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PubMed1973

The uvea.

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Adult↗
PubMed1975

The uvea.

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Animals↗
PubMed1976

Acquired toxoplasmic chorioretinitis.

A patient developed an acquired toxoplasmic chorioretinitis 11 days after exposure to infected animals. As systemic manifestations of the disease, the patient had rhinitis, sore throat, muscular pains, fatigue, cervical lymphadenopathy, and cardiac symptoms, with highly elevated Toxoplasma antibody titers. During treatment with prednisone, the chorioretinal lesion progressed to the macular area, but improvement was seen when pyrimethamine and sulfonamide therapy was started. The importance of this case relates to the unusual occurrence of acquired infection with systemic manifestations in toxoplasmic chorioretinitis and to the possibility of the transmission of toxoplasmosis by trophozoites in excretions.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Toxoplasmic retinochoroiditis: electron-microscopic and immunofluorescence studies of formalin-fixed tissue.

An 82-year-old white man had bilateral, chronic recurrent uveitis caused by Toxoplasma gondii. In spite of extensive therapy for toxoplasmosis, the left eye became painful and blind and was enucleated. Histopathologically, the retina disclosed unusually large numbers of necrotic cysts and a few presumably viable cysts containing crescent-shaped organisms and scanty free forms of T gondii. Electron-microscopic studies confirmed the presence of a true wall of the cysts as well as additional ultrastructural features highly characteristic of the parasite. Immunofluorescent studies of the formalin-fixed tissue demonstrated quite vividly the cysts, which stained variably according to the stage of viability of the organisms. In cases in which toxoplasmic retinochoroiditis has been suspected clinically but routine histologic preparations fail to reveal the organisms, the remaining formalin-fixed tissue should be examined by specific immunofluorescent methods to demonstrate antigenic material of the causative parasite.

Aged↗
PubMed1979

Clindamycin in chronic toxoplasmosis. Effect of periocular injections on recoverability of organisms from healed lesions in the rabbit eye.

Bilateral toxoplasmic retinochoroiditic scars were induced in 21 rabbits. Eleven rabbits were treated with clindamycin phosphate and ten rabbits received parallel injections of normal saline solution. All injections were made into Tenon's space. Toxoplasma organisms could be recovered from tissue suspensions of retina and choroid of four (18%) of the clindamycin-treated eyes, compared with recovery from 12(60%) of the 20 control eyes. There were significantly fewer Toxoplasma cysts in the hematoxylin-eosin-stained sections of the treated eyes than in similar sections of the untreated control eyes.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Pars plana vitrectomy for vitreous opacity secondary to presumed toxoplasmosis.

Four patients with vitreous opacity characterized by veil-like membranes with precipitates of presumed inflammatory cells had visual acuities in the affected eye of hand movements only, 20/200, 20/400, and 20/400 over a period of six months or longer. A history compatible with episodes of inflammation secondary to toxoplasmosis and a chorioretinal scar compatible with toxoplasmosis in the involved or opposite eye was present in each patient. Pars plana vitrectomy (with lensectomy in three of the four cases) has afforded information in regard to preoperative and postoperative management of such patients, as well as postoperative results.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Choroidoretinal vascular anastomosis.

Vascular anastomoses between the retina and choroid may occur in different congenital and acquired conditions. It has been postulated that the direction of blood flow in these anastomoses follows a pressure gradient characterized as follows: choroidal artery greater than retinal artery greater than retinal vein greater than choroidal vein. Of the four possible directions of blood flow between the two circulations that this theory allows, only three have previously been reported. The fourth, described in this report, is a choroidoretinal vascular anastomosis with blood flow from a choroidal vessel into a retinal vein.

Child↗
PubMed1984

Chorioretinal scars in Fuchs' heterochromic iridocyclitis.

To determine the incidence of chorioretinal lesions in patients with Fuchs' heterochromic iridocyclitis, we reviewed the records of all patients with this disease seen at the Indiana University Uveitis Service, Indianapolis, since 1963. For comparison the records of age- and sex-matched patients with HLA-B27-positive iritis were also reviewed. The incidence of chorioretinal lesions in one or both eyes of patients with Fuchs' heterochromic iridocyclitis was significantly higher than in the patients with HLA-B27-positive iritis or than expected in the general population. Among the types of lesions manifested, the most notable increase was in toxoplasmosislike lesions. However, two of the five patients with these lesions had negative indirect hemagglutination assays for toxoplasmosis, down to undiluted serum. The reason for the high incidence of chorioretinal lesions in patients with Fuchs' heterochromic iridocyclitis is unclear and may be related to immunologic changes in these patients.

Adolescent↗