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Using 24 observers with normal color vision, perceived shifts in hue were determined for a yellow-red, green, and blue-green at intermittencies of 5, 10, and 20 cps. The hue shift for yellow-red was consistent with the hue shift exhibited by a deuteranomalous observer while the hue shift for green and blue-green was consistent with that exhibited by a protanomalous observer.
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CLINICAL CASE: A family affected by X-linked blue cone monochromatism is presented. There are 4 male affected individuals and 9 female carriers. DISCUSSION: The diagnosis of blue cone monochromatism is based on severely affected color vision with preserved blue function, poor visual acuity, nystagmus, nearly absent photopic ERG, and a family pedigree compatible with X-linked inheritance. The female carriers showed normal visual function and ocular motility. It is important to be familiar with non progressive cone dysgenesis in order to make a genetic diagnosis of the illnesses in this group.
After presentation of the up to date knowledge on transition form between normal and protanomalous trichromates as well as the gap between normal and deuteranomalous trichromates and author reports on 20,000 investigations of his own on colour vision. Registration of all special cases since 1957 are presented. With reference to the large material it is found that, when all important factors of this investigation are condidred, there is a relatively sharp border between normal and the deuteranomalous at an Ag of 1.75, whereas in the transitional zone of Ag 0.4-0.85 there is marked overlapping between protanomalous and normal trichromates especially in the region of Ag 0.6-0.8. Whereas a differentiation between normal and the deuteranomalous is easily made through the Ag further methods, especially observation of the position of the yellow serew of the anomaloscope. Are always required to differentiate between normal and protanomalous trichromates.
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Further subtractive color matches obtained with the Lovibond Tintometer have confirmed the convergence data for dichromats obtained in a previous study. The characteristic color confusions obtained for 15 protanopes and 15 deuteranopes have been used in the selection of pairs of inks for use in the production of new screen-printed pseudoisochromatic plates incorporating geometric symbols and minimum form parameters. The success of these diagnostic plates is found to depend both on the careful selection of the inks to lie upon appropriate pseudoisochromatic lines but also on the reflected luminance contrast between the symbol and the background matrix of dots.
The results in 55 extreme deuteran and 34 extreme protan trichromats examined with the anomaloscope are reported, which make together about 9% of all red-green vision disturbances in a group of Federal Army relatives. Not only the deuteran but also the protan group make fewer mistakes with red colours as with green.
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