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At least 757 records · Page 42Linked to original sources
PubMed1998

Availability and limits of intermediate cardiovascular technology.

Cardiovascular technology has been applied in the treatment of various diseases in Indonesia since its development in the late 1970s. Medical experts who have completed their training abroad began to implement their knowledge in cardiovascular service while a multifactorial limitation occurred in the country. The major limiting factor is still the country's infrastructure, which should support the treatment measures in modern cardiovascular technology. Other limiting factors concern nonmedical subjects, e.g., ethics, beliefs, religion, and the financial and basic organization of organ transplantation. Organ replacement started with artificial kidney/hemodialysis in the late 1970s, and was successfully carried out together with the further commencement of living related donor renal transplantation. Development of cardiac surgery with extracorporeal circulation gave rise to the stimulation of animal trials of cardiac transplant, pancreas transplant, and other subsets of organ transplantation. With the increasing modus of modernization, major hospitals in 3 large cities have shown increasing needs for organ transplant, and, parallel to that, the increasing number of potential organ donors, the cause of death dominated by brain death resulting from traffic accidents. The emerging need for liver and cardiopulmonary transplants has also been observed during the last 5 years, despite the improvement of general health care. However, similar to many Asian countries, because of religious and cultural considerations, it may be difficult to find donors whose relatives are willing to donate organs from their deceased relatives, especially for heart, lung, liver, and pancreas transplants. Alternative methods for artificial organs should receive more emphasis. We present the activities which have been established so far and how we should cope with the question of how present technology brings answers to the needs of organ transplant and artificial organs. Some innovative steps that we have made will be outlined.

Bone Marrow Transplantation↗
PubMed1999

Fate and behavior of organic compounds in an artificial saturated subsoil under controlled redox conditions: the sequential soil column system.

A system was developed to investigate the fate and behavior of anthropogenic organic contaminants at concentrations present in polluted subsoils and aquifers. A sequential soil column system was constructed to simulate redox conditions from methanogenic, sulfate-reducing, denitrifying, to aerobic conditions which normally occur in a leachate pollution plume. This system allowed the simulation of subsurface pollution with a range of xenobiotics and the observation of the microbial response to this contamination. After an adaptation period of up to about 7 months, 2,4-dichlorophenol and 2-nitrophenol were eliminated and perchloroethene disappeared almost completely in the methanogenic column. Toluene was partially transformed under sulfate-reducing conditions, and nearly completely in the nitrate-reducing column. The same applied to naphthalene under denitrifying and aerobic conditions. Aerobically, a fraction of benzene was transformed, and 1,4-dichlorobenzene decreased to very low residual concentrations in one system. No significant transformation of 1,1-dichloroethene could be seen.

Anaerobiosis↗
PubMed2005

The role of artificial cells in cell and organ transplantation in regenerative medicine.

Potential applications of artificial cells include cell therapy, gene therapy, enzyme therapy, blood substitutes, drug carriers and many other areas. Only 2 examples will be discussed here. One is the use of artificial cells containing cells with emphasis of the use of hepatocytes for short term implantation in acute liver failure as temporary liver support so as to allow the liver to regenerate. Another example is the use of artificial red blood cells (RBC) as oxygen carrier so as to allow the bone marrow to regenerate the needed RBC.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Genetic and phenotypic relationships among type traits scored linearly in Holsteins.

Phenotypic and genetic parameters were estimated for 12 type traits of Holstein cows scored linearly by personnel of an artificial insemination organization. Estimates were compared with those from programs offered by the breed association and by two other artificial insemination organizations. All programs were based on scoring guidelines of the National Association of Animal Breeders. Heritabilities of linear type traits ranged from .40 for stature to .14 for fore udder attachment with heritabilities for udder traits smaller than for nonudder traits. Largest genetic and phenotypic correlations were among udder traits with genetic correlations consistently exceeding phenotypic correlations. Similarities in relative magnitudes of phenotypic and genetic parameters suggest that linear type appraisal programs do not differ greatly among organizations using scoring guidelines of the National Association of Animal Breeders.

Animals↗