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At least 793 records · Page 44Linked to original sources
PubMed1998

Evaluation of disk capture with a splint repositioning appliance: clinical and critical assessment with MR imaging.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate disk repositioning clinically and through use of magnetic resonance imaging after the insertion of a disk repositioning appliance. STUDY DESIGN: Seventy-four patients with 82 temporomandibular joints showing middle to late opening movement click and closing movement click near maximum intercuspation were treated with a mandibular full-coverage repositioning splint. These joints were assessed clinically and by means of magnetic resonance imaging for disk recapture. RESULTS: According to clinical assessment, 75.6% (62/82) of the joints were treated successfully; no click was observed from the splinted mandibular position. When compared with the results of magnetic resonance imaging assessment, clinical assessment showed an accuracy rate of 91.5%, although the incidence of the false negatives was high (40%). CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study showed that about 70% of reducing displaced disks were captured with use of the disk repositioning appliance. And it was also suggested that magnetic resonance imaging is helpful to evaluate disk repositioning therapy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Intranasal adhesions which recur despite splinting: an ominous sign?

Intranasal adhesions are a common complication following nasal surgery. They may be prevented by the use of silastic splints, which are also a very effective treatment for established lesions. We report a patient where intranasal adhesions rapidly recurred despite the use of splints, who was found to be suffering from Wegener's granulomatosis.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

Autotransplantation of immature third molars: influence of different splinting methods and fixation periods.

Different data were published documenting the influence of fixation methods and periods on the outcome of autotransplantations of teeth. Besides studies reporting increased ankylosis and disturbances of pulpal revascularization following rigid or extended fixation, there are studies revealing no connection in this matter. The clinical and radiological results of 76 transplanted germs of third molars were to be assessed after a rigid fixation for 4 weeks or after a suture splinting for 7 days and compared with each other. The choice of fixation method depended on the initial stability of the transplant. After a mean observation period of 3.4 years (range 1.0-6.1 years), 92.9% of the teeth stabilized with a suture, but only 73.5% fixed with an acid-etch composite and wire splint could be classified as successful (P = 0.029). The significant increases in ankylosis (P = 0.036) and pulp necrosis (P = 0.041) were the factors for the less favorable results of the rigidly fixed teeth. Our data support the results of other experimental and clinical studies with regard to the negative influences of an extended and rigid fixation on the success of tooth transplantation. However, apart from a correlation with the method and period of fixation, we also suspect the influence of an incongruity between the transplant and recipient site.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2006

Fitting acrylic occlusal splints and an experimental laminated appliance used in migraine prevention therapy.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate clinical procedures and chair time required to seat and adjust hard, heat-cured acrylic occlusal splints and an alternative laminated appliance developed to simplify construction of migraine prevention appliances. DESIGN AND SETTING: Single-centre study in the Oral Medicine Clinic, The Royal Hospitals, Belfast, Northern Ireland. METHOD: Questionnaires were distributed, January-May 2003, to operators fitting occlusal splints for 100 consecutive patients selected for migraine prevention therapy. Half the appliances were made in heat-polymerised acrylic with the remainder using a novel combination of ethylene vinyl acetate and light-curing urethane dimethacrylate. Information on operator experience, the nature of any fitting surface and occlusal adjustments together with an estimate of the time taken to make alterations was recorded. KEY FINDINGS: The need for adjustment to seat appliances intraorally was significantly less for migraine prevention appliances made using an experimental laminating technique. Where modifications were necessary, there was no significant difference in the chair time required to fit either the heat-cured hard or experimental laminated migraine prevention appliance. CONCLUSION: Provision of migraine prevention appliances may be more time efficient if the dental practitioner considers a laminated approach to construction.

Acrylic Resins↗
PubMed2001

A study of factors for successful splint capture of anteriorly displaced temporomandibular joint disc with disc repositioning appliance.

The purpose of this study was to analyse the factors which influenced the success of disc recapture by the insertion of a disc repositioning appliance. Fifty-one joints with joint clicking that occurred at both middle to late opening and late closing (near maximum cuspation) of the mandible were splinted with a mandibular full-coverage repositioning appliance. The clinical and MR findings were compared between the joints with successful and unsuccessful splint disc capture. Thirty-two clicking joints with reducibly displaced discs (DDWR) had successful disc recapture, while six of 19 joints with displaced disc without reduction (DDWOR). Unsuccessful joints with DDWOR had significantly higher prevalence of deformed disc and joint effusion, higher VAS quantitative pain score, and severe disc displacement especially in medial part of the joint (P < 0.05). From the results of this study joints with DDWR can be expected to have successful disc recapture with the insertion of the appliance. In joints with DDWOR, presence of inflammatory conditions, changed disc morphology and extensive disc displacement in medial part of the joint are negative factors.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2002

Effect of occlusal splint and transcutaneous electric nerve stimulation on the signs and symptoms of temporomandibular disorders in patients with bruxism.

A crossed-design experimental study has been made involving simple blind paired data and random assignment to treatment, with the aim of evaluating the action of an occlusal splint with transcutaneous electric nerve stimulation (TENS) upon the manifestations of temporomandibular disorders (TMD) in patients with bruxism. The prevalence of TMD in the 24 patients with bruxism was 62.5%%; the corresponding severity, as determined by the pantographic reproducibility index (PRI), was mild (mean value: 20.71). Clicking and pain in the lateral pterygoid muscle were the most frequent clinical manifestations. The occlusal splint and TENS did not significantly improve the signs and symptoms of TMD in these patients with bruxism.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Short-term effects of dynamic lycra splints on upper limb in hemiplegic patients.

OBJECTIVE: To assess acceptability, effects on swelling, resting posture, spasticity, and active (AROM) and passive range of motion (PROM) of individually tailored upper limb Lycra garments, designed as dynamic splints to exert directional pull on certain limb segments, when worn for 3 hours by hemiplegic patients. DESIGN: Crossover trial. SETTING: Outpatient and inpatient rehabilitation center. PATIENTS: Convenience sample of 16 patients with hemiparesis and upper limb spasticity caused by a stroke more than 3 weeks before the study. INTERVENTIONS: Assessments performed at the start and end of a 3-hour period during a standard rehabilitation day when the patients were and were not wearing the garment. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: (1) Comfort assessed by questionnaire; (2) circumference of each limb segment; (3) resting posture at elbow and wrist; (4) spasticity at shoulder, elbow, and wrist using the Tardieu scale; and (5) AROM and PROM at shoulder, elbow, and wrist measured using a goniometer; (6) elbow proprioception using McCloskey's method; (7) visual neglect syndrome using the line bisection test. Differences between changes occurring with and without the garment were compared using Wilcoxon's signed rank test for ordinal variables (spasticity grading) and Student's t test for continuous variables (all other data). RESULTS: During 3 hours, garments worn on the arm by patients with hemiplegia (1) were comfortable, (2) improved wrist posture and reduced wrist and finger flexor spasticity, (3) reduced swelling in patients with swollen limbs (digit circumference decreased by 4%; p<.01), (4) improved PROM at shoulder (mean increase in range, 4.1 degrees +/- 13.0 degrees per shoulder movement; p<.01); and (5) impaired ability to flex fingers (range of voluntary flexion of digit III reduced from 107.3 degrees +/-79.6 degrees to 91.4 degrees +/-74.1 degrees; p<.05). CONCLUSION: Lycra garments, designed to produce continuous stretch of spastic muscles when worn for several hours each day, have rapid splinting and antispastic effects on wrist and fingers in patients with hemiplegia. These garments may help severely affected patients with major spasticity or painful swollen limbs.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Outcomes, treatment effectiveness, efficacy, and evidence-based practice: examples from the world of splinting.

Calls for outcome studies and evidence-based practice leave many therapists bewildered as to the meaning of various types of terminology. The objectives of this paper are to 1) review the structure of outcome reports and research; 2) describe the background and discuss the terms "treatment efficacy, "effectiveness," and "evidence-based practice"; 3) discuss these concepts as they apply to selected studies found in the literature that report the use of splints for patients with ailments that affect the use of their hands; and 4) provide some reflections that place these terms in the context of scientific inquiry and clinical practice. It is concluded that health care is being reviewed on an increasingly more systematic and grand scale. While studies that include large numbers of subjects are needed to substantiate the effectiveness of splinting, studies involving smaller numbers of subjects can contribute greatly as well, so long as they are performed with the highest level of study design and use standardized outcome measures that are valid for answering the designated research questions.

Evidence-Based Medicine↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Plaster of Paris: the forgotten hand splinting material.

This article examines the concept of tissue adaptation in response to the application of plaster of Paris splints and casts. A review of the history of plaster of Paris and its composition, its working properties, and precautions for its use introduces the reader to this oft-forgotten material. Four designs are described for plaster of Paris application-circumferential padded casts, digital unpadded casts, plaster slabs, and contour molds. The discussion of clinical application of plaster of Paris covers joint tightness, arthritis, contracted joints due to spasticity, muscle-tendon tightness, skin tightness, skin and joint tightness, and edema reduction. In addition, a new application called casting motion to mobilize stiffness (CMMS), developed by the author, is discussed. The use of plaster of Paris to improve postoperative flexor tendon glide is also discussed. This review article intends to stimulate the reader to use plaster of Paris splinting or casting more frequently to solve clinical problems.

Calcium Sulfate↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Results of treatment of Perthes' disease by intertrochanteric adduction osteotomy with and without postoperative splint relief (author's transl)].

Opinions differ on the desirability of postoperative relief following intertrochanteric adduction osteotomy in Legg-Calvé-Perthes' disease. We therefore undertook an analysis of our patients who were given postoperative relief with a Thomas splint up to 1974. Subsequently, patients were allowed to load the joint normally after the osteotomy had knitted. Comparison of the results in the two groups of patients indeed makes it questionable whether postoperative relief with Thomas splints is desirable. If adduction is performed in Stage I of Perthes' disease, relief appears neither beneficial nor detrimental. However, in Stage II there appears to be a detrimental tendency.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

An adult case of TMJ osteoarthrosis treated with splint therapy and the subsequent orthodontic occlusal reconstruction: adaptive change of the condyle during the treatment.

This article reports treatment for a 21-year 11-month old female patient with severe osteoarthrosis of the TMJ with a special reference to adaptive changes of the condyle during the treatment. She had severe open bite with a Class II molar relationship; she had limited mouth opening, TMJ sounds, pain, and tinnitus. Lateral tomograms showed flattening and deep erosion on the left condyle, and an MRI revealed anterior disk displacement without reduction. By manipulation and splint therapy, TMJ pain and tinnitus were eliminated, then orthodontic treatment was initiated, maintaining the splint-induced position of the condyles. After 2 years of orthodontic treatment with a multibracket appliance, an acceptable occlusion was achieved with a Class I molar relationship. On lateral tomograms after treatment, bony deformation of the left condyle disappeared and adaptive remodeling was recognized with a uniform joint space in the left TMJ. However, repositioning of the disk was not achieved. Adaptive changes or functional remodeling experienced in this patient may be due to stable occlusion, uniform joint space, and the consequent biomechanical equilibrium in the TMJ.

Adaptation, Physiological↗
PubMed2000

Prefabricated acrylic resin bars for splinting implant transfer copings.

Splinting of implant transfer copings with acrylic resin during impression procedures is performed to accurately transfer the spatial relationships of implants to the master cast. However, distortion may occur during the splinting procedure because of resin polymerization shrinkage. This article describes a simple technique for minimizing this effect by fabrication of resin bars.

Acrylic Resins↗
PubMed2003

Adjunctive commissure splint therapy: a revised approach.

The management of trauma to the commissures has been an ongoing challenge for the medical and dental professions. Multiple surgical and prosthetic approaches have been used. Commissure splint therapy is often effective in association with surgery in reducing the effects of scar contraction that ultimately results in microstomia and reduced quality of life. This article describes methods of fabrication of the commissure splint appliance, the rationale for its modification, advantages, and disadvantages.

Acrylic Resins↗
PubMed1989

Splinting tips.

Both plaster of Paris and fiberglass can be used for temporary or definitive treatment of acute extremity fractures, sprains, and strains. Longitudinal slab splints are appropriate for immobilizing inflamed tendons or joints of the wrist, elbow, and knee. "Sugar-tong" splints work well for humerus, forearm, and ankle fractures or sprains.

Arm Injuries↗
PubMed1999

Nasal splinting effects on breathing patterns and cardiorespiratory responses.

The aim of this study was to compare the effects of nasal splinting during different modes of breathing on breathing patterns and cardiorespiratory responses. Ten healthy subjects (4 males, 6 females) performed five maximal treadmill tests while breathing through the nose, nose + dilator, mouth, nose + mouth, and nose + mouth + dilator. Repeated-measures analysis of variance and Tukey HSD revealed no significant differences between trials for maximal oxygen consumption, minute ventilation at an oxygen consumption of 30 ml.kg-1.min-1, carbon dioxide production, respiratory exchange ratio, tidal volume, dead space to tidal volume ratio, or completed treadmill stages to exhaustion. No significant difference was found in subjective dyspnoea ratings between stages of nose versus nose + dilator breathing. Minute ventilation, ventilatory equivalent for oxygen, and breath frequency for nose and nose + dilator versus mouth, nose + mouth, and nose + mouth + dilator were significantly lower. Ventilatory equivalent for carbon dioxide was significantly lower for nose versus mouth, and nose + dilator versus nose + mouth + dilator breathing. End-tidal carbon dioxide was significantly higher in nose versus mouth, nose + mouth, and nose + mouth + dilator breathing, and in nose + dilator versus mouth breathing. Nose breathing revealed a significantly lower heart rate versus nose + dilator, mouth, nose + mouth, and nose + mouth + dilator breathing. These results suggest that nasal splinting during exercise has minimal effects when nasal breathing and no effects when oronasal breathing.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Effectiveness of the Michigan splint in reducing functional cervical disturbances: a preliminary study.

There is controversial evidence for a functional link between the masticatory apparatus and the cervical spine. The aim of this work was to perform a preliminary study to evaluate the effectiveness of the Michigan splint for the treatment of functional cervical disturbances. Forty patients with functional cervical disturbances were randomly organized into test and control groups. The patients in each group were examined by a physiologist to ascertain the extent of functional changes. The test group underwent splint therapy (Michigan type) during a two-month period. The other patients were sent home and did not receive active treatment. After two months, all patients were reassessed physiologically. Cervical pain and pain induced by epispinal or paraspinal pressure were reduced to a statistically significant extent in the treated group, compared with those in the control group.

Adolescent↗