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PubMedDate not supplied

[Development of an expert system for identification of nursing diagnosis related to urinary elimination].

The study involved an evaluation of the ALTURIN.EXP system and its improvement that culminated in the establishment and evaluation of a new system named ALTURIN.SDD. In the present work the evaluation phases of the ALTURIN.EXP and development of the ALTURIN.SDD systems are described. The ALTURIN.SDD system was developed by utilizing a "shell" program specially built for this project, the Program for Diagnose Determination (SDD, 1.0 Version), which had as a target Windows 95/98/Me platforms. The nursing diagnoses are those present in the NANDA 2001-2002 classification. This development experience shall be applied in the development of other specialized systems.

Decision Making, Computer-Assisted↗
PubMed1996

Expert systems restructure managed care practice: implementation and ethics.

The development of computerized decision support technologies is having a profound impact on the management of patient care. This article describes different types of clinical decision support software, examines appropriate usage and current examples of implementation, and reviews a range of ethical considerations. The authors are in the midst of implementing a computerized decision support system for care management in their managed care organization.

Case Management↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[An expert system for therapeutic and diagnostic processes].

Specific peculiarities of the basic knowledge examination system are described herein. They allow to design a consulting system for the intensive care specialist. This system works out recommendations on the artificial kidney applications and recommends dialysate contents for individual applications. Specific examples of the examination medical system LEDI-Z are demonstrated.

Critical Care↗
PubMed1995

The antibiotic cost calculator; an expert system for global antibiotic cost calculation.

An application to cost antibiotic therapy was developed using Object Vision, an object-oriented software development program. The application facilitates calculation of the cost of up to six antibiotics (three oral and three intravenous) in terms of acquisition, delivery, laboratory and complication components. The application consists of two files. The first file allows entry of basic cost data. The second file allows the user to define each antibiotic regimen and the management, and thus the cost, of complications relevant to the antibiotics being costed; costs are automatically calculated and displayed. The program also contains a help system; this comprises extensive explanation of each stage of the calculation process, a summary of recent literature on the percentage incidence of complications for commonly used antibiotics, and a bibliography. The summary and bibliography may be printed. The program is designed for use by hospitals, universities and pharmaceutical companies for calculation of total in-patient charges, marketing and research. It is a user-friendly system which dramatically reduces the inherent complexities of this area of medicine.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Application of a statistics-based expert system to provide automated second opinions prior to elective surgery.

Second opinions now are mandated by many funding agencies prior to elective surgery to provide an opportunity to evaluate the indications for surgery and allow an evaluation of the risks of surgery. One difficulty with second opinion programs is the observation that 80% to 95% of all surgical recommendations confirm the need for surgery and the number of patients requiring second opinions represents a significant health care cost. The interactive statistical package (ISP) is a statistics-based decision support system currently used to teach residents medical decision processes. Training an ISP is relatively simple because experts need only define the patient parameters and the allowed values of each parameter. Each expert then sets up a decision tree to represent his or her decision process. The system will then present a series of randomly generated cases to the expert and observe the expert's action. Through Bayesian statistics the system identifies the parameter values that significantly affect the expert's judgment and the direction that they exert on the decision. A decision support system used to evaluate patients with prostate cancer reproduces an expert's treatment selection with an accuracy of 94% on a log rank test when selecting among six treatment options including three different surgical procedures, two different radiation regimens, and palliative therapy. The entire system was trained and validated over 3 weeks, and the accuracy of the system is comparable to the consistency of the expert (90%). Because several experts can review the same patient material and make decisions independently, multiple systems can be created and validated, and operated in parallel.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Decision Support Techniques↗