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PubMed1983

Tissue reaction in experimental cysticercosis of sheep and goats caused by infection with Taenia saginata eggs.

In experimental infection of sheep with Taenia saginata eggs the intensity of infection may be influenced by the age of the animal at the time of infection, the height of the infection dose and the mode of infection (perorally in capsules or by means of an oesophagus tube). In non-adequate intermediate hosts of T. saginata (sheep, goats), the cellular reaction around the young cysticercus is very strong, but it differs from the reaction known in bovine cysticercosis: large macrophages, which migrate to the larva at the early phase of infection in cattle, are lacking in sheep and goats. Neither the new formation of collagen in the granulation tissue was observed in these hosts, but the demarcation of the mode was formed by a wide zone of connective tissue at the periphery. The development of the cysticercus was markedly retarded and already four weeks after infection a majority of cysticerci were dead. Nodular changes persisted still 40 days p.i., when the cysts are transparent in cattle. Neither cysticerci nor their remnants were found at that time. The results of indirect haemagglutination reaction are not constant in inadequate intermediate hosts (particularly in sheep) and only low titres of antibodies can be detected even in strong infections.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Cysticercosis of the superior oblique muscle.

A 39-year-old Vietnamese refugee with upper eyelid swelling followed by vertical diplopia and mild proptosis was shown by computerised tomography to have a localised lesion in the region of the right superior oblique muscle. At operation, this was a cyst and histology confirmed the larval form of Taenia solium (cysticercosis).

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Serodiagnosis of Taenia saginata cysticercosis in experimentally and naturally infected cattle by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay.

The sensitivity and specificity of enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for the diagnosis of Taenia saginata cysticercosis was studied among laboratory reared experimentally infected calves and conventionally raised naturally infected cattle by using a T crassiceps metacestode antigen. The intensity of the metacestode burden in experimentally infected animals had a direct effect on the first appreciable rise in the spectrophotometric extinction values and also on the progressive elevation of these values during the later stages of infection. The animals harbouring less than 100 metacestodes were the most difficult to detect by ELISA. Serum from sheep infected with Cysticercus tenuicollis showed cross-reaction. Among the naturally infected cattle the sensitivity of ELISA was poor; only 37.5 per cent of the 24 proven cases could be diagnosed. One of the nine cattle harbouring natural infection of Fasciola hepatica showed cross-reaction. Of the 69 animals 4.3 per cent showed false positive reactions.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Cerebrospinal fluid IgE and the diagnosis of cerebral cysticercosis.

Cerebral cysticercosis (CC) is a common cause of seizures and other central nervous system disorders in the Mexican-American population. The elevation of serum IgE in many parasitic diseases led us to study CSF and serum IgE in patients with CC diagnosed by pathologic, radiologic or clinical criteria. A paper disc radioimmunoassay, sensitive to 0.01 IU/ml, was used to measure CSF and serum IgE in 69 patients. The mean CSF IgE level in Mexicans with CC was 0.44 IU/ml compared to 0.28 IU/ml in Mexicans without CC and 0.07 IU/ml in non-Mexicans without CC.

Brain Diseases↗
PubMed1981

Morphological changes after treatment of bovine cysticercosis with droncit and oxichloron.

Droncit and Oxichloron in total doses of 100 (50 mg/kg for two days) and 300 mg/kg (100 mg/kg for three days) of body weight were applied for the treatment of cysticercosis 12 (Droncit) and 6 (Oxichloron) weeks after experimental infection. Four or six weeks after the treatment dead cysticerci or their remnants were found. There occurred a striking vacuolization of the larval tegument, but even six weeks after the treatment, muscles, portions of subtegumental cells and remnants of excretory canalicular system and microtriches were discernible. The structure of microtriches was still well preserved in some cases. The dominating component of tissue reaction around the dead larvae was the hyperplasia of lymphoid tissue forming sometimes folliculoid structures, and blastic transformation of lymphocytes. Nodules with dead larvae were separated from the surrounding tissue by connective tissue.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Experimental treatment of cysticercosis with metrifonate.

Thirty cysticercous patients were treated with metrifonate in doses of 7.5 mg/kg given for five consecutive days, with intervals of two weeks until completion of six series. The symptoms originated by drug reaction were mild and transitory. The results obtained after treatment demonstrated the effectivity in cerebral ocular and musculocutaneous cysticercosis, corroborated by clinical evaluations like: neurological, ophtalmological and psychiatric examinations; routine laboratory tests; special examinations like indirect immunofluorescence and hemagglutination, immunoglobulin quantitation and cholinesterase activity and by special cabinet studies like electroencephalogram, retinal fluorangiography, axial computerized tomography. The postreatment observation time varied from six months to nine years; in no case reactivation was observed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Ocular cysticercosis in India.

Ocular cysticercosis is frequent in Andhra and Tamilnadu states of India due to the unhygienic habits of local people. The conjunctiva is the commonest site of ocular involvement in India while the vitreous and the retina are the usual sites of pathology elsewhere.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

The parenchymal form of cerebral cysticercosis.

22 cases of the parenchymal form of cerebral cysticercosis are discussed. The parenchymal form presents a variance of appearance on computer tomography (CT). The five most common CT findings are described. They are classified as (1) completely calcified lesions, (2) cystic lesions with ring enhancement (with or without calcification), (3) nonenhancing cystic lesions; (4) homogeneously enhancing lesions, and (5) mixed parenchymal lesions.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

[Diagnosis and surgical treatment of intraocular cysticercosis (author's transl)].

Operative treatment was employed in 19 cases of intraocular cysticercosis: 6 subretinal (3 in the macular region) and 13 intravitreal (3 mobile, 10 fixed). The essential diagnostic sign is the appearance of the parasitic vesicle (iridescent tint, movements of the wall and the scolex), but difficulties may arise because of severe intraocular lesions : vitreous clouding, chorioretinitis, detachment of the retina. The site of the vesicle must be determined before and during operation. Fixed cysticerci require that the globe be opened by a well-placed incision. If they are mobile, they can be aspirated through the pars plana with the erysiphake or a trocar, depending on the size of the vesicles. Aspiration is also necessary when there is total detachment of the retina of a fixed intravitreal vesicle, after freeing adhesions. Successful results were obtained in 15 of the 19 cases treated.

Cysticercosis↗
PubMed1981

Macular and peripheral subretinal cysticercosis.

We describe two cases of subretinal cysticercosis. In the macular case the parasite was easily recognized, but it migrated to the vitreous cavity during the surgical scleral procedure leaving behind great chorioretinal damage. In the peripheral case fluorescein angiography contributed to the diagnosis, and the surgical approach was easy and successful.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Cysticercosis cerebri in Irian Jaya. A case report.

A case is presented in which epilepsy was caused by diffuse involvement of cysticerci in the cortical layer of both cerebral hemispheres. The diagnosis was confirmed by histopathological examination. In the area of Irian Jaya cerebral cysticercosis should always be taken into consideration as the possible cause of epilepsy.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Human cysticercosis: antigens, antibodies and non-responders.

Immunoelectrophoresis of sera from patients with brain cysticercosis against a crude antigenic extract from Cysticercus cellulosae indicates that nearly 50% of the patients do not make sufficient antibodies to ostensively precipitate. The other 50% of the patients who do make precipitating antibodies show a very heterogeneous response in the number of antigens they recognize as well as in the type of antigen--as classified by their electrophoretic mobilities. The most favoured, called antigen B, is recognized by 84% of positive sera and corresponds to one or a limited number of antigens isoelectric at pH 8.6. Indirect immunofluorescence with monospecific anti-human immunoglobulins, performed upon the immunoelectrophoretic preparations, reveal that all cysticercus antigens induced the synthesis of antibodies in the immunoglobulin classes in the order G greater than M greater than E greater than A greater than D. Finally, antigen H (an anodic component) seems to favour IgE relative to its ability to induce IgG. Thus, although in natural infection a good proportion of cysticercotic patients do not seem to mount an energetic antibody response against the parasite, giving rise to some speculations about immunosuppression, the fact that 50% do synthesize antibodies allows for some optimistic expectations from vaccination of humans--in view of the good results of vaccination in experimental animals mediated by IgG antibodies. A likely prospect for a human vaccine would be antigen B because it is the most frequently detected by humans, although its immunizing and toxic properties remain to be properly studied.

Antibody Formation↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Cytomorphology of subcutaneous cysticercosis. A report of 10 cases.

The findings of fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) of subcutaneous cysticercosis are described. Nine patients had a single subcutaneous nodule. One patient had multiple skin and cerebral nodules that were clinically suspected due to cysticercus. Patients with a single nodule in the extremities and trunk were clinically diagnosed as having lipoma (1), fibroma (3) and neurofibroma (3). Tuberculous lymphadenitis was suspected in two cases with a single cervical nodule. The characteristic cytomorphology of parasitic tegument and parenchyma helped identify the larvae in the cytological smears, as did a polymorphous inflammatory reaction. Biopsy was done in four cases. Six patients were lost to follow-up. Histopathology of the nonaspirated nodule from the case with multiple skin nodules showed cysticercus. The other three biopsies showed a parasitic granuloma only. Of the four biopsied cases, only two underwent computed tomographic scans, which showed cerebral involvement. In a developing country like India, a rapid, safe and reliable cytologic diagnosis of subcutaneous cysticercus by FNAC on an outpatient basis proves to be a cost-effective procedure since it obviates the need for open biopsy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

[Invasive cysticercosis due to Taenia crassiceps in an AIDS patient].

A first case is reported from France of a subcutaneous and muscular tissues invasion by proliferative larval forms of Taenia crassiceps in an AIDS-patient with severe immunodeficiency. These larvae usually develop in rodents whereas the adult form of the cestode is commonly found in foxes. Authors emphasize the differential diagnosis from other human subcutaneous metacestodoses such as T. solium cysticercosis, cenurosis and hydatidosis. The proliferative aspect of the larvae, the recurrence of lesions after surgical removal and the possible invasion of other tissues are elements of a poor prognosis.

AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections↗
PubMed1995

Cysticercosis of the tongue.

A 10-year-old Hindu boy had a gradually increasing swelling on the tongue, which was excised and diagnosed histopathologically as a case of cysticercosis. Involvement of the tongue as an isolated lesion has prompted us to present this case. A review on the subject is discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Cysticercosis in the posterior cranial fossa.

Two cases of neurocysticercosis from Maharaj Nakorn Chiang Mai Hospital were reported with autopsy and surgical findings. The autopsy case was a 14-year-old girl who had a single cyst at the cisterna ambiens of the pineal region, causing hydrocephalus and severe brain edema accompanied with increased intracranial pressure and psychiatric problems but no definite localizing signs. The surgical case was a 35-year-old man with symptoms of increased intracranial pressure, localizing signs of ataxia of the left lower extremity and hearing loss in the right ear. Computed brain tomography showed a posterior fossa cyst with obstructive hydrocephalus. The cyst and the tissues from CP angle region were removed and sent to the Department of Pathology. Histopathologic appearance of both cases showed cysticercosis.

Adolescent↗