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At least 793 records · Page 44Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Medical versus surgical management of temporomandibular joint pain and dysfunction.

Most patients with temporomandibular joint pain and dysfunction have a history of stress and pains elsewhere in the body. These patients become symptom free in response to reassurance and a course of tricyclic antidepressant drug therapy when used as a muscle relaxant and central analgesic. Some however, will benefit from psychiatric help. A smaller proportion have secondary joint disturbances requiring surgery.

Humans↗
PubMed1990

The role of a temporalis fascia and muscle flap in temporomandibular joint surgery.

Temporalis fascia, with a varying thickness of temporalis muscle, may be harvested as an axial flap based on the middle and deep temporal arteries and veins. The dependable blood supply, the proximity to the temporomandibular joint, and the ability to alter the arc of rotation by basing the flap inferiorly or posteriorly make this a versatile flap for lining the temporomandibular joint. In this report, the anatomy is reviewed, the harvesting technique is described, and multiple uses of the temporalis muscle-fascia flap in temporomandibular joint surgery are described.

Cartilage, Articular↗
PubMed1992

[Mechanical response of temporomandibular joint induced by occlusal change].

The purpose of this research was to investigate the mechanical effects on the temporomandibular joint influenced by the occlusal variations: the inclination of the upper incisor and the change of occlusal contacted position on the lower occlusal surface. For this purpose a theoretical study and a model experiment were performed. In the theoretical study, the Rigid Body Spring Model was applied to the temporomandibular joint for analyzation of the stress distribution and movement of the condyle head under the various conditions of the joint. Furthermore, the model experiment could be performed to confirm three-dimensionally the findings attained by the theoretical study. The results were as follows: 1. In the phase of the decreasing upper incisor inclination excessively, the direction of the temporomandibular joint force was be rotated counterclockwise and the magnitude of the joint force was be increased. 2. The movement of the condyle head (distance and direction) and the stress distribution of the disk were influenced by the various shapes of the joint and the mechanical properties of the surrounding soft tissues.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

The mediolateral temporomandibular joint disc position: an in vivo quantitative study.

AIMS: Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) discs displaced simultaneously, dorsoventrally, and mediolaterally are assumed to be rotated. However, a pilot study performed with individualized oblique-axial scans on supposedly rotated discs did not show disc rotation consistently. The aim of this study was the quantitative evaluation of disc rotation on a larger sample size, assessing the mediolateral disc geometry and position by the use of a reference system determined by the condylar long axis. METHODS: Eighty-five TMJs from 50 subjects were analyzed. One series of sagittal and 1 of 14 individualized oblique-axial magnetic resonance (MR) scans were taken for each joint. The dorsoventral disc position was diagnosed by means of the sagittal scans. The mediolateral disc width and position were then measured on every oblique-axial scan. The width and midline was computed for each disc and its deviation from the perpendicular to the condylar long axis was calculated. Finally, a statistical analysis was performed to study whether the disc width and the direction of the disc midline varied between discs normally positioned and anteriorly displaced. RESULTS: The disc width varied significantly more within the anteriorly displaced discs than within the normal ones. The midline of the anteriorly displaced discs deviated more from the perpendicular to the condylar long axis than that of normally positioned discs and was mostly in a lateral direction. The disc midline also deviated more in the ventral than in the dorsal part of the disc. CONCLUSION: Most anteriorly displaced discs were laterally displaced and showed a larger width variation than normally positioned discs. This fact seems to indicate disc deformation.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

Type II collagen and aggrecan mRNA expression by in situ hybridization in rabbit temporomandibular joint posterior attachment following disc displacement.

Pathological changes and mRNA expression were studied in the posterior attachment of 40 adult Japanese white rabbits. The right temporomandibular joints of 28 rabbits were subjected to surgical disc displacement. Joints were studied by histochemistry and in situ hybridization. The collagen in the posterior attachment became dense, especially near the posterior band of the disc. Chondrocytes were found not only in the disc but also in the posterior attachment. Sometimes cartilage formation was seen. Type II collagen mRNA expression was first detected in the posterior attachment 4 days postoperatively and became progressively stronger with time. Aggrecan expression in the posterior attachment decreased at first, then increased gradually. It was concluded that, in the temporomandibular joint, chondrocytes appear in the posterior attachment as a result of biomechanical stimuli and the attachment becomes fibrocartilaginous following disc displacement.

Aggrecans↗
PubMed1989

A comparative electromyographic study of the lateral pterygoid muscle and arthrography in patients with temporomandibular joint disturbance syndrome sounds.

To explore the relationships among dysfunction of the two heads of the lateral pterygoid muscle, temporomandibular joint (TMJ) internal derangement, and the mechanism of TMJ sounds, a comparative study was undertaken with electromyography of the two heads of the muscle and arthrography in 38 patients with temporomandibular joint disturbance syndrome sounds. Results suggested that the electromyograph shows various characteristics of dysfunction, when compared with the electromyograph of normal adults, that are significantly relevant to temporomandibular joint internal derangement, especially anterior disk displacement with reduction and without reduction. The mechanism of the sounds was further explained on the basis of the observation of this study. Summing up the data, the authors propose that the dysfunction of the superior head of the muscle is one cause of temporomandibular anterior disk displacement.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Functional rehabilitation of ankylosed temporomandibular joints.

Successful chrome-cobalt prostheses have been used to replace the condyle and glenoid fossa in six young Macaca irus monkeys. In one group of two animals the left temporomandibular joint was replaced; in the second group the right joint and in the third group both temporomandibular joints were replaced. Neither masticatory function nor ability to open or close the mouth was affected, and all the animals remained in excellent health, living in the colony for 9 to 10 months. A similar surgical procedure was carried out for treatment of three human patients with ankylosed temporomandibular joints.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Temporomandibular joint structures: a comparison between anatomic and magnetic resonance findings in a sagittal and an angulated plane.

Two temporomandibular joints originating from one specimen were investigated using magnetic resonance imaging and cryosectioning. Magnetic resonance images, photographs of the surface of the tissue block, and on-tape sections were compared. The left joint was imaged and sectioned in a sagittal plane, the right joint in a plane perpendicular to the long axis of the condyle. The densely plaited fibrous tissue of the disc proper correlated extremely well with the low signal intensity in magnetic resonance imaging. The transition between the densely plaited fibrous tissue and the looser tissue of the posterior attachment was located anterior to the thickest part of the intra-articular tissues in most sections of the specimen. The temporomandibular joint disc could be seen in angulated as well as in sagittal magnetic resonance scans. The posterior band was imaged best in angulated magnetic resonance scans throughout the temporomandibular joint.

Aged↗
PubMed1981

Acute temporomandibular joint pain-dysfunction syndrome: neuro-otologic and electromyographic study.

To test the hypothesis that the acute temporomandibular joint pain-dysfunction syndrome might represent a variant of acute benign cranial polyneuritis, a prospective study was designed using neuro-otologic examination and electromyography. Seven consecutive patients with cardinal symptoms of the temporomandibular joint pain-dysfunction syndrome (pain, tenderness, clicking, and limitation of jaw movement) were examined within one week after the onset of their acute symptoms. Another three with chronic symptoms were tested for comparison to the acute cases. All seven patients with the acute condition had asymptomatic hypesthesia of all three divisions of the trigeminal nerve and decreased volitional muscle action potentials in the masseter and temporalis muscles. At the end of three weeks the hypesthesia resolved in all seven patients, and the muscle action potentials returned to normal in six of the seven. Electromyographic testing of the single patient with persistent decreased muscle action potentials and three patients with chronic symptoms showed fibrillations, decreased polyphasic regeneration potentials, and spontaneous fasciculations with clinical atrophy and spasm of the affected masseter and temporalis muscles. Other acute cranial nerve findings included unilateral hypesthesia of the glossopharyngeal and second cervical nerves, motor paralysis of the superior laryngeal branch of the vagus nerve, and increased facial nerve latency. These findings suggest an organic neuromuscular, rather than a psychophysiologic, cause for the temporomandibular joint pain-dysfunction syndrome.

Acute Disease↗
PubMedDate not supplied

High-resolution computed tomography: Part 5. Evaluation of the temporomandibular joint.

High-resolution computed tomography (CT) is evolving as the most valuable radiographic study when detailed information about the status of the temporomandibular joint is needed. High-resolution CT is faster, less invasive, and in most cases much more accurate than other imaging modalities used in the past. Erosive, hypertrophic, and ankylosing arthropathies are illustrated, as are condylar dislocations secondary to acute trauma, chronic trauma, and neoplasm. A detailed discussion of the common problem of the anterior displaced meniscus is undertaken.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[Surgical treatment of temporomandibular joint dysfunctions by Myrhaug's technic. Apropos 60 interventions].

The treatment of the chronic diseases of the temporomandibular joint is always difficult. At one moment or another, surgical treatment is discussed, proposed and performed. Many operations have been described to make the temporo-mandibular joint recovering its normal movements. Both joints are involved in those movements, because the joint is symmetrical. Myrhaug's technique, described in 1951, consists in the resection of all the temporal condyle. This technique which respects the meniscus and all the chondro-fibrous system of the joint creates a permanent and reducible chronic dislocation of the joint. This paper is made to show that under an experience of more than 60 operations the authors can give all the details they use, with some modifications of the original Myrhaug's technique. The authors give their own results over 60 operations: there are more than 70% of good or excellent results, without any complication. For all the cases they have operated and they present, the follow-up is more than one year and some times more than ten years. They have not seen any late complication and the results have not been modified after all that time. The main indication of this technique is the temporomandibular joint dysfunction syndrome which affects more the female population. This syndrome is made of an association of pain, cracking, abnormal movements and subdislocations, but pain is only one of the symptoms. The same operation is very efficient to treat chronic subdislocations affecting one or both joints. This Myrhaug's technique operation is very simple without any complication in the post-operative days and give very good results.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Bilateral degenerative changes and deviation in form of temporomandibular joints. An autopsy study of elderly individuals.

The right and left temporomandibular joints were removed as blocks from the skulls of 22 individuals in the 60-89-year-old age group at autopsy. The skulls were examined to determine the number and position of teeth and dentures. The articular surfaces of the joints were examined macroscopically for topographical distribution and degree of degenerative changes and topographical distribution of deviation in form. Indices of degenerative changes and of deviation in form were proposed. Correlations were found between the right and left joints with respect to both indices for degenerative changes and deviation in form. The indices were also correlated with each other within the same joint. A sex difference was found for degenerative changes and deviation in form, with the most advanced changes in the joints of women. It was concluded that degenerative changes and deviation in form in this age group were correlated between right and left joints and within the same joint.

Aged↗
PubMed1984

High-resolution computed tomography of the osseous temporomandibular joint. Some normal and abnormal appearances.

A standardized CT procedure for examination of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) with axial and coronal scanning as well as reformatted coronal and sagittal sections, was performed on 32 adults. These included subjects with normal TMJ and patients suffering from muscular dysfunction/disc displacement, arthrosis or rheumatoid arthritis. Some normal CT appearances simulating disease were presented. Axial CT scanning appeared to be the most useful method for demonstrating osseous abnormalities of the TMJ. The diagnostic information was occasionally supplemented by the coronal scanning, which may be difficult to perform on patients with neck stiffness. Reformatted coronal or sagittal sections mostly confirmed TMJ abnormality and supplemented the findings at axial scans in about one third of the patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

[Interpretation and misinterpretation in occlusion diagnostic radiography of the temporomandibular joint].

Methodical procedure is of considerable importance in interpreting radiographs of the temporomandibular joint. Under this aspect the technique used at the Dental School of the University of Zurich, Department of Prosthodontics, is described. Two principal steps are distinguished for the evaluation of a radiograph: valuation and interpretation. In order to make clear radiographic anatomy and characteristics of projection of the joint region two didactic models are introduced. Problems, limits and pitfalls in interpreting radiographs of the temporomandibular joint in oblique lateral projection are shown.

Humans↗