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Results for “Eye Protective Devices”

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At least 793 records · Page 44Linked to original sources
PubMed2004

A model of spectral filtering to reduce photochemical damage in age-related macular degeneration.

BACKGROUND/PURPOSE: Cumulative sunlight exposure and cataract surgery are reported risk factors for advanced age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Laboratory studies suggest that accumulation and photochemical reactions of A2E (N-retinylidene-N-retinylethanolamine) and its epoxides, components of lipofuscin, are important in AMD. To relate this data to the clinical setting, we modeled the effects of macular irradiance and spectral filtering on production of A2E and reactive oxygen intermediates (ROIs) in pseudophakic eyes with a clear or "yellow" intraocular lens (IOL) and in phakic eyes. METHODS: We calculated relative changes of macular irradiance as a function of light (390 to 700 nm) intensity, pupil size, age, and lens status, and modeled resulting all-trans-retinal concentration and rates of production of A2E-related photochemicals and photon-induced ROIs in rods and retinal pigment epithelium (RPE). We compared these photoproducts following cataract surgery and IOL implantation with and without spectral sunglasses to normal age-related nuclear sclerotic lens changes. RESULTS: Following cataract and IOL surgery, all-trans-retinal and lipofuscin photochemistry would theoretically increase average generation of 1) A2E-related photochemicals, 2) ROI in rods and 3) ROI in RPE, respectively, 2.6-, 15- and 6.6-fold with a clear IOL, and 2.1-, 4.1- and 2.6 fold with a yellow IOL, but decrease approximately 30-, approximately 20- and 4-fold with a vermillion filter sunglass and clear IOL compared to an average 70 year old phakic eye. CONCLUSION: Sunglasses that strongly decrease both deep blue light and rod photobleaching, while preserving photopic sensitivity and color perception, would provide upstream protection from potential photochemical damage in subjects at risk for AMD progression after cataract surgery.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

Eye injuries in lacrosse: women need their vision less than men?

We describe four cases of ocular trauma incurred while playing women's lacrosse without eye protection. Women's lacrosse is potentially hazardous because, unlike men's lacrosse, helmets and face masks are not required. These ocular injuries could have been prevented with the use of protective eyewear.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

Occupational open globe injuries.

PURPOSE: Occupational ocular trauma is an important cause of acquired monocular blindness in a rapidly industrialising country like India. Knowledge of the epidemiology of occupational eye injuries is essential to formulate viable industrial safety measures. METHOD: We retrospectively reviewed all patients with occupational open globe injuries between 1994 and 1998. We documented the circumstances of the injuries, their clinical findings and the use of appropriate protective eyewear at the time of the injury. The visual acuity 6 months after the injury was the final outcome measure. RESULTS: In this study period we examined 43 patients with open globe injuries sustained at the work place. Thirty-four (79.1%) patients were young males. The iron and steel industry accounted for 19 (44.2%) cases while 8 (18.6%) patients each were from the agricultural, mining and other small scale industrial sectors. At the time of the injury, 33 (76.7%) were not wearing the recommended protective eyewear and 6 (13.9%) were under the influence of alcohol. The injuries were mild in 6 (13.9%), moderate in 18 (41.9%) and severe in 19 (44.2%) patients. At the end of 6 months, 2 (4.7%) patients had a visual acuity of 6/12 or better, 4 (9.3%) had a visual acuity of 6/18 to 6/60 and 29 (67.4.%) had a vision of <6/60. Eight (18.6%) patients were not available for follow up. CONCLUSIONS: Occupational open globe injuries are usually severe and are associated with a poor visual outcome. Mandatory use of protective eyewear and alcohol-free environment at the work place is likely to reduce the incidence of severe occupational open globe injuries.

Accidents, Occupational↗
PubMed2005

Visual impairment and use of eye-care services and protective eyewear among children--United States, 2002.

Visual impairment is an important cause of developmental disability among children. Ocular conditions, if undetected or untreated, can have substantial long-term implications for the quality of life of the child and the family and can place a burden on public health resources. For these reasons, the national health objectives for 2010 now include three vision objectives for children: 1) reducing visual impairment and blindness, 2) increasing the proportion of preschool children who receive vision screening, and 3) increasing the use of protective eyewear in recreational activities and hazardous situations around the home (objective nos. 28-2, 28-4, and 28-9a). When these objectives were published in November 2000, baseline data were available for only one objective, that of reducing visual impairment and blindness among children. To address all three childhood vision objectives, CDC analyzed data from the 2002 National Health Interview Survey (NHIS). This report summarizes the results of that analysis, which indicated that the prevalence of visual impairment and the use of eye-care services were significantly higher among children aged >6 years, compared with younger children, and varied by race/ethnicity and family income. As a result of that analysis, national baselines are now available for all three objectives. Collaborative efforts of all relevant agencies, health professionals, educators, and the public are needed to achieve the national childhood vision objectives for 2010.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

An observational study of sun and heat protection during Canada Day outdoor celebration, 2003.

Attendance at summer outdoor mass gatherings may lead to heat- and sun-related illness. The purposes of this study were: (1) to estimate the proportion of people in attendance at the 2003 Canada Day celebration in the National Capital Region who used sun and heat protective items; (2) to identify factors associated with the utilization of these protective items; and (3) to provide research data to public outdoor event organizers when developing evidence-based plans for safer events. A naturalistic observational cross-sectional method was used to gather information at the 2003 Canada Day celebration in the National Capital Region on attendees' demographics, the sun and heat protective items they used and the protective resources available at the event sites. Of the 398 observed attendees, the proportion using any one of the protective items ranged from 3 percent (an open umbrella) to 51.5 percent (sunglasses). Females were more likely to use protective items more than males, and adults more likely than children. Planners of public outdoor events should consider the factors that influence the utilization of sun and heat protective behaviours and the environmental modifications that would allow participants to make safe choices.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2005

Through a glass, darkly.

The technology available in today's auto-darkening welding helmets was the stuff of science fiction to welders 30 years ago. A single lens capable of darkening automatically to a variable, preset shade level the instant an arc is struck would have sounded about as realistic as a "Star Trek"-style "transporter" or a cell phone that can take pictures. "It would have been complete and total science fiction," said Kevin Coughlin, president of Hoodlum Welding Gear, Minneapolis. "The technology really didn't exist, so it would be like me telling you your car will be flying in 20 years--you'd look at me and laugh. Even 25 years ago, if someone had told me [the lens] would go from clear to dark when you spark, I'd have said, 'Yeah, right, sure it does.' "

Eye Protective Devices↗
PubMed2005

Choices, choices.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Commerce↗
PubMed2005

Inhibitory effects of facemasks and eyeglasses on invasion of pollen particles in the nose and eye: a clinical study.

The incidence of Japanese cedar pollinosis is estimated to be about 13% of the Japanese population. In Japan it is generic to wear a facemask and eyeglasses to prevent pollen inhalation. We examined the usefulness of a facemask and eyeglasses in cooperation with volunteers. The number of pollen particles in the nasal cavity and on the conjunctiva was unchanged by wearing a facemask and eyeglasses. However, the pollen invasion rate was lower in subjects with a facemask and eyeglasses than in subjects without a facemask and eyeglasses. The decrease in pollen invasion rate in the nasal cavity due to wearing a facemask was statistically significant. This suggested that wearing a facemask has a protective effect on pollen invasion to the nose. The pollen invasion rate in the nasal cavity and on the conjunctiva was increased with increases in the wind speed. It may be difficult to avoid pollen even when wearing a facemask and eyeglasses when the wind speed is high. Further study is required to clarify the relationship between the amount of allergens and clinical symptoms.

Adult↗