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PubMed1992

Investigation of the causes facilitating formation of microflora in atomic reactor pool water.

In the course of investigations realized by us earlier it was found that there was no difference between radioresistance of microbes taken from various water sources. As a matter of fact quality of the microflora clearly reflects a unique phenomenon called selection which causes disappearance of all radiosensitive and survival of radioresistant types of microbes. There is indeed an increased number of radioresistant types of microbes with intensified activity of catalase and nuclease in pool water of atomic reactors.

Catalase↗
PubMed1992

Cloning and expression of midecamycin 4"-acylase gene in spiramycin producing strains.

A recombinant plasmid p66B containing the midecamycin 4"-acylase gene was obtained by cloning this gene into plasmid vetor pIJ680 from the primary clone pCN6C5, presumably harboring the midecamycin biosynthetic gene. The expression of the midecamycin 4"-acylase gene (p66B) in spiramycin producing strains resulted mainly in the production of 4"-isovalerylspiramycin. Another positive clone pCN10F5 was discovered from the genomic library of S. mycarofacians 1748 by probing with p66B DNA BamHI-BamHI 2.3kb fragment. A BamHI-BamHI 8.0kb homologous region on pCN10F5 was determined by Southern hybridization and was subcloned into plasmids pWHM3 and pIJ680. Recombinant plasmids pWF5 and p6F5 with molecular size about 15.2kb and 13.3kb, respectively, were obtained. Transformation of spiramycin producing strains with these plasmids resulted in the production of two major components. Based on their physicochemical properties and spectral evidences, component I was identified as 4"-propionylspiramycin III, and component II as 4"-propionylspiramycin II. Southern hybridization confirmed that the BamHI-BamHI 8.0kb fragment was cloned in the spiramycin producing strain. Only pCN10F5 clone was identified from the genomic library of S. mycarofaciens 1748 when the 4"-isovaleryltransferase gene of carbomycin producing strain S. thermotolerans was used as a probe in colony hybridization. It suggests that there is a difference between the 4"-acyltransferase genes in the pCN6C5 and pCN10F5 clones.

Acyltransferases↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Alteration of E-cadherin expression in gastric mucosa: role of intestinal metaplasia and Helicobacter pylori infection.

BACKGROUND: Although E-cadherins have been involved in gastric carcinogenesis, their role in precancerous lesions, such as intestinal metaplasia, is still unclear. This study aimed to assess the role of both intestinal metaplasia and H. pylori infection on E-cadherin expression in gastric mucosa. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Twenty-one consecutive patients with intestinal metaplasia were enrolled to assess E-cadherin expression in metaplastic areas. Twenty further patients without intestinal metaplasia, with and without H. pylori, were enrolled to evaluate the role of the infection on E-cadherin expression. All patients underwent upper endoscopy and gastric biopsies were taken for histological and immunohistochemical assessment. RESULTS: A substantial reduction of E-cadherin expression in metaplastic areas was observed in 14 (67%) of the 21 patients, similarly in H. pylori-infected and uninfected patients (64% vs 71%, p=0.3). In the group without intestinal metaplasia, no reduction in E-cadherin expression was detected either in infected patients or in those without H. pylori infection. CONCLUSION: The data showed that intestinal metaplasia is associated with E-cadherin down-regulation, whereas H. pylori infection does not seem to play a direct role in this process.

Cadherins↗
PubMed2005

Endovascular treatment of a symptomatic aneurysm of the left subclavian artery.

Upper extremity ischemia is a rare entity usually due to emboli of arterial origin. Such thromboemboli produce acute symptoms of sufficient severity as to necessitate early surgical intervention. We report the case of a patient with severe ischemia in his left hand, in whom the embolic source was a mural thrombus localized at the level of a saccular aneurysm of the subclavian artery. After having excluded the presence of a thoracic outlet syndrome, the lesion was successfully treated by means of percutaneous implantation of a stent graft with the exclusion of the aneurysm and the sealing of the thrombus.

Aged↗
PubMed2005

Compression repair versus low-dose thrombin injection for the treatment of iatrogenic femoral pseudoaneurysm: a retrospective case-control study.

BACKGROUND: It has been shown that thrombin injection is a safe and effective technique for the treatment of iatrogenic femoral pseudoaneurysm. The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the use of ultrasound-guided low-dose thrombin injections with ultrasonographically-guided compression repair in the treatment of iatrogenic femoral arterial pseudoaneurysm. METHODS: We compared two cohorts of patients treated for iatrogenic femoral pseudoaneurysm: the first included 38 patients who underwent ultrasonographically-guided compression repair as a first-step approach between January 1998 and November 2002; the second included 21 patients treated with ultrasound-guided low-dose thrombin injection between December 2002 and December 2003. RESULTS: Both groups had similar demographic characteristics and aneurysm sizes (p = 0.72). Compression was successful in 24/38 patients (63%); the 14 persistent aneurysms were surgically repaired (37%). The primary thrombin injection of a mean dose of 185+/-95 U/ml (range 100-400 U/ml) successfully obliterated all of the 21 pseudoaneurysms (success rate 100 vs 63% in the compression group, p = 0.004). Thrombosis occurred within an average of 12+/-15 s of thrombin injection. Sedation was used in 42% of the patients undergoing compression and in none of those receiving thrombin (p = 0.001). The duration of hospitalization was significantly longer in patients undergoing compression therapy (9.8+/-5.6 vs 5.6+/-1.4 days, p = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Ultrasound-guided low-dose thrombin injection appears to be more effective in reducing the need for surgical repair when used to treat iatrogenic femoral pseudoaneurysm, is better tolerated by the patients, and requires a shorter hospital stay.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Gastric mucosa alterations in first-degree relatives of gastric cancer patients.

BACKGROUND: First-degree relatives of gastric cancer patients have an increased risk of developing such neoplasia, and several alterations in gastric mucosa of these subjects have been described. On the other hand, both gastric cell hyperproliferation and abnormalities of adhesion molecules have been involved in gastric carcinogenesis. We studied gastric mucosa alterations in first-degree relatives of gastric cancer patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS: This prospective, case-controlled study enrolled 39 first-degree relatives of gastric cancer patients and 39 matched controls. Biopsy specimens obtained at endoscopy were used to assess epithelial cell proliferation plus E-cadherin and beta-catenin expression by immunohistochemical methods. H. pylori infection was assessed by histology and a rapid urease test. RESULTS: Gastric epithelial cell proliferation values were not significantly different between the patient and control groups. H. pylori infection significantly increased cell proliferation values both in patients and in controls, without a significant difference between the two groups. Moreover, cell proliferation values were significantly higher in cases harboring intestinal metaplasia than in those without it. Alterations of the adhesion molecules were described exclusively in those patients harboring intestinal metaplasia. In detail, a reduction of both E-cadherin and beta-catenin expression was observed in 8 (67%) out of 12 first-degree relatives and in 6 (67%) out of 9 controls with intestinal metaplasia (p = 0.4). These alterations were similarly distributed between H. pylori infected and uninfected cases. CONCLUSION: Our data showed that a family history of gastric cancer itself is not associated with gastric cell hyperproliferation. However, both cell hyperproliferation and alterations of adhesion molecules have been detected in those patients with intestinal metaplasia.

Cadherins↗
PubMed2005

Which distal anastomosis should be used in PTFE femoro-tibial bypass?

AIM: The PTFE prosthesis represents an alternative to the autologous saphenous vein in femoro-tibial revascularization for limb salvage in the absence of venous material in the patient. The aim of our study is to confirm the validity of PTFE revascularization and determine the best distal anastomosis in terms of patency using 3 different techniques. We carried out a retrospective analysis, evaluating patients who underwent PTFE femoro-tibial revascularization for critical ischemia. METHODS: Between January 1998 and June 2002 we performed 46 femoro-tibial revascularizations at the Vascular Surgery Division of the Poliambulanza Hospital in Brescia using a PTFE prosthesis, from a total of 192 infrainguinal revascularizations (24%). All patients presented a critical ischemia, with trophic lesions or gangrene in 76% of the cases (35/46) and who were previously treated unsuccessfully with medical therapy. Seventeen cases (36%) were a redo bypass due to previously failed revascularization. In all cases the saphenous vein was not available due to past peripheral or coronary revascularization (45%), saphenectomy (20%) or inadequate diameter (35%). The distal anastomoses were performed on the peroneal artery in 29 cases, on the anterior tibial artery in 14 cases and on the posterior tibial artery in 3 cases. The distal anastomosis was performed by interposing a segment of vein between the prosthesis and the tibial artery in 12 cases; in 22 cases the interposition was performed using a vein patch, and in the remaining 12 cases a PTFE prosthesis provided with a premanufactured expanded anastomosis (Distaflo(c)) was used. RESULTS: Average follow-up was 22.5 months (range: 3-48 months). The primary and secondary patency rate at 48 months, calculated with the Life table method, was 35% and 47%, respectively. Limb salvage in the same time period was 56%. Depending on the anastomosis performed (Distaflo(c), vein patch, distal vein) we obtained a secondary patency rate of 31%, 62%, and 44% respectively after 48 months with a significant difference between distal vein patch and the other two anastomoses (p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: The PTFE bypass on the tibial artery performed for limb salvage in the absence of a saphenous vein represents a valid alternative to other types of prostheses with a patency percentage that is acceptable in the medium term. Within our study population, anastomosis by vein patch interposition gave better results than other types of tibial anastomosis.

Aged↗
PubMed2006

[Dependence of antimicrobial effect of micelle-capsulated therapeutics on the micelle size].

With the method of dynamic light scattering it was shown that the average size of micelles in the series of formulations based on various clindamycin salts, i. e. ClindHCl+Tween-20, ClindBz+Tween-20, ClindHCl+Cremafor-EL and ClindBz+Cremafor-EL increased from 6 to 20 nm. Investigations with the agar diffusion method revealed that the bactericidic action of the micelle-capsulated therapeutics did not depend on the micelle size within 6 to 20 mn. The concentration of the micellar clindamycin or gentamicin equal to 0.05 mcg/ml was bacteriostatic with respect to Micrococcus (Sarsina) luteus.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Comparison of automated liquid chromatographic and bioassay methods for determining spiramycin concentration in bovine plasma.

The performance of a liquid chromatographic (LC) method for spiramycin measurement in bovine plasma has been compared with that of a microbiological method. Plasma samples were obtained from cattle administered spiramycin intravenously. Comparison tests used were intraclass correlation (r1), correlation (r), and Student's paired t-test. For concentrations lower than 2.5 IU/mL, microbiological values were higher than LC values. This difference in results modified pharmacokinetic interpretation and might be explained by the presence of microbiologically active metabolites.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

[Role of colonoscopy in the diagnosis of ischemic colitis as a complication of surgery of aneurysms of the abdominal aorta].

Ischaemic colitis is one of the complications following aortic reconstruction for abdominal aortic aneurysm. The diagnosis and monitoring of this complication can be helped by a left colonoscopy. Through an endoscopic valuation of 18 patients, the Authors value the incidence of colonic mucosal or mucosal and muscularis ischaemia following aortic aneurysmectomy with inferior mesenteric arterial ligation.

Aged↗
PubMed1975

Isolation and structure assignment of an antimicrobial principle from the volatile oil of Nigella sativa L. seeds.

Refrigeration of the volatile oil of Nigella sativa L. seeds eventuates in a crystalline substance. The chemical structure of the compound was drawn from its chemical behaviour, as well as from its UV, IR, PMR and mass spectral data. The compound was found to be thymohydroquinone: confirmation of the structure was established via the preparation of its corresponding diacetate ester. The compound was found to have high antimicrobial effect against gram positive microorganisms

Bacillus subtilis↗
PubMed1989

[Efficient hygiene precautions in the household today].

The results of epidemiological investigations justifies the assumption that increasing health defects, especially enteritis infectiosa, are caused inter alia by inadequate hygienic conditions in households. The number of such diseases ranges between 100,000 and more than 1,000,000 cases per year in the FRG. Responsible for this development is a lack of information about the behaviour of microorganisms in the environment and its pathways of distribution. In addition risks are growing with the recommendation of cleansing methods, which had been adequate for the kitchen techniques in former centuries, but must fall under the conditions of the modern supply, processing and conservation. The described investigations are directed at the determination of the distribution of germs by working in normal household kitchens and at the effectiveness of surface-decontamination-cleansers (so-called FD-preparations). Test principle was the production of a complete dinner by each of 79 housewives with use of minced meat, which was contaminated with micrococcus luteus. After final cleaning of the kitchen we determined the degree of contamination of surfaces, machines and of the components of the meal with use of rodacplates, swabs and quantitative cultures respectively. The experiments are completed by interviews with the housewives. The results let conclude that the use of household cleansers with germicidal properties even in the hand of housewives will reduce the distribution of unwanted microorganisms in the kitchens. In this respect surfaces, on which components of the meal are prepared, and the machines, like cutting machines, waring blenders a.o., are of utmost importance. Disinfections of other parts of the flats including toilets are unnecessary (exception: severe infectious diseases). Therefore the use of FD-preparations outside of the kitchens is not required, but acceptable (it is not necessary to use a cleanser in the kitchen, another one in the toilet and a third one for the bath tube etc.). We do not recommend adapting cleaning and disinfective methods of the hospitals to the normal households. Instead of medical disinfections one should use detergents with nontoxic germicidal additives (e.g. H2O2) in this area, which do not require changing the traditional cleaning techniques. They also should guarantee that cleanliness, absence of odor and minimization of germs are achieved. In addition normal kitchen soaps should be replaced by HD-preparations.

Communicable Disease Control↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Relationship between adsorption of microorganisms and the stage of their development].

Bond strength during adsorption of microorganisms depends on their growth stages, as was found by light optical and scanning electron microscopy. The strenth of adsorption often decreases as a culture growth on the surface of an adsorbent. Adsorption of microorganisms is an important ecological process. Under favourable conditions, microorganisms grow at a high rate when they are firmly bound to a solid surface. After abundant growth which deteriorates their microenvironment, microorganisms desorb and are dispersed. Such is a distribution of microorganisms growing on solid surfaces.

Adsorption↗