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At least 811 records · Page 45Linked to original sources

PubMed2000

[The effects of RA538 and antisense c-myc on cervical cancer cell lines with high expression of bcl-2 gene].

OBJECTIVE: To study the effects of recombinant adenovirus with RA538 or antisense c-myc insert on cervical cancer cell lines with high expression of bcl-2 gene. METHODS: Cervical cancer cell lines HeLa and SiHa were transduced with full length bcl-2 cDNA by lipofectin and cell clones with stable expression of bcl-2 were selected. They were then transfected with recombinant adenovirus containing RA538 (Ad-RA538), antisense c-myc (Ad-ASc-myc) or LacZ (Ad-LacZ) gene. Morphologic and molecular changes of the transfected cancer cells were examined by light microscopy, MTT, RT-PCR and Northern blot. RESULTS: The bcl-2 cDNA was successfully transferred into HeLa and SiHa cells. Two cell lines, called HeLa-bcl2 and SiHa-bcl2 with high expression of bcl-2 gene were generated. Ad-RA538 and Ad-ASc-myc transfection both could inhibit cell growth and induce apoptosis of HeLa and SiHa cells, and inhibit their expression of c-myc and bcl-2 genes. However, although Ad-RA538 and Ad-ASc-myc had some inhibitory effect on bcl-2 and c-myc gene expression by HeLa-bcl2 and SiHa-bcl2 cells, they could only slightly inhibit cell growth and weakly induce apoptosis. CONCLUSION: Ad-RA538 and Ad-ASc-myc can to certain extent inhibit cell growth and induce apoptosis of two cervical cancer cell lines. They have little such effect when these cell lines have over-expressed bcl-2 by transduction of exogenous bcl-2 gene.

Antineoplastic Agents↗

PubMed2002

Improvement in diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis using dual indirect immunofluorescence and immunoblotting assays for antifilaggrin autoantibodies: a retrospective 3 year study.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the clinical usefulness of measuring antistratum corneum (ASC) and antifilaggrin autoantibodies (AFA) to discriminate between rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and other rheumatic or autoimmune diseases, using an indirect immunofluorescence (IIF) assay, along with a complementary immunoblotting technique (IB) when IIF detection of ASC was negative. METHODS: Sera from 346 patients were studied: 189 sera from patients with RA seen in the same clinic, 92 from patients with non-RA rheumatic diseases, 24 from nonrheumatic autoimmune diseases, and 41 from healthy blood donors. ASC and AFA were detected using IIF and IB, respectively. RESULTS: ASC detection using IIF showed a specificity of 97.5% for RA with 44.4% sensitivity. When both IIF and IB techniques were used, sensitivity for RA increased significantly (up to 53.4%; p < 0.01) with no decrease in specificity (p < 0.01). CONCLUSION: These data confirm the usefulness of 2 different techniques performed simultaneously for detecting ASC/AFA, and the usefulness of these biological markers for discriminating between RA and other rheumatic diseases in clinical practice.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2003

The effect of UVB irradiation on ferritin subunit synthesis, ferritin assembly and Fe metabolism in cultured canine lens epithelial cells.

Ferritin is a multimeric protein consisting of heavy and light chains assembled in different tissue-specific ratios, which can protect cells from oxidative stress by storing reactive iron (Fe). Because the lens is constantly exposed to UV irradiation, we studied its effects on ferritin synthesis and Fe metabolism in cultured lens epithelial cells with and without ascorbic acid (Asc). UVB caused a large increase in accumulation of newly synthesized ferritin chains; this increase was additive to that induced by Asc. In contrast to the Asc-induced increase in Fe storage, Fe storage in ferritin was unaltered by UVB. Although UVB increased accumulation of newly synthesized ferritin chains, total ferritin levels were unaltered. In contrast, Asc, which induced a quantitatively similar increase in accumulation of newly synthesized ferritin chains, doubled the total amount of ferritin. Because UVB did not change Fe storage in ferritin or the size of the labile Fe pool, it was hypothesized and then determined that these newly synthesized chains did not assemble into functional holoferritin. Numerous studies detail the effects of various treatments on de novo ferritin synthesis; however, this study provides a cautionary note regarding the conclusions of such studies in the absence of data indicating assembly of functional ferritin molecules.

Animals↗

PubMed2003

The 2001 Bethesda System terminology.

The 2001 Bethesda System for reporting cervical or vaginal cytologic diagnoses is an incremental change in the uniform terminology introduced in 1988 and revised in 1991. The 2001 Bethesda System includes specific statements about specimen adequacy, general categorization, and interpretation and results. In the adequacy category, "satisfactory" and "unsatisfactory" are retained, but "satisfactory but limited by" is eliminated. The new category of "atypical squamous cells" (ASC) replaces the category of "atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance" (ASCUS) and is divided into qualifiers of (1) ASC of "undetermined significance" (ASC-US) and (2) "cannot exclude high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL)," or (ASC-H). The categories of ASCUS, "favor reactive" and "favor neoplasia" are eliminated. The terminology for low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (LSILs) and HSILs remains unchanged. The category of "atypical glandular cells of undetermined significance" (AGUS) is eliminated to avoid confusion with ASCUS and is replaced by the term "atypical glandular cells" (AGC), with attempts to identify whether the origin of the cells is endometrial, endocervical, or unqualified. "Endocervical adenocarcinoma in situ" and "AGC, favor neoplastic" are included as separate AGC categories. The presence of normal or abnormal endometrial cells is to be reported in women who are at least 40 years of age. Educational notes and comments on ancillary testing may be added as appropriate.

Adenocarcinoma↗

PubMed1992

Diagnosis of human immunodeficiency virus infection by enzyme-linked immunospot assays in a prospectively followed cohort of infants of human immunodeficiency virus-seropositive women.

The enzyme-linked immunospot (ELISPOT), a method for quantifying specific and total antibody-secreting cells, was used for the diagnosis of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in a prospectively followed cohort of infants born to HIV-infected women. From July 1, 1987, to June 1, 1990, 127 infants with known HIV infection status were studied. Seventeen of 22 HIV-infected infants had specific HIV-specific antibody-secreting cells (ASC). Among the infected infants rates of ASC positivity increased during the first year of life, from 25% in the first 5 days of life to 78% after 6 months. Two of the five ASC-negative infected infants were further characterized as hypo- or dysgammaglobulinemic by an adjunct ELISPOT assay for total immunoglobulin-secreting cells. Excluding hypo- or dysgammaglobulinemic infants from the analysis, the rate of ASC positivity among infected infants was 85% (17 of 20) after the age of 6 months. None of the 95 uninfected infants had a positive ELISPOT assay, including 55 who were tested in the first 3 months of life. Thus in this series the specificity was 100%. ELISPOT methodology can be a useful technique for the diagnosis of HIV infection in infants of HIV-seropositive mothers.

Female↗

PubMed2005

[Effect of ingredients of Astragalus-Salvia compound on vascular endothelial cell in placenta and vascular endothelial growth factor mRNA expression in trophocyte in pregnant rats with inhibited nitric oxide synthesis].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the molecular mechanisms of effective ingredients of Astragalus-Salvia compound (ASC) in increasing placental blood supply, to provide thought for establishing an effective prevention and treatment of insufficient placental blood supply caused complications of pregnancy. METHODS: The effective ingredients of ASC was isolated and abstracted and the rat model of inhibited nitric oxide synthesis was established by using L-Arginine methyl ester (L-NAME), a nitric oxide synthase inhibitor. The mRNA expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in placental trophocyte and primordial micrangial endothelial cell was determined by using in situ hybridization at 12th day of pregnancy. RESULTS: The VEGF mRNA expression was significantly lower in nitric oxide synthesis inhibited model rats than that in rats non-modeled, or in model rats treated by ASC abstracts or nitroglycerin (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: Effective ingredients of ASC may improve VEGF mRNA expression in placental trophocyte and vascular endothelial cell in early pregnancy, and thus be favorable for placental vascular net formation, trophocyte infiltration and mother-placental circulation constitution for increasing placental blood supply to prevent and treat the insufficient placental blood supply caused diseases such as pregnancy-induced hypertension syndrome.

Animals↗

PubMedDate not supplied

From stem cell to solid organ. Bone marrow, peripheral blood or umbilical cord blood as favorable source?

Adult stem cells (ASC) have becoming a great domain of research by their promising interest for the regenerative medicine. For some years, the number of publications has been increasing, displaying the potential of ASC to differentiate in all tissue-lineages, challenging the previous dogma that ASC were restricted to give rise only to specific cells from their tissue of origin. Among the diversity of ASC, hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) have been the most studied and their use in the clinical setting is largely documented. Commonly, HSC have been harvested from the bone marrow, but for some years, two others sources, the peripheral blood and the umbilical cord blood have been introduced. All these HSC posses their own molecular characteristics and degree of maturity and represent a more or less good candidate to participate in the cellular-based tissue regeneration. We have reviewed the different parameters allowing to define which subset could be the more favorable such as the accessibility to the pool of HSC; the quantity of available cells; the tolerability of host-engraftment and the capacity of the cells to home correctly to the required site of damaged. Besides, recently, the molecular profiling of HSC has allowed identifying which subset posses the more promising characteristics.

Animals↗

PubMed2006

[Clinical evaluation of high-risk HPV detection by hybrid capture II in screening cervical intraepithelial neoplasma].

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the value of high-risk HPV (hrHPV) detection by Hybrid Capture II (HC2) in screening cervical intraepithelial neoplasm (CIN). METHODS: Totally 723 patients who had received a dual screening with thinprep cytologic test (TCT) and HC2 in our department were analyzed retrospectively. Among them, 350 patients received a triple examination with TCT, HC2, and colposcopic biopsy. RESULTS: Among the 723 patients, the incidences of hrHPV infection with atypical squamous cell (ASC), low squamous intraepithelial lesion, and high squamous intraepithelial lesion were 70.7% (94/133), 88.9% (249/280), and 90.9% (90/99), respectively, significantly higher than 55.5% (117/211), the incidence of hrHPV infection with normal cytological results (P = 0.005, P < 0.001, P < 0.001, respectively). Among 350 cases who were received triple examination, the incidence of hrHPV infection with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) 1 and CIN 2 were 88.9% (72/81) and 96.3% (52/54), significantly higher than 77.7% (153/197), the incidence of hrHPV infection with normal pathological results (P = 0.03, P = 0.002); The incidence of hrHPV infection with CIN 3 and squamous cancer were 91.7% (11/12) and 100.0% (6/6), also higher than normal cases. Among these 350 cases, the incidence of hrHPV infection with ASC was 79.3% (69/87). The incidence of CIN 2-3 with ASC and hrHPV infection was 38.0%, significantly higher than the incidence of CIN 2-3 with ASC and without hrHPV infection (5.9%) (P = 0.04). CONCLUSION: hrHPV infection has a close relation with CIN, and the incidence of hrHPV infection increases along with the severity of CIN.

Adolescent↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Determination of cervicovaginal microorganisms in women with abnormal cervical cytology: the role of Ureaplasma urealyticum.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the existence of an association between cervicovaginal infections and precancerous lesions of the uterine cervix, through determination of prevalent cervicovaginal micro-organisms, alone and in association with human papillomavirus (HPV), in patients with abnormal and normal vaginal cytology. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Patients with abnormal vaginal cytology were divided into three study groups according to cytological findings: ASC-US, L-SIL and H-SIL. All patients underwent colposcopic examination and exoendocervical and vaginal sampling for microbiological and molecular analysis for detection of HPV-DNA, Ureaplasma urealyticum, Chlamydia trachomatis, Trichomonas vaginalis, mycetes and common bacteria. Results were compared with the patient group asymptomatic for cervicovaginal inflammation with negative vaginal cytology and colposcopy. RESULTS: A high association between Ureaplasma urealyticum infection and the grade of cytological cervical lesion (27% for ASC-US, 35% for L-SIL and 45% for H-SIL) was found. Furthermore, 19% of the control group samplings were positive for Ureaplasma urealyticum, significantly less than that observed in the positive cytology groups. An interesting association of HPV with Ureaplasma urealyticum in patients with H-SIL vaginal cytology (83%), much higher than that observed in patients with slightly abnormal or normal vaginal cytology (56% for ASC-US, 49% for L-SIL, 40% for normal cytology) was also identified. In contrast, the association between Papillomavirus and multiple microorganisms seemed to decrease with the level of cellular dysplasia in 30% of controls, 33% of ASC-US, 32% of L-SIL and 17% of H-SIL. CONCLUSION: The presence of a high Ureaplasma urealyticum level seems to be a cofactor of HPV infection, a necessary cause of precancerous lesions of the uterine cervix. The presence of Ureaplasma urealyticum may play a role both in initiating viral cellular anomalies and in viral persistence. It can be hypothesized that these initial processes are helped by a state of cervical inflammation, also supported by multiple microorganisms. It would, thus, be suggested for all patients who present with an abnormal PAP test to undergo a cervicovaginal microbiological examination to detect potentially pathogenic microbes for correct diagnosis and treatment, as well as a more complete follow-up of cervical cytological lesions.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1991

In vitro induction of a Haemophilus influenzae type b polysaccharide-specific antibody response in human peripheral blood lymphocytes of individuals recently vaccinated with an oligosaccharide-protein conjugate.

In this paper an in vitro culture system for the induction of an antibody response to the Haemophilus influenzae type b polysaccharide (PRP) is described. Anti-PRP IgM and IgG antibody-secreting cells (ASC) and anti-diphtheria toxoid (DT) IgG ASC were detected in cultures of blood B and T cells derived from donors 4 to 6 wk after immunization with Haemophilus influenzae type b oligosaccharide-mutant diphtheria toxin (CRM197) conjugate (HbOC) and required in vitro restimulation with HbOC. When lymphocytes from HbOC-vaccinated donors were stimulated with PRP, anti-PRP IgM and IgG ASC could be detected in 50% offGe cases. Lymphocytes from PRP-vaccinated donors or non-vaccinated donors consistently failed to generate anti-PRP antibodies after in vitro stimulation with HbOC. Optimal in vitro responses were observed at concentrations of 0.06 to 0.6 micrograms/ml of Ag. At higher doses of Ag (6 micrograms/ml) anti-PRP and anti-DT antibody responses were suppressed. The in vitro generation of anti-PRP and anti-DT ASC, as detected by a spot-forming cell assay was shown to be T cell dependent, Ag dependent, and Ag specific. This culture system provides a model for the study of human B cell activation and immunoregulation by polysaccharide-protein conjugates and polysaccharides.

Adult↗

PubMed1991

[Effect of L-ascorbic acid 2-phosphate on cultured rabbit keratocytes (the third report). The effect on production and secretion of type I collagen].

We examined the effect of L-ascorbic acid 2-phosphate (P-Asc), a long-acting phosphate derivative of L-ascorbic acid, on intracellular distribution and production of type I collagen in cultured rabbit keratocytes by an immunohistochemistry and enzyme immunoassay. Exposure of 0.1 mM P-Asc for 10 hours decreased a type I collagen immunoreactivity of the cytoplasm as stained in fine granular materials. 0.1 mM P-Asc induced increase of type I collagen level in the medium. The results suggested that 0.1 mM P-Asc might increase the biosynthesis and secretion of type I collagen in keratocytes and have a therapeutic effect on corneal stromal damage.

Animals↗

PubMed1991

Modification of system A amino acid carrier by diethyl pyrocarbonate.

Sodium-dependent alanine transport in plasma membrane vesicles from rat liver was inactivated in a time- and concentration-dependent fashion by prior treatment of membranes with the acylating reagent diethyl pyrocarbonate (DEPC). Both components of Na+/alanine cotransport (systems A and ASC) were inhibited. Exposure of vesicles to p-bromophenacyl bromide and methyl p-nitrobenzenesulfonate, which share with DEPC reactivity against histidine residues, also led to inhibition of alanine transport through systems A and ASC. The presence of Na+ (100 mM NaCl) and L-alanine (10 mM) during exposure to vesicles to DEPC protected against inactivation of system A (but not system ASC) transport activity. This protective effect was specific and required the presence of L-alanine since the presence of L-phenylalanine alone (10 mM) or L-phenylalanine plus Na+ (100 mM NaCl) did not cause any detectable protection. This overall pattern of protection is opposite to that previously found against specific sulfhydryl reagents (i.e. N-ethylmaleimide), where protection of system ASC was nearly maximal. The pH profile for DEPC-dependent inhibition of system A transport activity suggests modification of amino acid residue(s) with a pKr of approximately 7, most likely histidine(s), in close parallel with the pH dependence of system A transport activity. Our results suggest the presence of critical histidine residues on the system A carrier that may be responsible for the pH dependence of system A transport activity.

Alanine↗

PubMed1991

Epidermal growth factor inhibits transcription of type I collagen genes and production of type I collagen in cultured human skin fibroblasts in the presence and absence of L-ascorbic acid 2-phosphate, a long-acting vitamin C derivative.

Recombinant human epidermal growth factor (EGF, 2-10 ng/ml) stimulated growth and production of non-collagenous proteins, but inhibited production of collagen by 60% in cultured human skin fibroblasts. Type analysis of the collagen produced indicated that inhibition of the collagen production observed was mainly a reflection of a reduction in type I collagen. The accumulation of pro alpha 1(I) and pro alpha 2(I) mRNAs and the transcriptional activity of these genes were determined in human skin fibroblasts in order to investigate site(s) of regulation of type I collagen production by human EGF in the absence and presence of L-ascorbic acid 2-phosphate (Asc 2-P), a long-acting vitamin C derivative. Human EGF (10 ng/ml) used alone reduced the steady state levels of mRNAs for pro alpha 1(I) and pro alpha 2(I) chains and transcriptional activity of these genes in vitro by 45%. Asc 2-P (0.2 mM) alone, on the other hand, raised production of type I collagen and the steady state levels of mRNAs for pro alpha 1(I) and pro alpha 2(I) collagen chains as well as stimulated transcriptional activity of these genes. Human EGF attenuated these stimulative effects of Asc 2-P. These results indicate that human EGF regulates type I collagen synthesis at the transcriptional level in cultured fibroblasts in the presence and absence of Asc 2-P. The possibility that human EGF plays a role as a regulator of type I collagen genes in vivo was discussed.

Ascorbic Acid↗

PubMed1990

Sialomucin and lytic susceptibility of rat mammary tumor ascites cells.

The potential role of cell surface sialomucin in preventing natural killer (NK)-mediated lysis of tumor cell targets has been addressed by comparing the properties of 2 NK-resistant [ascites (ASC) and short-term cultured (STC)] and 2 NK-susceptible [tunicamycin-treated (TUN) and long-term cultured (LTC)] preparations of 13762 MAT-B1 rat mammary tumor cells. Both the ASC and STC cell preparations contain elevated levels of the sialomucin ASGP-1 relative to TUN and LTC preparations as determined by [3H]glucosamine labeling and by binding of peanut agglutinin. The major difference in the susceptibility to NK-mediated lysis appeared to be due to the differences in the susceptibility to lysis by lytic granules, rather than to differences in the ability to bind or trigger effector cells, since TUN and LTC cells were approximately 10-fold more sensitive to lysis by lytic granules than were ASC and STC cells. All preparations inhibited the lysis of the susceptible target YAC-1 by normal rat splenocytes, indicating an ability to bind these effector cells. Triggering of effectors, as monitored either by incorporation of 32P into phosphatidylinositol or by transmethylation of phosphatidylcholine, was similar for the positive control YAC-1, STC, TUN, and LTC, whereas ASC appeared to be defective in triggering effectors. These results suggest that tumor sialomucin blocks the final phase of lysis, but not the initial recognition of tumor cells by NK effectors.

Adenocarcinoma↗

PubMed1990

[Immunogenetic factors influencing HBV carrier state, the seroconversion and the development of chronic liver disease].

In order to investigate the immunogenetic factors associated with hepatitis B virus (HBV) carrier state, the HBe seroconversion and the development of chronic liver disease, HLA typing were performed in 278 asymptomatic HBV carriers (ASC) and 110 patients with chronic B type hepatitis (CH). HLA typing was also performed in 178 vaccinees who had received hepatitis B vaccine. The significantly decreased frequencies of DR1 and DRw13 were found in ASC, CH and non-responders to HB vaccine. This suggests that DR1 and DRw13 may be associated with the elimination of HBV. The frequency of DR4.2 was increased in ASC, but decreased in CH. The seroconversion rate of DR4.2 positive CH as well as ASC was high. Therefore DR4.2 may have relevance to the seroconversion from HBeAg to anti-HBe.

Carrier State↗

PubMed1989

Hepatitis B core antigen-specific IFN-gamma production of peripheral blood mononuclear cells in patients with chronic hepatitis B virus infection.

To evaluate the specificity of cellular immune response to hepatitis B virus (HBV) Ag in patients with chronic HBV infection, we have measured IFN-gamma production and proliferation of PBMC of 16 patients with chronic active hepatitis (CAH), 17 asymptomatic carriers of HBV (ASC), 6 anti-hepatitis B surface (HBs)-positive subjects, and 6 control individuals with ELISA procedure and [3H]thymidine incorporation. There was no significant increase in the mean proliferative response to recombinant HB surface and core Ag (rHBsAg and rHBcAg), nor was IFN-gamma production elicited with rHBsAg in any group. In contrast, PBMC of HBeAg-positive and anti-HBe-positive CAH patients, and anti-hepatitis B "e" Ag (HBe)-positive ASC showed significantly enhanced IFN-gamma production in response to HBcAg, whereas those of HBeAg-positive ASC and anti-HBs-positive subjects did not respond to HBcAg. The maximal response was observed in a 5-day culture with 500 ng/ml of rHBcAg when assessed by stimulation index value. Monocytes did not demonstrate an increased suppressor or helper activity for IFN-gamma production in these patients. T cell subset fractionation revealed that CD4+ cells were main population of IFN-gamma production specific for HBcAg and CD8+ cells did not suppress IFN-gamma production of CD4+ cells. Furthermore, CD4+ cells of HBeAg-positive ASC generated lesser amounts of IFN-gamma than HBeAg-positive CAH patients did. These results show that the measurement of IFN-gamma production is useful to determine cellular immune response to HBV Ag and suggest that IFN-gamma production depends on the helper activity of CD4+ T cells sensitized to HBcAg.

Epitopes↗

PubMed1989

[Epidemiologic significance of persistent observation of serum HBV-DNA in asymptomatic HBsAg carriers].

Serum HBV-DNA was assayed in 65 asymptomatic HBsAg carriers (ASC) for one to two years. HBV replication marks, such as serum HBeAg, DNA polymerase, HBsAg-PHSA-R and liver function in the ASC with different types of the dynamic changes of HBV-DNA were determined and compared. The transmissive state in the family members of the ASC were investigated. The results showed that among the 65 ASC 27 cases (41.54%) were HBV-DNA persistently positive with marked infectivity, 21 cases (32.31%) were HBV-DNA persistently negative with lower infectivity 10 cases (15.38%) with HBV-DNA conversion from positive to negative and 7 cases (10.77%) with HBV-DNA conversion from negative to positive. It is of instructive significance in epidemiology.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1986

[Effect of ascorbic acid on the binding of 3H-GABA and 3H-glutamic acid to synaptosomes of the rat cerebral cortex].

The effects of different concentrations of L-ascorbic acid (Asc) on Na+-dependent binding of 3H-GABA and 3H-DL-glutamic acid to rat brain cortical synaptosomes were studied. Asc, at a concentration nearly equal to brain extracellular one (3 X 10(-4) M), had no effect on specific and nonspecific 5H-GABA binding. At higher concentrations (10(-3) M) Asc strongly inhibited, and at lower concentrations (10(-6) M) considerably stimulated 3H-GABA binding. At a concentration of 10(-5)-10(-3) M Asc tended to decrease 3H-DL-glutamic acid binding.

Animals↗