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Results for “FLUORIDES, TOPICAL”

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PubMed1993

Severe progressive periodontal destruction due to radiation tissue injury.

Cancer radiotherapy to the head and neck region results in short- and long-term radiation tissue injuries. Radiation bone injury is a long-term manifestation which could progress to osteoradionecrosis. A case of radiation tissue injury to the periodontium is presented. The possible pathogenesis of these events is described as they relate to the sequential radiographic changes observed over a period of 6 years until the involved teeth were exfoliated. The post-irradiation management of the teeth with advancing periodontal disease in the path of irradiation was by conservative means, including good personal oral hygiene care, scaling and root planing, periodic chlorhexidine irrigation, and topical fluoride application.

Adult↗

PubMed2001

[Dental treatment in the north area of Ishigaki Island in Okinawa].

Dental treatment and oral health care were performed on inhabitants in the north area of Ishigaki Island in Okinawa. There are no dentists in the area at present. One hundred sixty-six patients received treatment taking 528 man-days, during the period from November 9 to December 8, 2000. The area has 2 primary schools and 1 junior high school. The average DMFT of the children in the primary schools was 1.31, and in the junior high school it was 4.98. Compared with Japanese national survey data, the children in the area had a higher DMFT. Among the treatment procedures, the rate of conservative treatment was 62%, most of which was composite resin filling. Preventive measures for dental disease were offered to the inhabitants by means of topical fluoride application or oral health education. The period of this promotion was too short to perform complete dental treatment and to prevent caries and periodontal disease. It seems that primary prevention and higher dental hygiene education are needed for inhabitants in no-dentist areas, because the inhabitants do not have access to dental service easily.

Community Dentistry↗

PubMed1999

Newer approaches to preventing dental caries in children.

Although the incidence of dental caries has shown a general decline during the past few decades, it still remains a significant health problem in children. The role of mutans streptococci in the caries process is discussed, including its transmission from mother to child during a discrete "window of infectivity." Anticipatory guidance--an approach used to better intercept the caries process to prevent it from progressing--is discussed. This program is introduced during infancy and is adapted to the child's particular needs as he or she matures. Anticipatory guidance allows for the implementation of some newer preventive strategies. Following the determination of mutans streptococci levels in at-risk infants and their mothers, a prevention program can be provided to both. Through proper education, various forms of topical fluoride supplementation, and antimicrobial therapy, it is hoped that newer preventive strategies can more effectively reduce the threat of caries at a much younger age than previously possible.

Age Factors↗

PubMed2002

[Mandibular osteoradionecrosis: sword of Damocles of radiotherapy for head and neck cancers?].

Radiotherapy of head and neck cancer is efficient but may have severe late effects. Although unfrequent, mandibular radionecrosis is the most dreadful. A cascade of events leads from hyposialia to bone destruction through extensive caries and trauma linked to tooth removal. Prevention is based on oral hygiene and use of daily topical fluorides. Antibiotics and hyperbaric oxygen can be effective as a conservative management. Progressive osteonecrosis is best treated by mandible resection and reconstruction with microvascular free bone flaps. Patient compliance to prophylaxis is of major importance. The need for periodic follow-up under the supervision of the radiation oncologist is stressed and illustrated by a clinical case having experienced disastrous consequences.

Head and Neck Neoplasms↗

PubMed2002

Assessment of evidence-based dental prophylaxis education in postdoctoral pediatric dentistry programs.

The objective of the study was to investigate various aspects of evidence-based dental prophylaxis education in postdoctoral pediatric dentistry training programs in the United States. An anonymous nationwide postal survey of fifty-two postdoctoral pediatric dentistry program directors was conducted in September 2001. The survey had a response rate of 75 percent with all geographic regions of the nation represented and with a preponderance of university-based programs (62 percent). Most of the training programs (74 percent) routinely recommended dental prophylaxis for all recall patients. The proportion of programs that recommended dental prophylaxis for the following indications were: plaque, stain and/or calculus removal--97 percent; caries prevention--59 percent; prior to topical fluoride application--67 percent; prior to sealant application--62 percent; and for behavioral modification--77 percent. Most training programs (77 percent) defined dental prophylaxis as both rubber cup pumice prophylaxis and toothbrush prophylaxis. However, only one-half of the training programs (51 percent) had modified their teaching to substitute toothbrush prophylaxis in lieu of rubber cup pumice prophylaxis. In conclusion, only one half of postdoctoral pediatric dentistry training programs in the United States teach evidence-based practice of dental prophylaxis for recall patients.

Child↗

PubMed1992

Salivary and oral components of Sjögren's syndrome.

The intraoral symptoms and signs of SS are not specific to SS, being shared with other conditions in which salivary function is diminished. The decrease in saliva causes chronic oral discomfort and functional problems and predisposes patients to dental caries and oral candidiasis. Many methods have been used to assess SGs in SS objectively, but at present a labial salivary gland biopsy specimen showing focal lymphocytic sialadenitis provides the best diagnostic criterion for the salivary component of SS, in terms of its disease specificity, convenience, availability, and low risk. The treatment of xerostomia in patients with SS consists of (1) preventing new and recurrent dental caries by frequent and regular application of topical fluoride, careful dental supervision, and avoidance of sucrose and other metabolizable carbohydrates between meals; (2) reducing oral symptoms by diagnosing and treating oral candidiasis (repeatedly if necessary); and (3) attempting to replace lost saliva by stimulating salivary secretion with physiologic sialogogues or pilocarpine, or if adequate amounts of saliva cannot be stimulated, using some form of saliva substitute, especially for patients wearing complete dentures.

Dental Caries↗

PubMed1992

Caries experience in teenagers related to changes in a dental health programme.

Comparisons were made of the number of approximal DF-surfaces radiographically recorded at the ages of 13 and 16 years between two groups of children, born in 1964 and 1971, respectively. The aim of the study was to examine if the differences in caries prevalence could be related to the effects of the changes in the dental health programme with time in Göteborg, Sweden. The caries prevalence at 16 years of age was significantly lower in the 1971 group. This was mainly due to a decrease in the number of fillings and caries lesions in girls. However, no statistically significant differences were found between the groups with regard to the mesial surfaces of the first permanent molars. In comparisons between the 20 per cent of children of both sexes with most caries, the 1971 group presented significantly lower DF-values at 16 years of age. The children in the 1971 group had a lower age at the start of organized dental care, had had more topical fluoride applications and, especially the girls, had probably used fluoride dentifrices more frequently. These factors, taken singly as well as in combination, are presumed to have contributed to the lower caries prevalence in the 1971 group.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2000

Dental laser identifies early stages of caries.

In conclusion, the various methods of caries detection used, including visual inspection, radiographs, and tactile sensation, have a significant subjective component. The Diagnodent allows clinicians to add a more objective test to their armamentarium. Should the doctor choose to "watch" a suspected lesion and treat with topical fluoride, the area can be monitored for the progression or regression of decalcification. For more information, call KaVo at (888) KaVo-USA.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Dental implications of mood disorders.

Mood disorders refers to a heterogenous group of mental conditions characterized by extreme exaggeration and disturbance of mood and affect. This article examines major depression and bipolar disorders and how these disorders can affect a patient's dental care. The drugs used to treat these conditions have significant side effects that dentists should be aware of. In addition, important drug interactions can occur as a result of agents used by the dentist. The dentist should refer patients found with signs and symptoms of mood disorders for medical evaluation and treatment. Depressed patients often have poor oral hygiene due to a lack of interest in self-care. Xerostomia occurs due to depression and the drugs used to treat it. The dentist needs to provide an aggressive preventive dental education program for these patients, including the use of artificial salivary products, mouthwashes, and topical fluoride applications, in addition to the treatment of candidiasis when present.

Antidepressive Agents↗

PubMed2004

Survey of dental prophylaxes rendered by pediatric dentists in New England.

BACKGROUND: The objective of this anonymous postal survey was to assess the provision of dental prophylaxis by pediatric dentists in New England. METHODS: The questionnaire survey was sent by first class mail in September, 2001 to all 217 American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry (AAPD) members in active private practice in the six New England States of Connecticut, Massachusetts, Maine, New Hampshire, Rhode Island, and Vermont. A self-addressed, stamped envelope was provided to facilitate the returned response. RESULTS: The survey had a response rate of 70%. Most practitioners (93%) routinely recommended dental prophylaxis for their recall patients. The proportion of practitioners who considered the following indications for recommending dental prophylaxis was: plaque, stain, and/or calculus removal - 99%; caries prevention - 75%; prior to topical fluoride application - 82%; prior to sealant application - 58%; and for behavioral modification - 68%. Almost two thirds of the practitioners (62%) defined dental prophylaxis as referring to both rubber cup pumice prophylaxis as well as to toothbrush prophylaxis. However, only one in four practitioners (26%) had modified her/his clinical practice to substitute toothbrush prophylaxis in lieu of rubber cup pumice prophylaxis. CONCLUSION: Pediatric dentists in New England routinely provide dental prophylaxis to their recall patients.

Behavior Therapy↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Clinical outcomes for early childhood caries: influence of aggressive dental surgery.

PURPOSE: The objective of this study was to assess the relationship between the number of stainless steel crowns (SSCs) placed, number of surfaces at risk (SAR) post dental surgery, and the risk for relapse in patients treated for Early Childhood Caries (ECC). METHODS: The study population consisted of 57 children treated for ECC under general anesthesia, ranging in age from 2.3 to 7.3 years old at the time of entry. Dental surgery utilized an aggressive approach: teeth that had necrotic pulps or were nonrestorable were extracted; decayed primary mandibular incisors that could not be treated by stripping were extracted; primary maxillary incisors with 3 or more carious surfaces were extracted; single-surface lesions of primary molars that did not compromise cusp integrity were restored with intracoronal amalgam restorations; primary maxillary, incisors and canines with smooth-surface lesions affecting 2 or less surfaces were treated with intracoronal composites; primary molars and canines requiring vital pulp therapy were restored with SSCs; primary molars with caries lesions affecting 2 or more surfaces (including smooth-surface, white-spot lesions) were restored with SSCs; primary canines with caries affecting 3 or more surfaces were restored with stainless steel crowns; topical fluoride was applied after all restorative therapy was completed. The cohort was examined for new caries lesions 6 months post dental surgery. Relapse was defined as the presence of new smooth-surface caries lesions as defined by Radike. Comparisons between relapse (R) and nonrelapse (NR) groups, with respect to the number of SSCs placed and the number of SAR, were performed using t tests and Wilcoxon tests. A 0.05 level of significance was employed in all statistical tests. RESULTS: Twenty-one of the 57 (37%) patients relapsed. No statistically significant difference for the number of SSCs placed or SAR existed between the R group (SSCs: mean = 4.57, median = 4 +/- 2.18; SAR: mean = 39.76, median = 40 +/- 13.62) and NR group (SSCs: mean=5.44, median = 5.5 +/- 2.62; SAR: mean = 39.98, median = 39.5 +/- 15.19). CONCLUSIONS: The risk for relapse in children treated for ECC is not associated with the number of SSCs placed or SAR; aggressive dental surgery for ECC does not result in acceptable clinical outcomes.

Child↗

PubMed2005

General anesthesia: as a challenge and treatment need option in pediatric dentistry.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to determine the type and characteristics of the interventions, indications of dental treatment and procedures performed to patients treated under general anesthesia (GA) by pediatric dentistry residents, during the 1997-1999 period. METHOD: A sample of 57 hospital records of patients treated as part of the Special Pediatric Course at the Puerto Rico Pediatric Hospital were reviewed. Statistical analysis was done using the chi-square test for inferences on proportions. RESULTS: MR patients made up 59.7% and NMR patients made up 40.3% of the sample studied. Ages ranged from 2 to 35 years with a mean age of 11 years (SD=8.54). MR patients were classified into 7 categories: mental retardation (38.2%), cerebral palsy (14.7%), epileptic (5.9%), mental syndromes (26.9%), hydrocephalic (5.9%), autism (5.9%) and others (2.9%). The NMR were classified into 5 categories: early childhood caries (65.2%), cardiac patients (8.7%), maxillofacial anomalies (4.3%), organic syndromes (13.1%) and others (8.7%). The dental procedures performed were: dental extractions 84%(MR) and 68% (NMR), restorative procedures 87.3%(MR) and 12.7%(NMR). Oral prophylaxis was performed in 76.8%, fissure sealants in 10.7% and topical fluoride applications in 21.8%. CONCLUSION: Dental extraction was a frequently performed procedure in both groups. The prevalence of exodontia and restorative procedures indicates the need to design and implement prevention programs for special pediatric patients.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2005

Oral health care in head and neck cancer.

The oral assessments and oral care prior to cancer treatment are important to eliminate predisposing factors of oral complications from cancer therapy. Meticulous maintenance of oral hygiene and topical fluoride application are essential in the prevention and management of oral complications. Palliative and conservative treatments are the treatment of choice for oral complications. Periodically oral assessments and care should be performed after cancer treatment for the early detection and interventions of any treatment complications.

Dental Care↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Preventive dentistry for children. 2. Plaque control, diet modification, and infant oral health counseling].

Although systemic and topical fluoride together with sealant can be used to prevent dental caries efficiently. There are three more procedures of preventive dentistry in children which dentists should educate parents and children along with the first two routinely. The reasons, problems and techniques of dental health education in plaque control, diet and infant oral health counseling will be reviewed in this article.

Child↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Effects of acidulated and neutral NaF solutions on bond strengths.

The application of topical fluoride after acid-etching substantially reduces the risk of enamel opacities and caries, but fluoride treatment can reduce strength of the enamel-adhesive interface to a measurable extent. In this in vitro study there was a slight reduction (statistically inconsequential) in bond strength with the use of 2.0% aqueous NaF. In contrast, two acidulated solutions tested here both showed marked reductions (ca. 25%) in bond strengths.

Dental Bonding↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[The effectiveness of preventing caries in the first permanent molars].

A total of 297 children aged 5-7 whose first permanent molars appeared in various periods were followed up. Local prevention of caries was carried out in these children with Soviet fluorine lacquer and sealing of fissures and anatomic hollows in molar masticatory surface. The efficacies of these two prevention methods proved to be different. In children whose first permanent molars appeared early or late fissure closing with vitacryl proved to be effective whereas in those whose molars appeared in time both methods were effective.

Child↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Dental care of aging patients].

Our examination of elderly and ageing patients presented four essential classifications, including those with: 1. sufficient natural dentition; 2. dentition, with numerous missing teeth, in need of functional restoration; 3. groups of teeth remaining, but on the verge of edentulousness; 4. edentulousness with dentures in need or replacement or improvement. For the above, we recommend the following treatments, respectively: 1) prophylactic topical fluoride treatments with custom trays; 2) extendable hybrid constructions--preferably with the implementation of a telescoping design; 3) partial dentures designed for easy extension; 4) no new dentures, but rather the step-by-step correction of the old dentures.

Aged↗

PubMed1989

Glass inserts. A new dimension in restorative dentistry.

Pediatric restorative dentistry has traditionally involved the placement of a stainless steel crown following a pulpotomy in primary molars. The increased exposure to systemic and topical fluorides has significantly decreased smooth surface caries, yet occlusal pit and fissure caries remains a problem. Occlusal caries involving the pulp of primary molars, leaving the supporting walls intact, may be restored conservatively with the use of glass inserts. The glass inserts provide the major volume of the restoration, therefore a minimal amount of posterior composite resin is necessary. The glass inserts bond to composite resin, increase restoration strength, and reduce polymerization shrinkage which may cause cuspal deflection or marginal microleakage. A case is presented to describe a new material and the conceptual protocol for clinical use.

Child, Preschool↗