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At least 793 records · Page 44Linked to original sources
PubMed1976

Undried cellulose gel film-- a high permeability dialysis membrane.

Undried cellulose gel film manufactured by British Cellophane Ltd (BCL) has been evaluated in vivo and in vitro. Results obtained indicate that undried cellulose gel film is superior in terms of ultrafiltration and middle molecular clearance to the widely used Cuprophan membrane and comparable with the Rhône Poulenc AN69 Acrylopolynitrile membrane for middle molecular clearance. The gel film is suitable for use with conventional dialysis equipment and in terms of residual blood volume, leak rate and pyrogenicity is indistinguishable from cuprophan.

Cellulose↗
PubMed1976

[Typing staphylococci of intestinal origin according to the character of their bacteriocins].

Results of studying the properties of bacteriocines of pathogenic staphylococci isolated from children with intestinal disturbances are presented; morphology of the inhibition zones, the capacity to penetrate through cellophane, the rate of diffusion in agar and the period of inactivation pointed to the nonhomogeneousness of the 275 strains under study and a possibility of their differentiation with the aid of a provisional scheme including 12 bacteriocinogenotypes. Reference of all or the majority of the strains isolated from the same person to the same bacteriocinogenotype of the scheme pointed to a possibility of its practical application.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1998

Carbon disulfide neurotoxicity in rats: II. Toxicokinetics.

Carbon disulfide (CS2) is an important industrial chemical widely used in the production of rayon, cellophane, fungicides and biocides. The uptake and elimination kinetics of CS2 was characterized for a single i.v. dose and for a single inhalation exposure. The uptake of CS2 into the blood was rapid with half times of 6 to 9 minutes. Elimination was relatively quick with terminal elimination half times of 41 to 77 minutes. The plateau CS2 blood concentration was lower in females than in males and lower in the male 50 ppm treatment group than would be predicted by linear dose proportionality compared to the 500 ppm and 800 ppm treatments. The CS2 blood concentration for the female 50 ppm group was below the limit of detection. The total and central compartment apparent volumes of distribution, 4.2 l/kg and .9 l/kg, were estimated from a single 50 mg/kg i.v. dose. The concentration of CS2 in blood resulting from repeated exposure, was investigated in a 13 week inhalation study. Blood samples were taken in rats previously exposed to 0, 50, 500, and 800 ppm CS2 for 2, 4, 8, or 13 weeks. The concentration of CS2 in the blood of male rats remained relatively constant throughout study. However the female 500 and 800 ppm groups showed a marked decrease over the course of the 13 week study. The concentration of CS2 in the blood from the 500 and 800 ppm groups of both sexes at all time points was higher compared to the 50 ppm group, than would be predicted by linear dose proportionality. The concentration of 2-thiothiazolidine-4-carboxylic acid in urine collected from the same animals lacked dose proportionality between the treatment groups at all time points. CS2 exposure caused dose-related decreases in body weight gain in both male and female rats.

Administration, Inhalation↗
PubMed1997

[Development of a soup pasta based on the taste and nutritional requirements for aged people].

The objective of this project was to elaborate a soup paste product based on cereal/leguminous mixture by cold extrusion method according to the preferences and limitations of the senescent population. Formulas were obtained by a computation food mixtures program; the limitations applied were: protein quantity and quality. Selected mixtures has to contain protein values over 13.2 g/100 g and a chemical assessment of leucine, lysine and methionine-cistein not lower than 75% of the FAO/OMS 1973 recommendations, because they are the limitant aminoacids of the amaranth, the wheat and the beans, respectively. Chemical, physical, microbiological, farinografics and sensorial tests were applied to evaluate the characteristics of the mixtures. The selected mixture was made up of: 70% wheat semolina (Triticum durum), 20% beans (Phaseoulus vulgaris L) and 10% amaranth (Amaranthus hypochondriacus). The manufactured paste allowed 20% of the nutritional requirements of the elderly people of protein, carbohydrates, calcium, iron and vitamins A, B1 and C; it was highly accepted (95%) by the elderly people and was microbiologically stable for 12 weeks period at 25 degrees C and 55% RH in cellophane packages. We can conclude that the soup paste may be a vehicle to add substances and deficient nutriments to the habitual diet of the elderly people in our country.

Amaranthus↗
PubMed1998

Effect of current on dermal permeation of positively charged liposomes.

Transdermal permeation of positively charged liposomally entrapped diphenhydramine hydrochloride (DPH-HCL) has been investigated in presence of pulse D.C. anodic current. Positively charged liposomes were prepared by lipid film hydration technique with stearyl amine as a charge inducer. The prepared liposomes were then subjected to in vitro permeation studies using artificial membrane (cellophane membrane) and human cadaver skin under the influence of iontophoretic current. The effect of variable current density as well as time frequency of application of current onto the release pattern of the plain drug and charged liposomally entrapped drug were studied and the results were compared. The results indicate that application of pulse D.C. anodic current significantly influences the transfer of positively charged liposomally entrapped DPH-HCL across HCS.

Diphenhydramine↗
PubMed1998

Factors defining sensitive skin and its treatment.

BACKGROUND: Users of cosmetics and skin care products often report adverse reactions ranging from itching and dryness to intense inflammatory responses such as erythema or wheal and rash. Self-assessment is not always an accurate parameter for categorizing skin as sensitive or nonsensitive, although it can be valuable. For this reason, it is important to define sensitive skin by more objective factors. OBJECTIVE: Studies were undertaken to determine if objective biophysical measurements could detect differences in barrier function between those individuals who identified themselves as having sensitive skin and those self-identified as having normal skin. In addition, the effects of treatment on barrier functions of individuals with sensitive skin were determined. METHODS: Three main factors that contribute to cutaneous reactivities were observed for the estimation of skin sensitivity: barrier functions, reactivity to irritants, and neuronal responses manifested as sensory reactions. Barrier functions of the skin was tested by gentle removal of the stratum corneum with simple cellophane tape stripping followed by measurement of transepidermal water loss (TEWL) as a marker of barrier loss. The onset and intensity of skin reaction against an irritant, balsam of Peru, was tested on the same individuals to observe the reactivity of their skin. Using the lactic acid sting test, additional information regarding skin sensitivities was obtained. RESULTS: Sensitive skin individuals exhibiting easy barrier damage possess delicate skin that is also highly reactive to irritants. When these individuals used a regimen of products that contained minimal preservatives and no surfactants for 8 weeks, the skin barrier and reactivity changed such that it was similar to nonsensitive skin. CONCLUSIONS: Skin sensitivity is observed because of a combination of factors, including a disrupted barrier and a tendency to hyperreact to topical agents. Treatment with special topical skin care formulations can reduce overall skin sensitivity.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

[Curriculum vitae aortae].

The Greek word aorta means lifter. The vessel was so termed because Aristotle, who first described it, assumed that the heart was lifted by/hanging in aorta. Leonardo da Vinci described the detailed anatomy of aorta. During the 17th century our present understanding of the aorta and the circulation of blood took form due to the descriptions given by William Harvey. The first known operation for abdominal aortic aneurysm was performed in London in 1817 by Sir Astley Cooper who ligated the infrarenal aorta above the aneurysm. Puncture with needles and application of electricity were later tried in order to induce thromboses in the aneurysm. In 1948 Albert Einstein was operated with wrapping of his abdominal aneurysm with cellophane. In 1955 he suffered rupture and died after having refused operation. In 1951 the first successful operation for abdominal aortic aneurysm was performed in Paris by Charles Dubost. With slight modifications, the same operative technique is used today.

Aorta↗