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PubMed1992

Genotypic identification and characterization of species and strains within the genus Candida by using random amplified polymorphic DNA.

Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) was used to better characterize the genotypic relatedness among medically important Candida species. By using short oligomer primers (10-mers) with arbitrarily chosen sequences in the polymerase chain reaction, distinctive and reproducible sets of polymerase chain reaction products were observed for isolates of C. albicans, C. lusitaniae, C. tropicalis, and Torulopsis (Candida) glabrata. The RAPD analysis differentiated a physiologically homogeneous panel of C. parapsilosis into three distinct groups and showed genetic diversity within C. haemulonii. Intraspecies DNA-length polymorphisms were seen for RAPD profiles derived from different isolates of each species. Analysis of RAPDs from a panel of C. albicans, which included 16 laboratory derivatives of two reference strains, showed that the profiles of unrelated strains differed and that the derivatives of each reference strain were identifiable. Minor differences in the RAPD profiles, suggestive of mutations that had occurred during the long-term maintenance of the strains, were detected. Because of its ease and reliability, RAPD analysis should be useful in providing genotypic characters for taxonomic descriptions, for confirming the identities of stock isolates, for typing Candida species in epidemiologic investigations, and for use in the rapid identification of pathogenic fungi.

Base Sequence↗

PubMed2005

Sensitisation to mites in laboratory animal workers with rhinitis.

AIMS: To determine the frequency of sensitisation to mites among rhinitic laboratory animal workers and to clarify whether sensitisation could be occupational. METHODS: Skin prick tests (SPT) were performed in 40 subjects who were working with laboratory animals in Kuopio University research units and who had been referred to Kuopio University Hospital for work related rhinitis. The SPT panel consisted of three storage mites, two house dust mites, 11 other common environmental airborne allergens, latex, and 2-4 individually relevant laboratory animals. To determine signs of mites in animal facilities, guanine was determined in 22 dust samples taken from feedstuffs or bedding material used for laboratory animals and from rooms where these materials were stored and handled. RESULTS: Positive SPT results were found in 35 out of 40 workers: in 14 for storage mites, four for house dust mites, 25 for other common aeroallergens, as well as positive reactions to laboratory animals in 19 individuals. The guanine test was positive, indicating the presence of mite derived material in 21 out of 22 dust samples. CONCLUSIONS: This study suggests that subjects who are occupationally exposed to laboratory animals are also exposed to mite derived allergens. Sensitisation to mites is common and may be work related.

Adult↗

PubMed1999

Identification of sds21 in fission yeast in an inhibitor-resistant high molecular mass protein phosphatase-1 complex.

While characterizing the type-1 protein phosphatases sds21 and dis2 in fission yeast (Schizosaccharomyces pombe) a novel high molecular mass protein was identified with serine/threonine phosphatase activity (referred to as PP-R) that was resistant to a panel of characteristic inhibitors of protein phosphatases. Purification of the native sds21 catalytic isoform of protein phosphatase-1 (PP-1) from an S. pombe knockout strain lacking dis2 (deltadis2) resulted predominantly in identification of PP-R. To test the hypothesis that the catalytic activity of PP-R comprised sds21, a parallel purification was performed of PP-1 activity from an S. pombe knockout strain lacking sds21 (deltasds21). Both deltasds21 and deltadis2 strains exhibited similar protein phosphatase activity profiles as determined by DEAE-sepharose, Mono-Q and Superdex gel filtration chromatography. However, the peak of protein phosphatase activity from deltasds21 S. pombe that co-migrated with PP-R from deltadis2 S. pombe exhibited the sensitivity to a panel of inhibitors that was characteristic of a type-1 protein phosphatase. These data suggest that the catalytic subunit of PP-R comprises sds21 and that the resistance to inhibitors may originate from structural differences between dis2 and sds21 isoforms. A key structural feature present in sds21, but lacking in dis2, is a classical phosphorylation consensus sequence surrounding serine-145 of sds21. The previous hypothesis was that PP-1 activity among several lower eukaryotes may be regulated directly by cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA) phosphorylation. However, this study demonstrated that recombinant sds21 is not a target for PKA in vitro. The constrained configuration of the putative PKA site on the PP-1 holoenzyme may restrict its ability to be targeted by PKA.

Amino Acid Sequence↗

PubMed2006

High resolution physical map of porcine chromosome 7 QTL region and comparative mapping of this region among vertebrate genomes.

BACKGROUND: On porcine chromosome 7, the region surrounding the Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) contains several Quantitative Trait Loci (QTL) influencing many traits including growth, back fat thickness and carcass composition. Previous studies highlighted that a fragment of approximately 3.7 Mb is located within the Swine Leucocyte Antigen (SLA) complex. Internal rearrangements of this fragment were suggested, and partial contigs had been built, but further characterization of this region and identification of all human chromosomal fragments orthologous to this porcine fragment had to be carried out. RESULTS: A whole physical map of the region was constructed by integrating Radiation Hybrid (RH) mapping, BAC fingerprinting data of the INRA BAC library and anchoring BAC end sequences on the human genome. 17 genes and 2 reference microsatellites were ordered on the high resolution IMNpRH212000rad Radiation Hybrid panel. A 1000:1 framework map covering 550 cR12000 was established and a complete contig of the region was developed. New micro rearrangements were highlighted between the porcine and human genomes. A bovine RH map was also developed in this region by mapping 16 genes. Comparison of the organization of this region in pig, cattle, human, mouse, dog and chicken genomes revealed that 1) the translocation of the fragment described previously is observed only on the bovine and porcine genomes and 2) the new internal micro rearrangements are specific of the porcine genome. CONCLUSION: We estimate that the region contains several rearrangements and covers 5.2 Mb of the porcine genome. The study of this complete BAC contig showed that human chromosomal fragments homologs of this heavily rearranged QTL region are all located in the region of HSA6 that surrounds the centromere. This work allows us to define a list of all candidate genes that could explain these QTL effects.

Animals↗

PubMed2004

Referral patterns to a pediatric orthopedic clinic: implications for education and practice.

OBJECTIVE: Musculoskeletal medicine is becoming an increasingly essential part of primary care medicine. The American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) Surgical Advisory Panel recently published voluntary guidelines to establish diagnoses that should be referred to a pediatric specialist rather than a general specialist (pediatric orthopedic surgery vs general orthopedic surgery). Given the crisis in pediatric orthopedic surgery manpower and resources, we believe that these guidelines are useful in defining appropriate referrals. The purpose of this study was to compare diagnoses that primary care pediatric providers believe commonly need referral to the AAP Guidelines for Referral to Pediatric Specialists recommendations for referral to pediatric orthopedic specialists. METHODS: A chart review of successive new referrals (n = 286) to the pediatric orthopedic clinic during a 12-month period was conducted. The following information was collected: 1) diagnosis from referring provider, 2) diagnosis and treatment plan by the pediatric orthopedic surgeon, 3) type of referring provider (eg, pediatrician, family practitioner, resident physician, physician assistant), and 4) patient age. The referring diagnosis, final orthopedic diagnosis, and treatment plan for each patient was compared against the AAP Guidelines for Referral to Pediatric Specialists. The terms "appropriate" and "inappropriate" were used to differentiate those diagnoses that matched versus those that did not match the AAP Guidelines, respectively. RESULTS: This analysis shows that a significant percentage (64.7%) of definitive diagnoses of referred cases were not consistent with the new AAP recommended guidelines for referral to pediatric orthopedic surgeons. In addition, a 23.8% (68 of 286) false-positive rate of referring diagnoses is noted. Cases that required no treatment or follow-up to monitor demonstrated a 32.8% (60 of 183) [(40 no treatment + 20 monitor inappropriate)/(116 no treatment + 67 monitor total)] false-positive rate. CONCLUSIONS: Inappropriate referrals create a large use of pediatric orthopedic resources, which delays care of other, more appropriate patients. A large proportion of referrals indicated either a lack of basic textbook knowledge or lack of examination skills and appropriate diagnostic tools as demonstrated by a high number of definitive diagnosis indicating normal variants.

Adolescent↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Odor and gas release from anaerobic treatment lagoons for swine manure.

Odor and gas release from anaerobic lagoons for treating swine waste affect air quality in neighboring communities but rates of release are not well documented. A buoyant convective flux chamber (BCFC) was used to determine the effect of lagoon loading rate on measured odor and gas releases from two primary lagoons at a simulated wind speed of 1.0 m s(-1). Concentrations of ammonia (NH3), hydrogen sulfide (H2S), carbon dioxide (CO2), sulfur dioxide (SO2), and nitric oxide (NO) in 50-L air samples were measured. A panel of human subjects, whose sensitivity was verified with a certified reference odorant, evaluated odor concentration, intensity, and hedonic tone. Geometric mean odor concentrations of BCFC inlet and outlet samples and of downwind berm samples were 168 +/- 44 (mean +/- 95% confidence interval), 262 +/- 60, and 114 +/- 38 OU(E) m(-3) (OU(E), European odor unit, equivalent to 123 microg n-butanol), respectively. The overall geometric mean odor release was 2.3 +/- 1.5 OU(E) s(-1) m(-2) (1.5 +/- 0.9 OU s(-1) m(-2)). The live mass specific geometric mean odor release was 13.5 OU(E) s(-1) AU(-1) (animal unit = 500 kg live body mass). Overall mean NH3, H2S, CO2 and SO2 releases were 101 +/- 24, 5.7 +/- 2.0, 852 +/- 307, and 0.5 +/- 0.4 microg s(-1) m(-2), respectively. Nitric oxide was not detected. Odor concentrations were directly proportional to H2S and CO2 concentrations and odor intensity, and inversely proportional to hedonic tone and SO2 concentration (P < 0.05). Releases of NH3, H2S, and CO2 were directly proportional (P < 0.05) to volatile solids loading rate (VSLR).

Air Pollutants↗

PubMed1993

Limitations of impedance plethysmography in the diagnosis of clinically suspected deep-vein thrombosis.

OBJECTIVE: To re-evaluate the accuracy of impedance plethysmography (IPG) for the detection of proximal deep-vein thrombosis (DVT). PATIENTS: A total of 384 of 390 consecutive outpatients referred with their first episode of clinically suspected deep-vein thrombosis. SETTING: University-based tertiary care medical center associated with a cancer clinic. DESIGN: A retrospective analysis of a cohort of patients whose data were recorded and stored prospectively on a computerized data base over a 22-month period. MEASUREMENTS: Patients were evaluated by a physician and underwent IPG testing. Patients with abnormal IPG tests and those with normal IPG results in whom there was a high clinical suspicion of DVT or in whom follow-up IPG testing was not feasible were referred for venography. Venography and IPG results were interpreted by a panel of independent observers. Two models of the IPG instrument were used (Codman 200 and Electrodiagnostic Instruments 800). RESULTS: Venography (or compression ultrasound) was done in 57 patients with an abnormal IPG test and in 85 patients with normal IPG results. Impedance plethysmography was abnormal in only 37 of 56 patients with confirmed proximal-vein thrombosis (sensitivity, 66%; 95% Cl, 52% to 78%). Of the 57 patients with an abnormal IPG result, 37 had DVT (positive predictive value, 65%). The sensitivity for the detection of proximal DVT did not differ between the IPG 200 and 800 instruments (sensitivity, 63% and 71%, respectively; P > 0.2). Of the 19 proximal-vein thrombi not detected by IPG, 12 (63%) were occlusive and 11 (58%) involved at least the popliteal and superficial femoral veins. CONCLUSIONS: At our center, IPG has a far lower sensitivity for proximal-vein thrombosis than has been previously reported for symptomatic outpatients. The reason for this low sensitivity is unclear. Our findings indicate that centers using IPG as the initial diagnostic test for suspected DVT should be aware of this potential problem and should consider re-evaluating the sensitivity of their IPG machines by performing venography in a cohort of their patients with normal test results.

Female↗

PubMed1999

Intercalation into DNA is not required for inhibition of topoisomerase I by indolocarbazole antitumor agents.

The DNA-intercalating antitumor drug NB-506 is a potent topoisomerase poison currently undergoing phase I/II clinical trials. It contains a planar indolocarbazole chromophore substituted with a glucose residue. Up until now, it was thought that intercalation of the drug into DNA was essential for the stabilization of topoisomerase I-DNA covalent complexes. But, in the present study, we show that a regio-isomeric form of NB-506 has lost its capacity to intercalate into DNA, but remains an extremely potent topoisomerase I poison. The new analogue contains two hydroxyl groups at positions 2,10 instead of positions 1,11 in NB-506. The relocation of the two OH groups reduces considerably the strength of binding to DNA and prevents the drug from intercalating into the DNA double helix. However, the topoisomerase I inhibition capacity of the new analogue remains very high. The two drug isomers are equally potent at maintaining the integrity of the topoisomerase I-DNA covalent complexes, but stimulate cleavage at different sites on DNA. NB-506 stabilizes topoisomerase I preferentially at sites having a pyrimidine (T or C) and a G on the 5' and 3' sides of the cleaved bond, respectively. The 2,10-isomer induces topoisomerase I-mediated cleavage only at TG sites and, thus, behaves exactly as the reference topoisomerase I poison camptothecin. Finally, cytotoxicity measurements performed with a panel of murine and human cancer cell lines reveal that the newly designed drug is considerably (up to 100-fold) more toxic to tumor cells than the parent drug NB-506. We conclude that the DNA-binding and topoisomerase I poisoning activities of NB-506 can be viewed as two separate mechanisms.

Animals↗

PubMed2000

Are patients with hyperlipidemia being treated? Investigation of cholesterol treatment practices in an HMO primary care setting.

BACKGROUND: The main study objective was to investigate cholesterol treatment practices of primary care physicians in a managed care setting. METHODS: The study was a retrospective review of data with a quasiexperimental design. The National Cholesterol Education Program-Adult Treatment Panel II (NCEP-ATP II) guidelines were used as the reference for conducting a measurement model in the study. Data were randomly selected via a systematic probability sampling method from a health maintenance organization (HMO) capitated risk-based contracting medical clinic in southern Florida. RESULTS: Of the 348 patients selected for the study, 224 (65%) needed either dietary therapy (n = 106) or drug therapy (n = 118). However, only 16 patients (13.6%) had ever had cholesterol-lowering drug regimens prescribed during the 5-year study period. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings indicate that (1) primary care physicians have poorly adopted the cholesterol management practice recommended by NCEP guidelines and need to improve their recognition and treatment of hypercholesterolemia; and (2) the problem of underutilizing prescription medications may be associated with risk-sharing capitation arrangements between physicians and third-party insurers.

Adult↗

PubMed1986

Partial thromboplastin time test--proposed performance guidelines. ICSH Panel on the PTT.

The partial thromboplastin time (PTT) test is widely used as a screening test for the detection of hemophilia. It is also used to monitor patients on heparin anticoagulation. This proposal from a ICSH Panel proposes guidelines for the performance of this test, including comparable reference ranges, precision and sensitivity requirements.

Blood Coagulation Tests↗

PubMed1996

Performance of broiler chicks fed on alkali-treated neem (Azadirachta indica) kernel cake as a protein supplement.

1. An experiment was conducted to evaluate growth and nutrient efficiency of broiler chicks from 3 to 42 d fed on diets containing alkali-treated neem (Azadirachta indica A. juss) kernel cake (NKC) as a protein supplement in place of peanut meal (PNM). 2. NKC was treated with sodium hydroxide at 10 (ANKC 1) or 20 g (ANKC 2)/kg and incorporated into the test diets at 135 or 300 g/kg to replace 50 (low-L) or 100 (High-H)% of the PNM protein of the reference diet. 3. Despite comparable retentions of dry matter and total carbohydrate on L-ANKC 1 and 2, fibre on L-and H-ANKC 2 and nitrogen, calcium and acid detergent fibre on all experimental diets compared to the retentions of chicks on the reference diet, only the chicks fed L-ANKC 2 were found to grow and utilise food as well as those on the reference diet. 4. The activities of serum alkaline phosphatase on H-ANKC 1 and alanine amino transferase on all test diets were depressed (P < 0.05), but the activity of serum aspartate amino transferase, total erythrocyte count and concentration of blood haemoglobin and urea were similar in all chicks. 5. No significant differences were noticed in the qualitative and quantitative characteristics of the meat of chicks fed on the reference diet and on diets incorporating ANKC at the lower concentrations. Feeding ANKC protein did not impart any untoward taste as evaluated in pressure cooked meat by a semitrained panel on a 7 point Hedonic scale. 6. Except for duodenal and jejunal inflammation in chicks on both reference and test diets, all the vital organs were normal, ruling out any adverse affects caused by residual neem bitters. 7. Comparable performance and cost of chicks fed on the reference and L-ANKC 2 diets, warrants the utilisation of hitherto wasted protein-rich NKC after alkali treatment in broiler chick diets to spare peanut meal for human consumption in developing countries.

Alanine Transaminase↗

PubMed1985

Salivary gland tumours. A review of 2410 cases with particular reference to histological types, site, age and sex distribution.

To date the British Salivary Gland Tumour Panel has accumulated 2569 salivary gland tumours. Of these, 2410 were primary epithelial salivary gland tumours and these formed the basis of the present study. The diagnosis of individual tumours was based on the World Health Organisation classification. Tumours were analysed according to histological type, site, age and sex. The principal site was the parotid and the combined minor (oropharyngeal) glands formed the second largest group. Pleomorphic adenomas formed the largest group of tumours in most sites, but were particularly common in the parotid. The frequency of malignant tumours increased with age after the third decade and was maximal in the eighth decade. Malignant tumours were more common in the submandibular and the minor glands than in the parotid. In the sublingual gland six out of seven tumours were malignant.

Adenoma↗

PubMed1990

Evaluation of autoSCAN-W/A automated microbiology system for the identification of non-glucose-fermenting gram-negative bacilli.

We evaluated the ability of the autoSCAN-W/A (MicroScan Division, Baxter Healthcare Corporation, West Sacramento, Calif.), in conjunction with the dried colorimetric Neg ID type 2 panel (DCP) and new rapid fluorometric Neg ID panel (RFP), to identify non-glucose-fermenting gram-negative bacilli by challenging the system with 310 previously identified reference strains. Of these 310 isolates, 286 organisms were in the DCP data base and 269 were in the RFP data base. Use of the DCP panels resulted in 118 (41.3%) correct and 64 (22.4%) incorrect first choice identifications at greater than or equal to 85% probability, 61 (21.3%) low-probability identifications, and 43 (15.0%) reports of unidentified organisms. The RFP system reported 135 (50.1%) correct and 25 (9.3%) incorrect identifications at greater than or equal to 85% probability and 109 (40.5%) low-probability identifications. Unidentified isolates (DCP system only) and isolates producing low-probability first choice identifications (both systems) required supplementary biochemical testing. Over half (37 of 64 [57.8%]) of the DCP misidentifications were due to four commonly isolated, saccharolytic organisms (Alcaligenes xylosoxidans subsp. xylosoxidans, Pseudomonas putida, Pseudomonas fluorescens, and Xanthomonas maltophilia), while 7 of 25 (28%) of misidentifications in the RFP system were due to P. fluorescens. Of note, the RFP system identified non-glucose-fermenting gram-negative bacilli within 2 h of panel inoculation, allowing additional conventional biochemical tests to be set up the same day on low-probability isolates, whereas only 13.5% of the DCPs could be read at 18 h, with the remainder requiring 42 h of incubation before reading. When organism identifications were recalculated with the updated RFP data base and revised software, only 8.1% of all 310 isolates were misidentified at greater than or equal to 85% probability while 77.1% of the isolates were now correctly reported at this same high probability.

Bacteriological Techniques↗

PubMed1993

Comparisons of the five analytic reference lines of the horizontal lip position: their consistency and sensitivity.

One-hundred ten lateral facial profiles were judged to be attractive and were selected from 1000 Taiwanese pupils by a panel of four men and three women from different educational backgrounds. The 110 in the attractive group were analyzed by using five analytic reference lines: Ricketts E line, Holdaway's H line, Steiner's S1 line, Burstone's B line, and Sushner's S2 line. Comparisons of the "consistency" (the smaller coefficient of variation the better the consistency) and the "sensitivity" (the power to differentiate the attractive lateral facial profiles from the unattractive ones) of the five analytic lines were performed. The B line was found to be best in terms of both consistency and sensitivity. From the point of view of convenience, the E line is of great value because its anterior location makes it convenient for the clinician to use. However, the B line appears best from the perspective of the value of reference. This study found that those analytic reference lines that do not transverse an anatomic landmark of the nose most likely have poor consistency and sensitivity. This finding is consistent with the idea that the nose should be taken into consideration when a line is to be used as a reference for beauty on the lateral facial profile.

Analysis of Variance↗

PubMed2005

Impact of carbon dioxide on the susceptibility of key respiratory tract pathogens to telithromycin and azithromycin.

OBJECTIVES: To determine the quantitative differences in telithromycin and azithromycin MIC values against Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae and Streptococcus pyogenes obtained using two recommended and commonly used methodologies: CLSI reference standard broth microdilution in ambient air and Etest((R)) concentration gradient in CO(2). METHODS: Four hundred clinical isolates (S. pneumoniae, n = 200; H. influenzae, n = 100; S. pyogenes, n = 100) were evaluated in seven independent laboratories. Telithromycin and azithromycin MICs were determined using CLSI broth microdilution panels incubated in ambient air and Etest strips incubated in CO(2). Standard quality control reference strains-S. pneumoniae ATCC 49619 (n = 10) and H. influenzae ATCC 49247 (n = 10)-were also tested. RESULTS: Telithromycin and azithromycin Etest MICs in CO(2) were elevated for all organisms when compared with values obtained using broth microdilution in ambient air. Telithromycin geometric mean MIC values increased in CO(2) by 2.05, 1.00 and 1.78 log(2) dilutions for S. pneumoniae, H. influenzae and S. pyogenes, respectively. The corresponding values for azithromycin were 2.54, 1.21 and 3.0 log(2) dilutions, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Telithromycin MICs measured using Etest in CO(2) are consistently elevated compared with those generated by CLSI broth microdilution measured in ambient air. These findings indicate that Etest should not be routinely used for the determination of telithromycin MICs against S. pneumoniae, H. influenzae and S. pyogenes, unless appropriate corrective factors are applied before reporting MICs or applying interpretive susceptibilities. Based on results from this study, Etest MIC breakpoints and quality control ranges are proposed.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗

PubMed1990

Assignment of assay values to Coulter controls and calibrators.

The whole blood reference specimens are carefully selected in order to minimize errors in either reference methods or the assay method that might be produced by interferants in the specimens. Fundamental to the process of assigning values to calibrators and controls is the rule that fresh whole blood from normal donors be used as the transfer medium between reference measurement methods and the automated blood cell counter that will be used to assay the stabilized whole blood product. Increasing recognition is being given to the need to adopt K2EDTA salts as global standards for reference specimen anticoagulant. The reference methods used by Coulter closely follow the methods recommended by the Cytometry Panel of the International Committee for Standardization in Haematology and by the National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards. Methods used for the statistical control of value assignment are appropriate for commercial rather than institutional use. Simplification of methods is possible because of high levels of test replication and the homogeneous nature of stabilized blood products.

Automation↗

PubMed1994

Panel processes for revising relative values of physician work. A pilot study.

In this study, a set of meetings was conducted to pilot a group-discussion-based method anchored by a reference set of services with agreed-on values for revising the Medicare Resource-Based Relative Value Scale (RBRVS). The authors focused on the method as it evolved over the sequence of meetings, rather than on whether the relative values of work obtained were more or less valid than relative values of work obtained elsewhere. Four pilot panels, composed of 46 physicians from different specialties (including primary care), were conducted to rate total physician work. One panel examined 80 urologic services, another panel examined 80 ophthalmologic services, and the last two panels considered the merit of appeals from five specialty and subspecialty societies to 68 and 48 services, respectively. Rather than using the method of ratio estimation relative to a standard service, panelists were asked to estimate magnitudes relative to an established multispecialty reference set of values. Prominent members of that reference set were graphically displayed to panelists on a "ruler." Measures included physicians' preliminary and final ratings and detailed notes of the group discussions conducted between the ratings. The authors found that a panel process for refining relative values of work is practical, provided that panelists are provided with a valid reference set for comparison purposes and provided that care is taken that all members feel comfortable engaging in the discussion. In Summer 1992, the Health Care Financing Association conducted a series of multispecialty panels based on the methods presented here to produce the 1993 RBRVS; in addition, the RBRVS Update Committee of the American Medical Association is employing group processes and a reference set in determining the relative work values of new Current Procedural Terminology codes.

Economics, Medical↗

PubMed1994

Further characterization of a somatic cell hybrid panel: ten new assignments to the bovine genome.

Thirty-six partially characterized hamster-bovine hybrid cell lines were used for the determination of synteny groups. Sixteen additional reference loci, selected for their coverage of the bovine genome, were analysed on these hybrid cells. This increases to 25 the number of synteny groups detected. This panel was then used to make synteny assignments for 10 additional loci, eight by Southern blotting (COL1A1, COL1A2, FAS, CTSB, CTSL, CHRNG, HEXB and HTR1A) and two by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification (HRH1 and ETH1112). These loci were assigned to international synteny groups U12 (HRH1), U13 (COL1A2), U17 (CHRNG), U21 (COL1A1, FAS), U29 (ETH1112), to chromosome 20 (U14 or U25) for HEXB and HTR1A, and to the same local synteny group (A), which is probably U18, for CTSB and CTSL. For three loci already mapped in humans (COL1A1, COL1A2 and CHRNG), the present results are in accordance with the predictions based on comparative mapping between the human and bovine species.

Animals↗