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Results for “Spinal Dysraphism”

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PubMed1995

Dysraphic lesions of the cervical spinal cord.

Cervical spina bifida, either occult or overt, is relatively uncommon. These lesions tend to be associated with other abnormalities of the central nervous system and spine. For the occult dysraphic lesions, a Klippel-Feil syndrome is a particular association, especially the type I variety. For the spina bifida cystica lesions, the more common associated features include a Chiari II malformation and hydrocephalus. Spina bifida cystica in the cervical region is different from the myelomeningocele of the lower spine and is characterized by two types of abnormalities: the myelocystocele herniating posteriorly into a meningocele and a meningocele with or without an underlying split cord malformation. In both the occult dysraphic states and spina bifida cystica, there is underlying tethering of the cervical spinal cord, which can cause late neurologic deterioration, and surgical treatment is indicated both for cosmetic reasons and to untether the spinal cord. Children with spina bifida cystica may have neurologic dysfunction that may not be evident at birth or in the first few months of life but may be identifiable as the child grows older. One needs to be cautious about providing too optimistic a prognosis with respect to neurologic dysfunction based on a neonatal examination and to recognize that the appearance of neurologic deficits may not indicate deterioration.

Cervical Vertebrae↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Standardized sonographic investigation of the lumbar spine in 247 newborns].

Open dysraphism is generally known before birth due to prenatal screening but occult spinal malformation often remains unrecognized. Nevertheless, newborns with occult dysraphism could be easily diagnosed by ultrasound, which might be performed additionally to the neonatal screening of the hips. Early surgical treatment or close neuropediatric follow-ups could be administered as a consequence. As part of a prospective study-design, we screened the spinal cord of 247 newborns by ultrasound. Parents were interviewed about a positive family history, a folate intake during pregnancy, amniocentesis or chorionbiopsy. Clinically, cutaneous stigmata usually associated with occult spinal dysraphism were evaluated. An orthopedic and pediatric examination followed. The sonographic investigation was done in prone position using a newly designed positioning device. The sonographic examination was performed within 5 minutes and longitudinal and transversal pictures were taken for documentation. In all of the 247 examined newborns we were able to visualize the cartilageous structures of the spinal cord and the dural sack detailly. Dependent on the position of the newborn, variations of the width of the dural sack could be noted. Thus a newly designed positioning device helped to standardize the examination situation. We did not find any pathological changes of the spinal cord. Nevertheless ultrasonography provides a useful diagnostic tool in investigating the newborn where occult spinal dysraphism is expected.

Female↗
PubMed1998

Birthmarks to worry about. Cutaneous markers of dysraphism.

Most birthmarks are benign lesions of little concern. On rare occasions, though, congenital cutaneous lesions may indicate an underlying systemic disorder. This article provides an overview of midline cutaneous lesions that are associated with underlying cranial and spina dysraphic conditions.

Brain↗