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At least 793 records · Page 44Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Evaluation of the newly modified AutoMicrobic system gram-positive susceptibility-MIC card for detection of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.

AutoMicrobic system (Vitek Systems, Inc., Hazelwood, Mo.) gram-positive susceptibility-MIC (GPS-MIC) cards and GPS cards were compared for their ability to detect methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in two groups of isolates. MRSA isolates from the first group were detected at rates of 23 and 85%, and MRSA isolates from the second group were detected at rates of 95 and 88% for GPS and GPS-MIC cards, respectively. Detection of MRSA by the AutoMicrobic system lacks sensitivity and remains unsatisfactory unless accompanied by supplemental testing.

Evaluation Studies as Topic↗
PubMed1980

[Accelerated determination of microbial sensitivity to antibiotics and chemotherapeutic preparations by serial dilutions using the peroxidase test].

A rapid method for determination of microbial sensitivity to antibiotics and chemotherapeutic drugs with the use of the peroxidase test is described. The procedure takes 6 hours. Peroxidase is determined by a change in the color of the methyl-para-amino phenol sulfate solution added to the broth culture in 6 hours (simultaneously with hydrogen peroxide). The peroxidase test provides detection of the microbe multiplication even when no turbidity is observed.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1999

Presence of Staphylococcus aureus with reduced susceptibility to vancomycin in Germany.

A total of 457 Staphylococcus aureus strains from the culture collection of the National Reference Center for Staphylococci in Bonn, Germany, were screened for susceptibility to vancomycin because some Staphylococcus aureus strains are able to form subpopulations that show intermediate resistance to vancomycin. Two methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains (isolated in 1993) exhibited intermediate resistance. One of these, Staphylococcus aureus 137-93, which displayed the genomic DNA fragment pattern of the northern German epidemic strain, appeared homogeneously resistant. Neither of these strains had been identified by routine susceptibility testing. The resistance of the German isolates was lower than that of the Japanese isolate Mu50. To determine whether a similar mechanism confers vancomycin resistance in Staphylococcus aureus Mu50 and 137-93, the intracellular cell wall precursor concentration was measured and was not found to be comparably increased in Staphylococcus aureus 137-93. In conclusion, strains showing intermediate resistance have been present in Germany for some time (at least since 1993), but the subpopulations with decreased sensitivity were overlooked during antibiotic susceptibility testing.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed2003

Comparison of DNA sequencing, PCR-SSCP and PhaB assays with indirect sensitivity testing for detection of rifampicin resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

SETTING: Tuberculosis Research Centre, Chennai, India. OBJECTIVE: To rapidly identify multidrug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis using phenotypic and genotypic methods. DESIGN: Two genotypic assays, DNA sequencing and polymerase chain reaction single strand conformation polymorphism (PCR-SSCP), and one phenotypic assay, phage amplified biological assay (PhaB) were standardised in-house and performed on coded 101 rifampicin-resistant and 100 rifampicin-sensitive M. tuberculosis clinical isolates for the identification of rifampicin resistance. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The results obtained using the three assays were compared with those from the conventional indirect sensitivity test. The sensitivities and specificities of DNA sequencing, PCR-SSCP and PhaB were 97% and 100%, 76% and 100%, and 97% and 84%, respectively. DNA sequencing was found to be more sensitive and specific than the other tests.

Base Sequence↗
PubMed1993

Comparison of three methods for the determination of the sensitivity of Helicobacter pylori to metronidazole.

A comparison of various methods for the determination of the sensitivity of Helicobacter pylori to metronidazole was undertaken. The validity of the agar dilution, the disc diffusion and the Epsilometer (E) test was studied using a total of 86 strains, 16 of which were known to be resistant to metronidazole. All tests were carried out on Mueller-Hinton agar with 5% sheep blood. The results of the disc diffusion and the E-test were highly significantly (P < 0.001) associated with those of the agar dilution test, which was taken as a standard (r = -0.96 and r = 0.96, respectively). Investigation of the accuracy of the repetitive (n = 10) testing ten sensitive and one resistant strains, showed that the disc diffusion test led to a systematic and significant (2p < 0.001) underestimation of the MIC values calculated from the inhibition zone diameters via linear regression. In contrast, the results of the E-test did not differ significantly from those of the agar dilution test. The precision of the agar dilution test was significantly worse (2p < 0.005) than the E-test and the disc diffusion test. Because of its accuracy and significantly better precision, the E-test is recommended as the best and simplest method for routine antibiotic sensitivity testing of H. pylori.

Culture Media↗
PubMed2006

[Drug-resistance of staphylococcus aureus and detection of mecA gene in all strains isolated from children in Hangzhou].

OBJECTIVE: To study the resistance of staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) isolated from children in Hangzhou to antibiotics and analyze the clinical value of mecA-PCR in determining oxacillin-resistant isolates. METHODS: S. aureus isolates were screened by using latex agglutination test and identified with GPI card of Vitek system. Antibiotics sensitivity tests were performed using disk diffusion methods and tests for sensitivity to oxacillin and vancomycin were performed with a further E-test method. The mecA gene was detected with polymerase-chain reaction (PCR). RESULTS: Of all 259 S. aureus strains, 185 from clinical specimens in inpatients and 74 from pharyngeal swabs in healthy children, 247 strains (95.8%) were beta-lactamase-positive and resistant to penicillin, while 91.1% of all strains were sensitive to oxacillin. All the strains were sensitive to vacomycin and 91.9% of all the strains were susceptible to cefotaxime and ceftriaxone. Resistance to erythromycin, tetracycline, clindamycin, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, chloramphenicol, ofloxacin and rifampin were 48.3%, 30.9%, 21.6%, 11.2%, 10.0%, 2.3% and 1.5%, respectively. The resistance rate to oxacillin, cefotaxime, and ceftriaxone in clinical strains were significantly higher than that in carried strains (P < 0.05), while erythromycin-resistance rate was significantly higher in carried strains than that in clinical isolates (P < 0.05). The mecA-PCR showed that the control strain ATCC25923 and all oxacillin-sensitive S. aureus were mecA-negative, while all oxacillin-resistant strains were mecA-positive instead. Only one strain was mecA-positive in 7 oxacillin-intermediate S. aureus strains. CONCLUSION: Oxacillin-resistance in S. aureus isolates was low, and mecA-PCR method is a good choice for rapid examination oxacillin-resistant strains.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗