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At least 739 records · Page 41Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

Vertigo after head injury--a five year follow-up.

Three hundred and twenty-one head injury patients investigated at the Workmen's Compensation Board Hospital and Rehabilitation Centre were studied. The patients were classified into two groups, minor and moderate according to the duration of post-traumatic amnesia. Post-traumatic vertigo was a significant symptom in 34 per cent and 50 per cent of the minor and moderate groups respectively. Based on the findings of full otoneurologic and vestibular examination, objective vestibular disorder was noted in 40 per cent and 65 per cent of the two vertiginous groups respectively. An approach to the interpretation of vestibular and oculomotor abnormalities is outlined in order to assign a peripheral (end organ or nerve), central (brainstem or cerebellar) or undertermined localization. Hearing loss occurred in 20 per cent of the minor and 72 per cent of th e moderate head injury patients tested. A five-year post head injury follow-up was available with respect to recovery of vertigo and work rehabilitation. The results of this follow-up are discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Compensatability and contact dermatitis in the canning industry.

If reports from the Workmen's Compensation Commissioner are compared with international figures, dermatitis in South African industry appears to be underestimated. Compensation for occupational dermatitis in South Africa relies on the presence of a positive patch test. A prevalence study at a canning factory in the western Cape showed high rates of dermatoses. No association could be shown between dermatitis, intertrigo or chronic paronychia and patch-test positivity. It is argued that patch-test positivity is purely coincidental to the dermatoses and that patch testing has little role to play where the majority of occupational dermatoses are irritant in nature. Reform of the system of compensation for occupational skin disorders is urgently needed and should be integrated in workplace-based preventive and curative programmes.

Dermatitis, Contact↗
PubMed1991

[Analysis of the results of surgery and nucleolysis using papain in 1085 cases of lumbar disk hernias].

1,085 patients have been treated for intervertebral disc herniation with lombo-sciatica: in 751 cases surgical discectomy without laminectomy has been performed with or without microscope; 334 underwent papain nucleolysis. The two clinical groups were separated on clinical and radiographic backgrounds: nucleolysis was performed in patients with no motor disturbance, no stenosis of the lumbar canal, no displaced fragment; the other patients received surgical treatment. The results were evaluated according to MacNab's criteria with a follow-up of 12 to 84 months (mean 17.2 months). The results after surgical treatment were excellent in 53.8% and good in 36.8% of the cases. For papain treatment they were excellent in 32.7% and good in 38.8% of the cases. Papain nucleolysis therefore appears to be an efficient method for the treatment of intervertebral disc herniations associated with lombo-sciatica but, overall, gives poorer results than surgery in spite of a strict selection procedure. In this study, complications due to papain nucleolysis were restricted to chemical spondylodiscitis (5 cases) and to 2 benign allergic syndromes. Statistical analysis of all the cases and multifactorial correlation research pointed out the importance of "workmen's compensation" as prognostic factor. Since this study, 90% of the patients presenting with disc herniation associated with lombo-sciatica recalcitrant to medical treatment undergo surgical discectomy; papain nucleolysis is reserved for sub-ligamentary and non-displaced forms without stenosis of the lumbar canal and represent 10% of our current population.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Charge auditing from a nursing perspective.

Many third-party payors, which include commercial health and auto insurance companies and workmen's compensation carriers, are requesting access to their clients' itemized patient statements and medical records for verifying accuracy of charges and documentation of services rendered. If even a portion of the payment is withheld until the audit is completed, slowing of cash flow results. A slow cash flow may ultimately have profound effects on the quality, or even availability, of patient care. Hospitals are finding it cost effective to have someone within their institution audit patient accounts and medical records to identify problem areas that may result in denial of payment. Nurses are being recruited to perform these audits because of their knowledge of documentation standards and patient account charging procedures. With this background, the nurse auditor is also able to assess educational needs of the nursing staff and work collaboratively with other departments to correct deficiencies.

Accounting↗
PubMed1990

Suicide cases in civil law: do the legal tests make sense?

The legal 'tests' for suicide liability in negligence and workmen's compensation law have developed along parallel, but not identical, lines to the tests for criminal responsibility. Current legal precedent has shifted the focus from cognitive awareness and irresistible impulse theories to the ability of a negligent act or injury to cause an abnormal mental state. The courts, in their variable interpretation of these mental state tests, leave no clear guidelines for the psychiatric expert asked to address suicidal behavior from the standpoint of responsibility.

Civil Rights↗
PubMed1990

Occupational health services in Johannesburg and Randburg.

Questionnaires were posted to 760 manufacturing organisations sampled from the 1986 Workmen's Compensation tape in the Johannesburg and Randburg areas. A response rate of 51% was obtained. The results indicate a general deficiency in the quantity of occupational health services offered. For example, only 57 factories (18%) offered a medical service on the premises, while pre-employment examinations were provided by 59. More larger factories than smaller ones provided occupational health services. There were also variations in the occupational health benefits provided, and salaried employees were generally better off than wage earners. For example, 62 factories (25%) did not provide medical schemes for wage earners, while only 5 (2%) did not provide medical schemes for salaried employees. Since the Erasmus Commission's findings were published in 1976, there does not appear to have been a substantial change in the provision of occupational health services in the manufacturing industry. With increasing urbanisation it is important that something be done to improve this situation.

Occupational Health Services↗
PubMed1989

The development of low-back pain after excision of a lumbar disc.

One hundred and twenty consecutive patients who had primary excision of a lumbar disc at a single level for predominantly radicular symptoms were studied. Of these patients, eighty-seven (72 per cent) were available for comprehensive review. The duration of follow-up ranged from twenty-four to eighty-seven months (average, thirty-eight months). Radiculopathy was initially relieved in eighty-six (99 per cent) of the patients, although six patients (7 per cent) had recurrent herniation, which was successfully treated by reoperation. In an additional twelve patients (14 per cent), the operation was deemed a failure due to subsequent disabling low-back pain. Narrowing of the disc space was present radiographically in 98 per cent of the patients, but the amount of narrowing did not correlate with the degree of low-back pain, the age of the patient, or the length of time after operation. Factors predisposing to failure of the operation due to disabling low-back pain included coverage under Workmen's Compensation (p less than 0.00001), a history of more than fifteen pack-years of cigarette-smoking (average, one pack a day for fifteen years) (p less than 0.01), and an age of more than forty years (p less than 0.05).

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Chronic low back pain: results of treatment at the Pain Therapy Center.

We evaluated the outcome of 100 consecutive patients with chronic benign low back pain admitted for comprehensive interdisciplinary rehabilitation at the Pain Therapy Center. The average patient had been disabled for nearly two years and had had two unsuccessful operations for pain relief. Seventy-two percent of the patients treated had open claims against their workmen's compensation carriers. Significant improvements were demonstrated in physical strength, stamina, endurance and overall level of physical activity, drug reduction, subjective pain intensity, and return to employment.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Occupational history-taking in the RSA.

Medical practitioners need to elicit a comprehensive occupational history from their patients, since this may play an integral part in establishing the diagnosis, may indicate the most appropriate form of management, and will ensure that claims for Workmen's Compensation are initiated when appropriate. This history can also assist in identifying undetected workplace hazards and in formulating and testing hypotheses concerning the relationship of work to health. The particular problems encountered in taking an occupational history effectively in the RSA are discussed.

Asbestos↗