SEARCH · PubMed Health

Results for “Retinal Detachment”

Explore indexed PubMed citations for clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health research. Read source abstracts and follow each citation to its original PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 793 records · Page 44Linked to original sources

PubMed1992

Early receptor potentials recorded in humans via dermal electrodes. Normative data and prognostic value in retinal detachment.

Early receptor potentials were recorded by skin electrodes positioned at the inferior orbital margin in 32 patients with recent bullous retinal detachments and in nine patients with old, total retinal detachments. Results were compared to those obtained in a normative study performed on 200 healthy subjects. In patients with recent retinal detachments, no significant variations were found with respect to normal subjects. In patients with old retinal detachments, an early receptor potential of decreased amplitude was recorded in only five subjects, while in the other four the trace could not be separated from the noise.

Adolescent↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Vitreous surgery for bilateral bullous retinal detachment in Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada syndrome.

A successful surgical treatment (vitrectomy) for bilateral bullous retinal detachment in a patient with Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada (VKH) disease is reported. A 78-year-old woman had severe reduction of visual acuity in both eyes because of an extremely bullous nonrhegmatogenous retinal detachment accompanied by VKH disease. We performed lens extraction and vitrectomy on both eyes combined with systemic and topical corticosteroid therapy. The retina was reattached immediately after the surgery and her visual acuity promptly improved in both eyes. She had no recurrence of retinal detachment even after tapering the dose of corticosteroid. We suggest that vitrectomy may be an effective therapeutic option in the treatment for severe bullous retinal detachment associated with VKH disease.

Aged↗

PubMed1993

Photoreceptor outer segments in the aqueous humor of patients with atopic dermatitis and retinal detachment.

We examined the aqueous humor by electron microscopy of four patients with atopic dermatitis and retinal detachment. All the patients had a moderate number of cells in the aqueous humor. Cataract impaired fundus visualization except for one patient with aphakia. A flat retinal detachment involved a wide area detected by echography. The intraocular pressure in the eyes with retinal detachment demonstrated a marked diurnal fluctuation compared with that of the fellow eye. The aqueous cells consisted predominantly of photoreceptor outer segments. This finding does not support the theory that aqueous cells in atopic dermatitis are of inflammatory origin. Photoreceptor outer segments in aqueous humor are indicative of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment in patients with atopic dermatitis.

Adolescent↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Role of retinal detachment subretinal fluid on extracellular matrix metabolism.

PURPOSE: To examine the in vitro effects of subretinal fluid (SRF) from patients with retinal detachment on extracellular matrix turnover. METHODS: Matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) activity was explored by radiolabeled substrate degradation and zymography. Human lung fibroblasts were used to analyze SRF effects on collagen synthesis and cell proliferation. Transforming growth factor-beta(2) (TGF-beta(2)) concentration was determined in SRF samples by a quantitative sandwich enzyme immunoassay. RESULTS: MMP-2 and MMP-9 gelatinolytic activity was observed in all SRF samples. Collagenase activity was not detected in SRF from patients with holes and recurrent retinal detachment. All SRF samples stimulated fibroblast proliferation and collagen synthesis but SRF samples from recurrent retinal detachment patients with previous retinal tears had the largest effect with the largest TGF-beta(2) concentration. CONCLUSIONS: The gelatinolytic activity found in all SRF samples might be associated with the retinal detachment process. Low collagenase activity with an increase in collagen synthesis could indicate a risk factor to the development of proliferative vitreoretinopathy.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1979

Applanation-Schiøtz disparity after retinal detachment surgery utilizing cryopexy.

Previous reports of applanation-Schiøtz disparity following retinal detachment surgery involved patients whose detachments were treated with diathermy and scleral buckling. In 73 patients with retinal detachments treated by cryopexy and scleral buckling, applanation and Schiøtz pressures were measured before and after surgery. In the postoperative period, applanation tension values were significantly higher than Schiøtz values in the operated eyes only; the mean disparity was 6 mm Hg, with a range of 0 to 14 mm Hg. Sex, age, surgical aphakia, and length of time after surgery did not influence the data. Placement of the buckle, rather than extent of cryopexy, appeared to be the main factor in producing this disparity. Ophthalmologists who utilize the Schiøtz tonometer should be aware of the various conditions, including retinal detachment surgery, which produce low ocular rigidity.

Adult↗

PubMed1990

Retinal detachment in penetrating keratoplasty patients.

We reviewed the records of 23 patients who had retinal detachment after penetrating keratoplasty. Seventeen retinas (74%) were reattached successfully. Of the six failures, four patients had hemorrhagic choroidal detachment at the time of keratoplasty. When these complex retinal detachments are subtracted, 17 of 19 patients (89%) had successful retinal reattachments. Of the 17 successes, only seven patients had visual acuity of 20/200 or better. Retinal detachments after penetrating keratoplasty can be repaired with a high rate of success, but visual results remain disappointing.

Cataract Extraction↗

PubMed2003

Modified external needle drainage procedure for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment.

PURPOSE: To describe the results of a modified external needle subretinal fluid drainage technique to treat eyes with a rhegmatogenous retinal detachment. METHODS: One hundred eighty-seven consecutive patients with a rhegmatogenous retinal detachment who underwent scleral buckle and modified external needle drainage at Duke Eye Center or Vistar Eye Associates were included in this study. Subretinal fluid was drained by a technique whereby the intraocular pressure was raised to a supranormal level by tightening an encircling scleral buckle and then the subretinal space was entered by a needle introduced externally while the retina was directly viewed with an indirect ophthalmoscope. Subretinal fluid drainage success rate, one-operation reattachment rate, final retinal reattachment rate, intraoperative and postoperative complication rates, and final visual acuity were the main outcome measures. RESULTS: Subretinal fluid was successfully drained in all eyes. The one-operation reattachment rate was 91%, and the final reattachment rate was 98%. Intraoperatively, 15% of eyes required corneal debridement to obtain an adequate view for safe subretinal fluid drainage. Subretinal hemorrhage of no more than one clock hour occurred in 4.2% of eyes. A total of 2.6% of eyes developed an epiretinal membrane postoperatively that required a vitrectomy to improve the visual acuity. The postoperative visual acuity, 0.54 by logMAR (20/69 by Snellen), was significantly better than the preoperative visual acuity, 1.1 logMAR (20/250 by Snellen) (P < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: The modified external needle drainage technique is a flexible, effective method to drain subretinal fluid in eyes with a rhegmatogenous retinal detachment. The retinal reattachment rate and complication rate compare favorably to alternative subretinal fluid drainage techniques.

Body Fluids↗

PubMed1999

Evidence-based medicine regarding the prevention of retinal detachment.

PURPOSE: To assess the quality of information in the literature regarding the prevention of retinal detachment in an effort to establish appropriate practice guidelines. METHODS: A panel of vitreoretinal experts performed a literature review of all publications in the English language for articles about prevention of retinal detachment. These article were then used to prepare recommendations for patient care in an American Academy of Ophthalmology "Preferred Practice Pattern" (PPP). Each recommendation was rated according to its importance in the care process and the strength of evidence supporting the given recommendation. RESULTS: Most recommendations were given a rating of "A" (most important to patient care). Only a single publication was graded as Level I (providing strong evidence in support of a recommendation), and this was not a prospective trial. Of the few publications rated as Level II (substantial evidence), most were studies documenting a lack of treatment benefit. Because of an absence of Level I and Level II studies in the literature, Level III (consensus of expert opinion) was the basis for most recommendations in the PPP. CONCLUSION: The current literature regarding prevention of retinal detachment does not provide sufficient information to strongly support prophylactic treatment of lesions other than symptomatic flap tears. Prospective randomized trials of prophylactic therapy are indicated. Eyes highly predisposed to retinal detachment should be considered for such studies.

Clinical Trials as Topic↗

PubMed1997

Multicenter trial of transscleral diode laser retinopexy in retinal detachment surgery.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of transscleral diode laser for retinopexy in rhegmatogenous retinal detachment surgery in a multicenter trial. DESIGN: 67 patients with primary rhegmatogenous retinal detachment underwent scleral buckling surgery, using transscleral diode laser for retinopexy, at five study centers. STUDY PARTICIPANTS: 72 patients with primary rhegmatogenous retinal detachments were enrolled. No patient with chronic detachment, a retinal break greater than 90 degrees, history of uveitis or infectious retinopathy, or proliferative vitreoretinopathy was enrolled. Five eyes were excluded because they required additional nonprotocol treatment at the time of surgery (vitrectomy or supplementary cryotherapy due to probe malfunction). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Retinal reattachment at six months after one operation. Secondary measures: visual acuity and complications, including choroidal, retinal, and vitreous hemorrhage, inflammation, and scleral damage. RESULTS: Six months or greater follow-up information was available on 65 eyes. Retinas were attached at 6 months with a single operation in 58 (89%) of these eyes. Complications included apparent pinpoint breaks in Bruch is membrane in 15 eyes, scleral thermal effect in 14 eyes, and limited hemorrhage, which was intraretinal in 10 eyes, and extended into the vitreous in 3 eyes. In one case, hemorrhage was judged to have contributed possibly to initial surgical failure. The other complications had no known adverse effects. Complications were significantly associated with the physicians experience with transscleral laser retinopexy. CONCLUSION: In this multicenter series, transscleral diode laser retinopexy served as a safe and effective means of creating chorioretinal adhesion during retinal reattachment surgery. Minor complications were minimized by increasing experience with the technique.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1995

Pattern of retinal breaks and retinal detachments in eyes with choroidal coloboma.

PURPOSE: To describe the type of breaks that occur in the diaphanous tissue within the coloboma of the choroid and the types of retinal detachment that are associated with these breaks. METHODS: This is a retrospective study of 36 eyes of 36 patients with retinal detachments that extended into the choroidal coloboma. Preoperative findings were documented using detailed fundus drawings and color photographs. Intraoperative identification of retinal breaks was possible using high magnification of the operating microscope. RESULTS: Based on the identifiable breaks inside the coloboma and the extent of retinal detachment, these patients were divided into five subgroups. Three distinct types of breaks were identified within the coloboma: (1) breaks at the edge of the detachment inside the coloboma; (2) oval atrophic breaks; and (3) breaks in anatomic macula that was involved in the coloboma. Multiple breaks were common. CONCLUSIONS: Retinal detachments that extend into the colobomatous area always are associated with breaks in the diaphanous tissue. Intraoperative identification of these breaks is relatively easy. Commonly, the breaks are seen at the edge of the retinal detachment inside the coloboma or as oval breaks within the detached diaphanous tissue. Macula, if involved in the coloboma, occasionally can harbor a retinal break.

Adolescent↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Multifocal ERG in retinal detachment surgery.

PURPOSE: The main purpose of this study is to evaluate the visual function of eyes operated on for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment. METHODS: Fifteen patients were studied suffering from peripheral retinal detachment treated with the Lincoff-Custodis method. Visual field was tested with the Humphrey Field Analyzer and the analyzer program 30-2, which scanned a 0-30 degrees field. The multifocal ERG was recorded with the VERIS III (Visual Evoked Imaging System, Tomey, Nagoya, Japan). RESULTS: There was great loss of retinal response densities in the area of retinal detachment (1.3 +/- 0.7 nV/deg2). However, a decrease in retinal response densities was also recorded in the reattached retina (6.90 +/- 0.7 nV/deg2). CONCLUSIONS: MFERG is an objective tool for monitoring the functional abnormalities affecting the vision of eyes operated for retinal detachment.

Adult↗

PubMed2004

Bilateral rhegmatogenous retinal detachment after external-beam radiotherapy: just a coincidence?

PURPOSE: To report an unusual case of almost simultaneous bilateral rhegmatogenous retinal detachment in the context of external-beam radiotherapy for a tumor at a non-ocular target site and in the absence of pre-existing ocular pathology. METHODS: Observational case report with review of corresponding literature. RESULTS: A 63-year-old man was referred for bilateral retinal detachment which was associated with many horseshoe tears and proliferative vitreoretinopathy. He had undergone surgery for a carcinoma of the left maxillary sinus 4 months prior to the presentation and had then received external-beam radiotherapy for 3 months. There was no familial history of retinal detachment and/or eye trauma in this hyperopic patient with clear native lenses. No chorioretinal pathology was apparent that could have predisposed the retinas to tearing. CONCLUSIONS: Simultaneous bilateral retinal detachment is exceptional, especially in a patient with no risk factors. The effect of radiotherapy on the vitreoretinal interface is discussed in the light of existing data and may have been responsible for our patient's retinal detachment.

Functional Laterality↗

PubMed2001

[Evaluation of treatment for retinal detachment in juveniles].

OBJECTIVE: To assess the effectiveness of different surgeries for retinal detachment in juveniles. METHODS: A retrospective analysis of the clinical therapeutic effects of various surgical treatments on 108 cases (116 eyes) in the age range of 3 - 14 years (mean, 9.6 years) was performed. RESULTS: Twenty-one eyes underwent scleral buckling procedure, and the retina was reattached in 19 eyes primarily. Fourteen eyes obtained post-operative visual acuity >or= 0.02. Ninety-seven eyes underwent vitrectomy, 58 (59.8%) eyes achieved retinal reattachment primarily and 83 eyes (85.6%) achieved retinal reattachment finally. Among them, retinal reattachment occurred in 7 of 11 gas-filled eyes, and the post-operative visual acuity >or= 0.02 in 5 eyes; and the reattachment occurred in 51 (57.3%) of 89 silicone oil-filled eyes, requiring only the primary repair. Of the silicone oil-filled eyes, 76 (85.4%) eyes achieved retinal reattachment finally. Fifty-nine (66.3%) silicone oil-treated eyes had visual acuity >or= 0.02 compared with 45.5% in long-acting-gas-treated eyes. CONCLUSIONS: Scleral buckling is a beneficial method in treatment of retinal detachment in juveniles. Vitrectomy should be considered for complicated retinal detachment. There is an advantage favoring silicone oil tamponade in achieving retinal reattachment. Retinotomy is a useful procedure for the retinal reattachment in eyes with severe proliferative vitreoretinopathy, however, it is necessary to be careful in selection of cases to undergo such a procedure.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1999

Motility and binocularity outcomes in vitrectomy versus scleral buckling in retinal detachment surgery.

BACKGROUND: Ocular motility defects and loss of binocularity are well-recognised problems following retinal detachment surgery. It is presumed that scleral buckling is primarily responsible for these effects. The increasing use of vitrectomy in the management of retinal detachment might be expected to reduce the incidence of these defects. METHOD: Two groups of patients presenting with primary uncomplicated rhegmatogenous retinal detachments were examined following a single surgical repair. The first group underwent vitrectomy (n = 17), the second group, scleral buckling/external surgical techniques (n = 23). RESULTS: Heterotropia was present in 24% (n = 4) of the vitrectomy group and 30% (n = 7) of the "external" group, with suppression reported clinically in 8 of these and diplopia by the other 3. While ocular movements were frequently full (vitrectomy 59%, external 61%), restricted vertical movements were observed in 35% of the vitrectomy group and 26% of the external group, with horizontal and general restrictions being rare (6% and 13% respectively). True motor fusion was more common for the external group (44%) than the vitrectomies (24%), while superimposition was more frequent in the vitrectomies (64%; external 39%). The latter was achieved only with correcting prisms in 18% of vitrectomies and 9% of the external group. The remainder did not demonstrate any potential for binocularity. Visual symptoms were more frequent among the vitrectomy group, with aniseikonia and torsion significantly more common. CONCLUSIONS: The findings confirm that ocular motility problems are not exclusive to scleral buckling, with the incidence being similar in both groups. Slinging of the extraocular muscles and the accompanying dissection, resulting in the 'fat adherence syndrome', must be considered as contributory factors. The visual deficits which inevitably occur as the result of retinal detachment seem to play a more major role in the disruption of binocularity in these cases.

Adolescent↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Multicenter retrospective study of retinal detachment associated with atopic dermatitis.

PURPOSE: Epidemiological and clinical study of retinal detachment associated with atopic dermatitis. METHODS: A multicenter retrospective study. RESULTS: We analyzed the records of 417 eyes of 348 patients operated on during 5 years from 1989 to 1993 and followed up for more than 6 months by vitreo-retinal specialists in 33 hospitals throughout Japan. The number of eyes operated on increased yearly from 42 in 1989 to 132 in 1993. These cases associated with atopic dermatitis were 2.3% of the average number of eyes operated on for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment during the same period, but when restricted to the Kanto area or further to Tokyo only, the percentage was as high as 3.8% and 4.7%, respectively. CONCLUSION: Clinical characteristics of retinal detachment previously reported, such as traumatic slapping or rubbing of the lids by patients as the most likely pathogenetic factor, and high incidence of cataract and proliferative vitreoretinopathy, were confirmed. The primary surgical procedure was scleral buckling in 78% of the cases and vitreous surgery in 22%, and initial and final reattachment rates were 75.3% and 92.6%, respectively.

Adolescent↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Retinal detachment after cataract surgery.

BACKGROUND: A study of the characteristics and the results obtained in 99 consecutive eyes operated on for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment associated with aphakia or pseudophakia in order to find the predictive factors of poor anatomical and functional results. METHODS: The authors retrospectively reviewed the files of 99 consecutive cases of aphakic and pseudophakic retinal detachment operated on by the same surgeon between January 1992 through July 1993 with a minimum follow-up of 6 months. Multivariate and chi square analysis were carried out. RESULTS: Of the pseudophakic eyes, 25 had an anterior chamber lens and 48 had a posterior chamber lens. The posterior capsule was disrupted using a Yag laser in 58% of those with an posterior chamber lens but only 14% of them developed detachment within 6 months. The rate of vitreous loss was 27% with 5% in case of intracapsular extraction, 31% in case of extracapsular extraction and 54% in case of phacoemulsification. PVR was present in 30% of the patients and 51% of detachments occurred more than 24 months as a mean after cataract surgery. The overall anatomic reattachment rate was 88% with no significant difference between the aphakic and the pseudophakic patients, either with an anterior chamber of posterior chamber lens. Visual results were significantly worse in the anterior chamber lens group and in the aphakic eyes (P < 0.02). Negative prognostic indicators for reattachment included poor preoperative vision, extension of the retinal detachment to the macula (P < 0.05) and grades B, C or D proliferative vitreoretinopathy (P < 0.01). In addition to the above factors, eyes with vitreous loss, anterior chamber lens, aphakia and a larger extent of the retinal detachment had a poor visual outcome. CONCLUSION: Most aphakic or pseudophakic retinal detachment can now be reattached with either scleral or vitreo retinal surgery. The main difficulties are the localisation of the breaks and the treatment of PVR. Indirect ophthalmoscopy associated with vitrectomy does well in cases of an opacified posterior capsule. In cases of severe PVR long term internal tamponade either with C3F8 or silicone oil improves anatomical results but the functional results remain inferior.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1991

Pseudophakic retinal detachment.

A total of 93 cases of pseudophakic retinal detachment are reported. The present study showed that vitreous loss had occurred during cataract surgery in 28% of eyes, indicating that anterior segment complications are an important contributory factor to aphakic retinal detachment in these cases. There was impairment of the retinal view in 46% of eyes, and in 22.5% no retinal breaks could be identified. The main factor responsible for poor visibility was inadequate pupillary dilatation, which was found particularly in association with the use of iris-supported lenses. Detachment of the macula was unexpectedly found to occur in as many as 88% of cases. Reattachment of the retina either by conventional detachment procedures or by pars plana vitrectomy was achieved in 76.3% of eyes. Complications directly attributable to the presence of an intraocular lens (such as dislocation or haemorrhage) are described. Failure of surgery was more likely to occur in eyes exhibiting a poor fundal view, in which the detection of retinal breaks was difficult. The best results were achieved in eyes in which posterior-chamber lenses had been implanted.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Serous retinal detachment in patients under systemic corticosteroid treatment.

PURPOSE: To understand the pathophysiology of central serous chorioretinopathy or bullous retinal detachment in patients under systemic corticosteroid treatment. Little is understood about the mechanism of the development of serous retinal detachment. METHODS: Three patients who had developed central serous chorioretinopathy or bullous retinal detachment during systemic corticosteroid administration were examined by fluorescein angiography and indocyanine green angiography. RESULTS: Indocyanine green angiography revealed dilated choroidal veins, delayed choroidal filling, intrachoroidal hyperfluorescence, and patchy hypofluorescence at or near the sites of dye leakage examined by fluorescein angiography. CONCLUSIONS: The primary change caused by central serous chorioretinopathy is thought to occur in the choroid, followed by the breakdown of the outer blood-retinal barrier in the pigment epithelium, resulting in the development of serous retinal detachment.

Adult↗