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At least 757 records · Page 42Linked to original sources
PubMed2000

Neuroophthalmological complications of ocular surgery.

Visual dysfunction, including visual loss and diplopia, may occur in association with ocular surgery. Strabismus may be the most common abnormal eye movement seen as a complication of local anesthesia. Local anesthesia also may cause direct and indirect traumatic optic neuropathy. Vitrectomy is associated with visual-field loss from direct manipulation of the nerve fiber layer during suctioning of the vitreous or by direct compression of intraocular gas. Trabeculectomy may be complicated by visual-field loss. Patients may be at higher risk if their eye is hypotonous after surgery, but the duration or severity of hypotony that places the eye at risk is unknown. The only neuroophthalmic complication directly related to cataract surgery itself is AION. Complications of ONSD include motility disorders, pupillary dysfunction, and vascular compromise. Neuroophthalmic complications are uncommon after blepharoplasty. They include ocular motility disorders, transient pupil dilation, and vision loss.

Eye Diseases↗
PubMed1994

Review of embryology and its relation to ocular disease in the pediatric population.

This overview of normal ocular development concentrates on those areas that more commonly undergo maldevelopment, some of which are discussed in more detail in other papers in this Symposium. Many of the congenital anomalies routinely seen in children are reviewed and the possible mechanisms leading to these anomalies are discussed.

Child↗
PubMed2001

Thoracolumbar spinal abnormalities in Stickler syndrome.

STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective review of clinical and radiographic records of patients with Stickler syndrome. OBJECTIVES: To describe thoracolumbar spinal abnormalities and their correlation with age and back pain among patients with Stickler syndrome. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: Stickler syndrome (hereditary arthro-ophthalmopathy) is an autosomal dominant connective tissue disorder characterized by skeletal, ocular, oral-facial, cardiac, and auditory manifestations. Prevalence is approximately 1 in 10,000 (similar to that of Marfan syndrome). No one has investigated spinal abnormalities in a large series of patients. METHODS: A single-center evaluation of 53 patients from 24 families with Stickler syndrome (age range, 1-70 years) in a multidisciplinary genetics clinic. Thoracolumbar radiographs were analyzed for spinal abnormalities and correlation with age and back pain. RESULTS: Thirty-four percent of patients had scoliosis, 74% endplate abnormalities, 64% Schmorl's nodes, 43% platyspondylia, and 43% Scheuermann-like kyphosis. Sixty-seven percent of patients and 85% of adults reported chronic back pain. Endplate abnormalities and Schmorl's nodes were associated with adult age; endplate abnormalities, Schmorl's nodes, and adult age were associated with back pain. Only one adult patient was free of spinal abnormalities. CONCLUSIONS: Spinal abnormalities are nearly uniformly observed in Stickler syndrome, progress with age, and are associated with back pain. Although common, scoliosis is generally self-limited (only one patient needed surgical treatment). Correct diagnosis of this syndrome facilitates early identification and management of other potentially severe systemic manifestations and genetic counseling for affected families. Moreover, recognition of Stickler syndrome allows accurate prognosis for skeletal abnormalities and anticipation of potential surgical complications.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

The management of multiple sclerosis patients.

The management of individuals with multiple sclerosis must be considered under the following headings: administration and follow-up of adequate disease-modifying treatment, symptomatic relief and neurorehabilitation. Neurorehabilitation deserves a four-step strategy: multidisciplinary assessment, identification of areas of potential functional improvement, setting of goals of short/long-term duration, and measurement of outcomes. The patient's perspective is important to evaluate through questionnaires about quality of life. Well organized disability services with multidisciplinary specialists are probably cost effective and efficient. Determining the actual economic impact of multiple sclerosis and defining the most cost-effective type of care for persons with multiple sclerosis is a need in all countries faced with the limitation of healthcare resources. In persons with multiple sclerosis the range of main symptoms includes the loss of mobility and spasticity, pain, tremor, abnormal eye movements, paroxysmal symptoms, bladder and bowel dysfunction, sexual disturbances, fatigue and depression. Current palliative treatments, which are reviewed, are partly successful depending on the type of symptoms under consideration.

Humans↗
PubMed2001

A girl without a chiasm: electrophysiologic and MRI evidence for the absence of crossing optic nerve fibers in a girl with a congenital nystagmus.

An otherwise healthy 15-year-old girl with a congenital nystagmus was evaluated at our department using visual evoked potential recording and magnetic resonance imaging. She appears to have the unique isolated inborn absence of the optic chiasm, described only once before in two unrelated girls. Unlike these previously described cases, our patient does not seem to display a see-saw nystagmus.

Adolescent↗