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At least 739 records · Page 41Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

Natural menopause, oophorectomy, hysterectomy and the risk of osteoarthritis of the dip joints.

The purpose of this study was to determine whether postmenopausal women have an increased risk of developing radiological osteoarthritis (ROA), bony enlargement or Heberden's nodes of the distal interphalangeal (DIP) joints. Secondly, the effects of the duration of the postmenopausal period, age at menopause or duration of the fertile period on the occurrence of DIP-OA were studied. Data from a population survey were used and 143 postmenopausal women with a natural menopause, 53 with a hysterectomy and 75 with a hysterectomy and bilateral oophorectomy were compared with 374 premenopausal women. There was no significant association of these postmenopausal states with ROA, bony swelling or Heberden's nodes. Age adjusted odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals were 1.14 (0.68-1.91), 1.30 (0.72-2.35), 1.92 (0.77-4.76), respectively for the women with a natural menopause. After adjusting for age there was a positive relationship of Heberden's nodes with age at menopause and duration of the fertile period for women with a natural menopause.

Aging↗
PubMed1999

High resolution imaging of normal and osteoarthritic cartilage with optical coherence tomography.

OBJECTIVE: We describe optical coherence tomography (OCT), a high resolution micron scale imaging technology, for assessment of osteoarthritic articular cartilage microstructure. OCT is analogous to ultrasound, measuring the intensity of backreflected infrared light rather than acoustical waves. METHODS: OCT imaging was performed on over 100 sites on 20 normal and osteoarthritic cartilage specimens in vitro. RESULTS: Microstructures that were identified included fibrillations, fibrosis, cartilage thickness, and new bone growth at resolutions between 5 and 15 microm. In addition, the polarization sensitivity of imaging suggested a diagnostic role of polarization spectroscopy. CONCLUSION: OCT represents an attractive new technology for intraarticular imaging due to its high resolution (greater than any available clinical technology), ability to be integrated into small arthroscopes, compact portable design, and relatively low cost.

Arthrography↗
PubMed1983

The geriatric bunion: correction of metatarsus primus varus and hallux valgus with the Swanson total joint implant.

The authors have evaluated the long-term results of the Keller/Mayo bunionectomy with replacement of the first metatarsophalangeal joint with a Silastic double-stemmed implant (Swanson design). Examination of 50 preoperative and postoperative radiographs revealed a decrease in the hallux abductus angle of 21.46 +/- 2.66 degrees, and the intermetatarsal angle of 6.40 +/- 0.67 degrees; both of these figures have a statistically significant probability value of 0.05 attached. The mean patient age at time of surgery was 61.31 years; the mean follow-up time was 5.01 months. A literature review of implant arthroplasty for correction of hallux abducto valgus deformity is also presented.

Aged↗
PubMed1984

Complications of silicone implants in foot surgery.

Silicone rubber arthroplasty has been used in the foot with great success and with devastating failure. In an effort to understand why certain cases are successes and why certain cases are failures, a systematic investigation of several factors is necessary. A certain relationship exists among the material of which the implant is made, the design of the implant and the function it is asked to perform, and the host response to the material or implant. Simply because a material has been shown inert when placed in relatively large pieces in the body is not reason enough to support its use. The design of the implant must be such that it re-establishes function parallel to an anatomic manner. Host response to a prosthesis may be viewed in light of the tissue response to the foreign body and also with regard to its effect on bone, synovium, and articular cartilage as an organ. One must consider not only biologic compatibility but also compatibility of physical properties and physiologic function. This article has attempted to address and organize implant surgery in just this manner described. Silicone rubber arthroplasty has been a very satisfying procedure for both patient and surgeon. Complications do occur, and it is up to the surgeon to provide the analysis. The manufacturer may provide the prosthesis but the responsibility lies with the surgical community to use implantation in a proper and appropriate manner.

Bone and Bones↗
PubMed1983

Intermetatarsal neuromas: distribution and etiologic factors.

This paper quantifies the sex, location, and forefoot imbalances most frequently affected with an intermetatarsal neuroma. The authors also examine the relationship between patients' weights and neuroma development. This study reviews the hospital records of 97 patients undergoing surgical excision of an intermetatarsal neuroma. The article reveals that four-fifths of the patients are females and that two-thirds of the neuromas occur in the third intermetatarsal space, with the second affected about one-half as often. The study discovers that 85% of the patients are overweight; further, three-quarters of unilateral neuromas present with a forefoot varus imbalance whereas the majority of bilateral neuromas present with a flexible forefoot valgus.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

Identical twins with the classical form of Schwartz-Jampel syndrome.

The Schwartz-Jampel syndrome is a rare disorder inherited as an autosomal recessive trait. The main clinical features of this syndrome include generalized myotonic myopathy, skeletal dysplasia, blepharophimosis, microstomia, contracture of joints and short stature. This report concerns a pair of female monozygotic twins with Schwartz-Jampel syndrome. Minor physical differences were found in the toes and joints affected. Additionally, both showed severe microcephaly and previously undescribed X-ray manifestations: a small skull, disproportion between skull and facial structures and dysharmonic bone maturation. This is the first report of identical twins with this syndrome.

Bone and Bones↗
PubMed1997

The classification of psoriatic arthritis: what will happen in the future?

Some patients with psoriasis have articular involvement that falls within the spectrum of seronegative spondyloarthropathies. This form of arthritis has been classified by Moll and Wright into five clinical subsets. Recently this classification has been contested. We review the historical evolution of the concept of psoriatic arthritis and discuss its clinical spectrum.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

Small joint synovitis in rheumatoid arthritis: should it be assessed separately?

In the assessment of disease activity in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) small joint synovitis is traditionally included only as a component of active, tender or swollen joint counts. By contrast, in the assessment of disease damage in RA, the X-ray score of hands and feet represents one of the most common parameters used and is regarded as a major indicator of outcome. Data presented in this study lead us to hypothesize that the small joints require separate assessment in any study of disease activity or outcome in RA: (i) there is clear evidence that small joint synovitis often occurs in the absence of an abnormal acute phase response (ESR or C-reactive protein) and (ii) measured synovitis is an individual (PIP) joint has been shown to be reliable and to be related to subsequent X-ray changes in the same joint. Our findings show that, in a study of a treatment of RA, it is quite possible for disease activity measures to appear controlled while inflammation continues in the small joints causing radiological damage. This radiological damage is reflected as an adverse outcome. Hence the paradox of improving disease activity but not outcome. We argue that small joint inflammation and damage should be recognized as one aspect of the RA disease process offering unique information and as such should be assessed independently.

Adult↗