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PubMed2002

Influence of a probiotic Enterococcus faecium strain on selected bacterial groups in the small intestine of growing turkey poults.

A feeding trial was carried out with turkey poults, which were fed a diet containing 10(10) viable probiotic E. faecium NCIB 10415 cells/kg feed. Samples of the intestinal tract were analyzed for lactate, colony forming units of total anaerobic bacteria, lactic acid bacteria, enterobacteria and enterococci. Furthermore, metabolic activity of total eubacterial, lactobacilli and enterococci was recorded in selected RNA-extracts with specific ribosomal RNA oligonucleotide probes. Animals fed the probiotic diet showed continously increasing lactate concentrations throughout the sampling period up to day 42 of life. No correlation was found for colony forming units (cfu) of lactic acid bacteria, but metabolic activity of lactobacilli showed very close relation to continously increasing lactate concentrations. Throughout the feeding trial, enterococci in the control group continously increased to a maximum of 10(4) cfu/g wet weight, but 10-fold higher enterococci cfu were generally found in the treated group. However, rRNA content as measure for metabolic activity showed a drastic decline in both groups after high metabolic activities on day 7. This study shows that E. faecium NCIB 10415 (E. faecium SF68) stimulates other lactic acid bacteria in the small intestine, especially lactobacilli.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1994

Isolation and characterization of two bacteriocins produced by Enterococcus faecium strains inhibitory to Listeria monocytogenes.

A total of 4000 bacterial strains were isolated from milk, cheese and from different samples taken on the farm (silage, faeces) and screened for their antimicrobial activity against Listeria monocytogenes. Only eight of the almost 4000 strains exhibited inhibitory activity in the cell-free supernatant fluid. Two different Enterococcus strains (RZS C5 and RZS C13) were chosen for further study. Plasmid profile analysis of both revealed that RZS C5 contained a 4 kb plasmid while RZS C13 contained a 23 kb plasmid. The inhibitory compounds were proteinaceous and active against all Listeria spp. tested while most of the lactic acid bacteria were insensitive. Weak inhibition was also detected against Clostridium perfringens and some Bacillus spp. Cross-inhibition tests showed different profiles. The bacteriocins were heat-resistant and were very stable during storage, especially at low pH values. Their molecular weight was estimated at +/- 3.0 kDA. Addition of 200 AU/ml of bacteriocin resulted in an initial rapid decrease of the number of viable L. monocytogenes cells followed by slower a logarithmic decrease.

Animals↗
PubMed2006

Effect of subtherapeutic antimicrobials on genetic diversity of Enterococcus faecium from chickens.

The effect of growth promotants (bacitracin, virginiamycin, and flavomycin) on the genetic population of Enterococcusfaecium isolated from a commercially integrated poultry farm was examined. A total of 551 E. faecium were isolated from chick boxliners (n=16), litter (n=334), feed (n=67), and carcass rinse (n=134) samples from four chicken houses. Two houses on the farm were control houses and did not use any antimicrobials while two other houses on the farm used flavomycin, virginiamycin, and bacitracin during six different chicken grow outs. BOX-PCR and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) results indicated that E. faecium strains had a high degree of genetic diversity as overall clustering was independent of source, house, or grow out. Similarity of > or =60% for the majority of BOX-PCR genogroups and > or =80% for the majority of PFGE genogroups was observed for a subset of carcass rinse samples (n=45) examined. Seventy-nine percent (19/24) of isolates in BOX-PCR genogroup 2 also clustered in PFGE genogroup 2, although no association between the isolates and house or grow out was observed. These results suggest that E. faecium from chicken are genetically diverse and that growth-promoting antimicrobials do not affect the genetic population of E. faecium.

Animals↗