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[Frequency quotient of paternity index Qf in a case of replacement of the natural father within a trio with his brother].

Cases of trios in which the natural father's near blood-relative instead of the natural father are among the hardest to give an expert opinion on. The goal of this study was to determine with what frequencies specific given values of paternity index appear in trios with the natural father and with the natural father's brother, and whether these frequencies can be the basis for discovering the substitution of the natural father by a brother in a given trio examined. The study material was the population of genotypes investigated in the AmpF/STR SGM Plus system. It was seen that the higher the paternity index values, the more frequently they appear in trios with the natural father, and less frequently in trios with the natural father's brother. This dependency has a general character and obtained in all the systems studied. The frequency quotients Qf (defined as the frequency of a given PI value in trios with the natural father in relation to the "reduced" frequency of the PI value in trios with the brother of the natural father) are found in the region of c. 0.6 to c. 1.4, whereby extreme values are rare, and the most frequent are cases where Qf oscillates within modest limits around the value 1. This fact shows that the majority of cases, calculated Qf values contribute little to resolving the question of whether the defendant--or his brother--is the child's father.

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PubMedDate not supplied

[Practical usefulness of the IDENTIFILER system for paternity testing in the Central Poland population].

The usefulness of the IDENTIFILER multiplex system for paternity testing in the Central Poland population was examined. One hundred excluding cases and one hundred including cases were analysed and the results were estimated for two different types of cases: trios (standard cases) and duos (motherless cases). Efficiency of exclusion and paternity index were analysed for each locus as well as for the entire set of the fifteen STR markers.

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PubMed2005

Fungal DNA challenge in human STR typing of bone samples.

The present study focuses on possible cross-reaction of fungal DNA with human STR primers that may affect subsequent forensic DNA analysis of forensic samples. Specificity of human STR markers namely HUMAMEL, HUMCSF1PO, D8S306, HUMTH01, HUMvWA, HUMFES/FPS, HUMF13A01, HUMDHFRP2, HUMFGA and HUMTPOX was tested using DNA of 24 different filamentous fungal isolates obtained from exhumed bone samples. The specificity of these ten STR markers for human DNA was demonstrated. Presence of non-human DNA in five bone samples analyzed did not alter scoring of detected alleles. Notably, amplification was inhibited in the presence of a high proportion of fungal DNA compared to human DNA (1000 ng: 1 ng) in DNA mixture experiments. The results of the present study underscore the importance of carefully analyzing the presence of non-human biological contaminants that may affect DNA typing of environmentally challenged forensic samples to avoid spurious data interpretation.

Bone and Bones↗
PubMed2006

[A reviewing for profiling of highly degraded remains].

It's always a challenge to type from highly degraded biological remains. PCR-based STR genotyping is helpful and valuable for such degraded samples like bones, teeth et al, but the typing results are sometimes unstable or wrong. Here the methods for solving the problems and improving reproducibility are reviewed.

Bone and Bones↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[STR polymorphism of the non-coding human growth hormone gene (HUMGHCSA) and its use in personal identification--a preliminary report].

The HUMGHCSA locus, located within the non-coding region of the human growth hormone gene on chromosome 17, exhibiting polymorphism of the number of repeats of two and four nucleotide motifs (CT and CTTT), but also polymorphism caused by nucleotide substitution, is one of the most polymorphic STR markers. The purpose of this study was to report the development of a system of fluorescent analysis for an automatic sequencer, to test its reliability and to develop biostatistical parameters of its usefulness in forensic examinations. The studies, carried out on a group of 200 non-related individuals, showed the presence of 24 different alleles, of 221 to 279 bp in length. Biostatistical calculations demonstrated that the expected heterozygosity was 0,898634 +/- 0,015091, PD - 0,980586, PIC - 0,887709, PE - 0,792767, PE for motherless cases - 0,6556701, and the average paternity index - 4,932625. Such results indicate a High usefulness of the studied HUMGHCSA locus for identification examinations.

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