires a standard approach best achieved with the TNM classification. Such staging of the sarcomatous lesion is based primarily on the histologic grade, followed by size and finally histologic classification. The definitive approach is surgical, with muscle group dissection employed at all sites, including the extremities, trunk, and head and neck region. Radiation therapy alone or in combination with chemotherapy improves survival in all high-grade lesions at risk for recurrence. Evaluation of the primary and recurrent lesion by computed tomography, magnetic resonance when necessary, and angiography offers the best approach for evaluation of the lesion in treatment planning.

Antineoplastic Agents↗
PubMed1980

[Respiratory complications in lymphatic neoplasm of the mediastinum. A case report (author's transl)].

In this case report two accidents are described, in which a tracheal stenosis has happened. The stenosis in both cases was evoked by lymphatic neoplasms in the mediastine. The kinetics of the lymphatic fluid in anaesthesia and in intermittent positive pressure ventilation are discussed. The first patient had to be radiated with the "Gammatron" for reduction of lymphatic tissue in the following four days and then he could be extubated. The second patient could be extubated the same day after CPAP breathing for several hours.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Melanoma developing from a cellular blue nevus].

A rare observation of melanoma developing in the presence of the cellular blue nevus of the ear lobe with a comparatively favourable course is presented. Melanoma metastases appeared in the right parotid salivary gland and lymph nodes 25 years after removal of the primary tumor and 7 years of survival after parotidectomy and fascial dissection of the cervical adipose tissue.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

Cox-2 expression on tissue microarray of breast cancer.

AIM: To measure cyclooxygenase-2 (Cox-2) expression in a series of breast cancers and evaluate its potential as a predictive marker for doxorubicin chemotherapy. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Cox-2 expression was analyzed in 178 node-positive patients treated with doxorubicin-based adjuvant chemotherapy by immunohistochemistry on tissue microarray (TMA). RESULTS: Cox-2 was over-expressed in 70 out of the 178 invasive breast cancers. Cox-2 expression was significantly increased in undifferentiated tumors. There was no significant association between Cox-2 over-expression and tumor size, histologic grade, and estrogen receptor expression. Disease-free survival and overall survival of the patients having Cox-2 expressing tumor were significantly decreased when compared with the patients having Cox-2 negative tumor (p=0.009 for DFS, p=0.011 for OS). CONCLUSION: Cox-2 expression may represent an aggressive phenotype of breast cancer which is resistant to doxorubicin.

Antibiotics, Antineoplastic↗
PubMed1988

Usefulness of tissue polypeptide antigen in staging, monitoring, and prognosis of lung cancer.

A study of tissue polypeptide antigen (TPA) serum levels was conducted in patients with various cell types of bronchial carcinoma. A total of 548 assays (226 pretreatment) were evaluated. In all, the sensitivity of the test at diagnosis was 61 percent. It varied considerably in relation to the extent and site of disease. Individual pretreatment values of TPA correlated significantly with the stage of disease. Similarly, posttreatment TPA values related to disease evolution. In small cell carcinoma, eight of the 29 meaningful changes in follow-up levels of TPA preceded clinical recognition of disease status variations. Raised pretreatment values of TPA were significantly associated with a shortened survival. These results indicate that TPA may contribute to staging, monitoring, and prognosis of lung cancer.

Adult↗