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Results for “construct validity”

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PubMed2004

Measuring fatigue in sarcoidosis: the Fatigue Assessment Scale (FAS).

Fatigue is a major problem in a wide range of diseases including sarcoidosis. However, there is no standard measure for assessing fatigue. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the usefulness of the Fatigue Assessment Scale (FAS) in two samples of sarcoidosis patients. Sample 1 included 1 046 members of the Dutch Sarcoidosis Society and Sample 2 consisted of 80 sarcoidosis patients of the outpatient clinic of the Sarcoidosis Management Centre Maastricht, the Netherlands. All patients completed the FAS as well as the 'energy and fatigue' subscale of the WHOQOL-100. Additionally, the participants of Sample 1 filled in the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). In addition, 241 patients of Sample 1 completed the FAS for the second time after a one-week interval. The FAS appeared to be a unidimensional scale. The content validity, construct validity and internal consistency of the FAS were good. The test - retest reliability was.89. Four FAS items appeared to have a gender bias: three items were uniformly biased and one item non-uniformly biased. Correction for gender bias in the calculation of the FAS total score is not indicated. In conclusion, the FAS is a promising measure for assessing fatigue in sarcoidosis patients.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1992

Development of an interview-based geriatric depression rating scale.

The geriatric depression rating scale (GDRS) is a new interview-based depression rating scale designed for use with adults 60 years of age or older. The scale was developed to fill a need for an instrument that would be sensitive to the problems encountered in assessing depression among older adults. The GDRS was designed by using items from the self-report Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) as topic areas in a structured clinical interview similar to that of the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HRSD). The 35-item rating scale was administered to 68 older individuals with a range of affective disturbance. The scale was found to have internal consistency and split-half reliability comparable to the HRSD and GDS. Concurrent validity, construct validity, external criterion validity, sensitivity, and specificity were all found to be acceptable.

Aged↗

PubMed1992

"Swimming-induced head twitching" in rats in the forced swimming test induced by overcrowding stress: a new marker in the animal model of depression?

We have used overcrowding stress to study the pathogenesis of depression and the action of antidepressant drugs. In the present study, the influence of overcrowding on behavior was assessed by the forced swimming test. All the stressed rats revealed highly characteristic head twitching movement, which was not inhibited by repeated administration of diazepam and haloperidol, but was markedly suppressed by repeated administration of desipramine and mianserine. A significant positive correlation in the number of twitching episodes in each stressed rat between the first and second forced swimming test was seen. These findings support the use of overcrowding of rats as a stressor in the animal depression model because it fulfills the criteria of the model; face validity, construct validity and predictive validity. We propose the adoption of "swimming head twitching" as a new marker in the animal model of depression.

Animals↗

PubMed1998

The validity and reliability of an asthma knowledge questionnaire used in the evaluation of a group asthma education self-management program for adults with asthma.

This paper reports aspects of the validity and reliability of an asthma general knowledge questionnaire for adults (AGKQA), developed as one of the outcome measures for a randomized controlled effectiveness trial of an asthma education program for adults with asthma. It also illustrates how study data can provide a valuable, generally neglected opportunity to assess the validity and reliability of a measure where resources are not available for the extensive investigation of these properties prior to administration of the measure in a study. The AGKQA was demonstrated to have good content and face validity. Construct validity assessed using the principal components method for factor analysis suggested the scale was unidimensional. Criterion-related validity, assessed using the contrasted groups method, demonstrated a significant difference (p < 0.0001) in total score and for 68% of item responses for the adults with and without direct experience of asthma. The Kuder-Richardson 20 reliability coefficient for internal consistency calculated using responses at baseline, immediately, and 12 months post-intervention were, respectively, 0.56, 0.80, and 0.75, indicating excellent reliability. The AGKQA is an acceptably valid and reliable measure for the assessment of program content mastery that it was designed to test.

Adolescent↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Reliability and validity of a single-item measure of job satisfaction.

PURPOSE: To investigate the reliability and validity of a single-item overall job satisfaction measure. METHODS: Public agency employees (n = 745) were surveyed regarding job satisfaction, work, personality, and health variables. The single-item measure underwent the following analyses: correction for attenuation formula to estimate minimum reliability; correlations with multiple-item job satisfaction, work, personality, and health measures to determine concurrent validity, construct validity, and specific relevance to health promotion; and logistic regression to determine the predictability of turnover intention. RESULTS: For the single-item measure the minimum reliability estimate was high, all correlational tests for validity were significant, logistic regression indicated substantial predictability of turnover intention, and correlations with the health measures were significant. DISCUSSION: These results are consistent with other studies and support the psychometric properties of this single-item overall job satisfaction measure. Limitations of the study and its implications for worksite health promotion are discussed.

Adult↗

PubMed1995

Measuring quality of care under Medicare and Medicaid.

The Health Care Financing Administration's (HCFA) approach to measuring quality of care uses an accepted definition of quality, explicit domains of measurement, and a formal validation procedure that includes face validity, construct validity, reliability, clinical validation, and tests for usefulness. The indicators of quality for Medicare and Medicaid patients span the range of service types, medical conditions, and payment systems and rest on a variety of data systems. Some have already been incorporated into operational systems while others are scheduled for incorporation over the next 3 years.

Aged↗

PubMed2001

Psychometric properties of the "Modified Transplant Symptom Occurrence and Symptom Distress Scale".

The aim of this study was to assess key aspects of the reliability and validity of the "Modified Transplant Symptom Occurrence and Distress Scale," an instrument measuring symptom experience associated with side effects of triple drug therapy in transplant patients. This cross-sectional, comparative study included 108 renal transplant recipients (61% men; 39% women) with a median age of 47 years and a median posttransplant status of 5.5 years. Renal transplant patients were matched by age and gender with 108 healthy control persons not taking immunosuppressive drugs. Content validity, construct validity and discriminant validity of the instrument were substantiated. Internal consistency reliability was not useful to assess in this instrument, as the conditions for calculating Cronbach's alpha were not satisfied. These findings document the validity of the "Modified Transplant Symptom Occurrence and Symptom Distress Scale" as an instrument to measure symptom experience with immunosuppressive drugs.

Anti-Inflammatory Agents↗

PubMed2001

Development of the Perceived Multiple Role Stress Scale (PMRS).

Assessment of women's perception of multiple-role stress arising from occupancy of the maternal and student role is crucial if we are to engage in prevention and intervention strategies. Existing measures do not fully address the components of multiple role stress in this population: emotional role ambiguity, person-role and inter-role conflict. This article describes the development of the Perceived Multiple Role Stress Scale (PMRS) which was derived from Kahn, Wolfe, Quinn and Snoek's (1964) systems-based role theory. The 8-item, 3-factor PMRS measures multiple role stress in women who are both mothers and students. Review of the PMRS by role stress and women's roles experts supported content validity. Construct validity was supported in three phases over a five-year period. It is recommended that the three correlated factors be used as one eight-item scale. The internal consistency for the PMRS was .86.

Adult↗

PubMed2003

World Health Organization Quality of Life Assessment: brief version in Bahasa Malaysia.

WHOQOL-100, a 100 items quality of life assessment by WHO is too lengthy to be applicable in researches where the quality of life is one of the many variables of interest. The abbreviated version with 26 items is more acceptable by subjects, especially those with illness. The generic and the abbreviated Malay version were given to subjects who were healthy and with illness. Results showed that the domain scores produced by WHOQOL-BREF correlate highly with that of WHOQOL-100. WHOQOL-BREF domain scores demonstrated good discriminant validity, construct validity, internal consistency and test-retest reliability. The study indicates that WHOQOL-BREF in its brevity offers a valid and reliable assessment of quality of life.

Health Surveys↗

PubMed2005

[Development and evaluation of psychometric tests of the Chinese-version of low vision quality of life questionnaire].

OBJECTIVE: To develop and evaluate a Chinese language vision health related quality-of-life (VRQoL) questionnaire. METHODS: The low vision quality of life questionnaire (LVQOL) was translated and adapted into the Chinese-version low vision quality of life questionnaire (CLVQOL). The systematic protocols were set as 3 forward translations, 2 committee reviews and 1 back-ward translation. The CLVQOL was performed in 100 randomly selected people with low vision (primary group) and 100 people with normal vision (control group). Ninety-four participants from the primary group completed the CLVQOL and repeated 2 weeks later (test-retest group). The results were compared with patient demographics and the internal consistency reliability, test-retest reliability, item-internal consistency, item-discrimination validity, construct validity and discrimination validity of the CLVQOL were calculated. RESULTS: The review committee agreed that the CLVQOL replicated the meaning of the LVQOL and was sensitive to cultural adaptations. The Cronbach alpha coefficient and the split-half coefficient for the four scales and total CLVQOL scales were 0.75 to 0.97. The test-retest reliability as estimated by intraclass correlation coefficient was 0.69 to 0.95. Item-internal consistency was > 0.4 and item-discrimination validity was generally < 0.40. The varimax rotation factor analysis of the CLVQOL identified four principal factors. All of the scores of four subscales and the total score of CLVQOL of the primary group were lower than those of the control group, both in patients and local residents. CLVQOL scores were highly correlated with visual acuity. CONCLUSIONS: The CLVQOL is a culturally specific VRQOL measure instrument. CLVQOL can satisfy conventional psychometric criteria, can discriminate visually healthy populations from low vision patients and is valuable in the clinical practice and in the screening of the community populations.

Adult↗

PubMed2005

Examining the Community Integration Measure (CIM): a replication study with life satisfaction.

OBJECTIVE: To examine instrument reliability, validity, factor structure, and conceptual underpinnings of the Community Integration Measure (CIM) with the Community Integration Questionnaire Revised (CIQ-R) and the Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS). DESIGN: A replication study. SETTING: Community living. PARTICIPANTS: Ninety-one participants: 51 individuals with a brain injury, and 40 without brain injury. MAIN OUTCOMES: Internal consistency, criterion validity, construct validity, discriminant validity factor structure. RESULTS: CIM items produced standardized alphas ranging from 0.72 to 0.83. Significant positive correlations were found among the CIM and both the CIQ-R and SWLS, with the CIM performing better with the SWLS than did the CIQ-R. The CIM discriminated between subject samples as well as by living arrangement. The factor loading solution revealed a three-factor model that explained 63.72 percent of the variance. CONCLUSION: The CIM shows good promise for capturing an individual's perception of community integration. The factor structure supports the original Model of Community Integration. Further research is needed to examine the influence of objective items on the CIM and Model of Community Integration.

Adult↗

PubMed2005

An outcome measure for Japanese people with knee osteoarthritis.

OBJECTIVE: We describe a new outcome measure for Japanese patients with knee osteoarthritis, the Japanese Knee Osteoarthritis Measure (JKOM). METHODS: The outcome measure was designed to incorporate the concepts of the World Health Organization's International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health 2001, and to reflect the specific Japanese cultural lifestyle, which differs from Western countries. To examine the validity and reliability of this measure and to determine the underlying set of measures, psychometric measurements including factor analysis were conducted in comparison with 2 other health related scales, the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis Index (WOMAC) and the Medical Outcomes Study 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36). The following psychometric properties were tested with this new measure: test and retest reliability, internal consistency, content validity, construct validity, and criterion related validity. RESULTS: The measure was proved to have sufficient reliability and validity by means of statistical evaluation and comparison with other health related scales. Three domains are clearly separated on the loading pattern by factor analysis: pain, limitation in mobility related to daily activity, and restriction of participation in social life and health perception. CONCLUSION: The JKOM, a new knee OA measure, has sufficient reliability and validity for studies of the clinical outcomes of Japanese people with knee OA.

Activities of Daily Living↗

PubMed2005

[Health-related quality of life as an outcome measure].

Objective health measures often correlate poorly with the personal burden of illness. Thus, over recent years, there has been a growing interest in health-related quality of life (QOL) as an outcome measure when evaluating treatment effects and health. Self-report instruments are the most commonly used method for measuring QOL, and estimates of reliability and validity assist the selection of appropriate QOL measures. The primary criteria for evaluating QOL instruments are test-retest reliability, internal consistency, content validity, criteria validity, construct validity and responsiveness. Responsiveness refers to an instrument's sensitivity towards changes in health. Knowledge about the methods used when validating QOL instruments may increase confidence in QOL as a relevant outcome measure in medical science. In the clinical setting, using QOL measures may help patients communicate their problems and help doctors and nurses to identify patients' major concerns.

Humans↗

PubMed1989

[Assessment instruments used in rehabilitation].

Nowadays the word assessment is commonly used in the field of health, but what aspects does it cover in rehabilitation medicine? This paper presents conceptual and operational approaches to the assessment of patients suffering from functional limitation. These systems of assessment either represent a global approach--considering patients' activities of daily living--or have been specifically elaborated for a category of patients such as those with quadriplegia. However, such instruments pose problems of validity, construct validity, sensitivity and easy use. While advanced approaches exist for improving assessment of clinical follow-up in rehabilitation, we have also to consider the difficulty of combining objective assessment of functional abilities with measurement of perceived or felt handicap from the treated patient's point of view.

Activities of Daily Living↗

PubMed1981

The Learning Preference Inventory.

The development, validity, and reliability of the Learning Preference Inventory (LPI) and its use with health professions' students and practitioners are described in this paper. The LPI yields six scores to register preferences for the following kinds of learning: Abstract, Concrete, Individual, Interpersonal, Student-structured, and Teacher-structured. The six scales of the LPI have been supported by factor analysis, thereby establishing content validity. Construct validity is demonstrated in studies with allied health and pharmacy students. Internal consistency reliabilities for the six scales range from .72 to .88. While the majority of allied health and pharmacy students tested prefer teacher-structured and concrete learning tasks and situations, many individuals differ from this pattern. Use of the LPI permits identification of individual learning preferences with a fair degree of accuracy. Ways to improve motivation for learning by adjusting teaching methods and assignments to learning preferences are suggested.

Female↗

PubMed2004

[The development of a client health status outcome evaluation instrument in home care].

PURPOSE: This study was to develop a client health status outcome evaluation instrument, and examine content validity, reliability, construct validity, and the acceptability of this instrument. METHOD: A preliminary list was made of such key information as standards, criteria, indicators and measures, by means of a broad review of literature within the field. After determining the preliminary instruments, the study sought to obtain examination, consensus, and modification of two groups of experts in the home-care field. Finally, the instrument examined content validity, reliability, construct validity, and the acceptability of this instrument. RESULT: The tool was considered of 13 criteria, 48 indicators, and 167 detail measures. The content validity index of the tool was above 0.8 according to the expert group. Regarding the reliability of the evaluators of standards 1 and 2, the degree of agreement between evaluators was high(96.4% through 98.2%). Construct validity in this study, the difference in the mean score between the baseline point and the follow up point of each of standards 1 and 2 was significant, and the mean score of the follow up point was more than that of the baseline point. After examining the acceptability of this instrument with practice managers and home care nurses in home care institutions, a positive opinion was given of this instrument, and it was indicated that to be useful and applicable in home care practice. CONCLUSION: The results of evaluating client outcome will contribute to overall outcome-based quality improvement and service marketing in home care by providing a constant gauge of home care effectiveness.

Aged↗

PubMed2000

Reliability and validity of a Swedish version of Kogan's Old People Scale.

Standardized and well-tested instruments are needed in order to study attitudes toward old people. One scale that has been widely used is Kogan's Old People scale. A Swedish version of the scale has been available since 1987. The aim of this study was to test this Swedish version of the scale for reliability and validity, in a sample consisting of students and different health-care professionals. A convenience sample of 319 individuals in western Sweden took part in the study, and data were collected by means of a questionnaire that included the scale. Reliability was assessed as homogeneity and validity as construct validity. All but 4 of the 34 items were found to have significant item-total correlations. The Cronbach's alpha coefficient for the total scale was 0.79. Some evidence of construct validity was found in a three-factor solution, which explained 30% of the variances. Strong evidence of construct validity was shown in the scale's capability to differentiate between individuals who rather preferred to work with old people (p < 0.005) than with young clients. Convergent validity, as a form of construct validity, was also supported for the scale.

Aged↗

PubMed2006

Validation of the Shriners Hospital for Children Upper Extremity Evaluation (SHUEE) for children with hemiplegic cerebral palsy.

BACKGROUND: The Shriners Hospital for Children Upper Extremity Evaluation (SHUEE) is a video-based tool for the assessment of upper extremity function in children with hemiplegic cerebral palsy. This tool includes spontaneous functional analysis and dynamic positional analysis and assesses the ability to perform grasp and release. The purpose of the present study was to assess the reliability, concurrent validity, and construct validity of this instrument. METHODS: The Shriners Hospital for Children Upper Extremity Evaluation studies for eleven subjects with hemiplegic cerebral palsy were selected for the evaluation of intraobserver and interobserver reliability. Concurrent validity was determined through analysis of the Shriners Hospital for Children Upper Extremity Evaluation, Pediatric Evaluation of Disability Inventory, and Jebson-Taylor Test of Hand Function scores for twenty children. Construct validity was determined through analysis of Shriners Hospital for Children Upper Extremity Evaluation scores for eighteen children before and after flexor carpi ulnaris to extensor carpi radialis brevis tendon transfer. RESULTS: The absolute mean differences between the two scoring sessions for three raters were 1.2 and 1.0 for the spontaneous functional analysis and the dynamic positional analysis, respectively. Although the mean differences were significantly different from 0 (p < 0.001 and p = 0.003), the differences were small and not clinically important with regard to the total possible score. There was excellent intraobserver reliability between the two sessions with regard to both spontaneous functional analysis (r = 0.99) and dynamic positional analysis (r = 0.98). Assessment of interobserver reliability revealed absolute mean differences between four raters of 3.8 and 3.7 for the spontaneous functional analysis and the dynamic positional analysis, respectively. These differences were significantly different from 0 (p < 0.001); however, the magnitudes of these differences were not important with regard to total score or clinical interpretation. There was excellent interobserver reliability for both the spontaneous functional analysis (r = 0.90) and the dynamic positional analysis (r = 0.89). There was 100% agreement within and between examiners for the grasp-and-release section. The Shriners Hospital for Children Upper Extremity Evaluation showed fair correlation with the self-care scaled score from the Pediatric Evaluation of Disability Inventory (r = 0.47) and good inverse correlation with the non-dominant total time section of the Jebson-Taylor test (r = -0.76). The Shriners Hospital for Children Upper Extremity Evaluation wrist score improved for all eighteen subjects after the flexor tendon transfer, and the mean improvement was significant (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: The present study establishes the clinical reliability, concurrent validity, and construct validity of the Shriners Hospital for Children Upper Extremity Evaluation for the assessment of upper extremity function in children with hemiplegic cerebral palsy.

Adolescent↗