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At least 811 records · Page 45Linked to original sources
PubMed2006

Teaching medical students about communicating with patients with major mental illness.

Persons with major mental illness often have chronic diseases and poor physical health. Therefore, all practicing physicians should learn about communicating effectively with these patients. Few efforts to teach medical students communication skills have specifically targeted patients with major mental illness. Indeed, most of the limited literature on this topic is decades old, predating significant scientific advances in cognitive neuroscience and psychiatric therapeutics and changes in social policies regarding major mental illness. To gather preliminary insight into training needs, we interviewed 13 final-year students from 2 Boston medical schools. Students' observations coalesced around 4 themes: fears and anxieties about interacting with persons with major mental illness; residents "protecting" students from patients with major mental illness; lack of clinical maturity; and barriers to learning during psychiatry rotations. Educational researchers must explore ways to better prepare young physicians to communicate effectively with patients with major mental illness.

Communication↗
PubMed1995

Qualitative analysis: what it is and how to begin.

One of the most paralyzing moments in conducting qualitative research is beginning analysis, when researchers must first look at their data in order to see what they should look for in their data. Although temporally and conceptually overlapping processes, data analysis should be distinguished from interpretation. Practical suggestions for beginning analysis include getting a sense of the whole, extracting the facts, identifying key topics or major storylines and dimensionalizing their informational content, and using frameworks to reduce data.

Data Interpretation, Statistical↗
PubMed2003

Recruiting nurses: the problem is the process.

With competition increasing for scarce personnel resources, recruitment and retention processes must be efficient and effective. The author reports the results of an extensive study of recruitment processes and systems in acute care hospitals throughout the United States and the major recruitment factors that lead to job choice decisions by staff nurses.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1989

Closure of rural hospital obstetric units in Missouri.

We studied 65 rural hospitals in Missouri that provided obstetric services in 1986. The hospitals were divided into three groups on the basis of their physician obstetric staff: family or general practitioners only (38 hospitals), family practitioners and obstetricians (22 hospitals), and obstetricians only (five hospitals). From birth certificate data, we detected a decline in the mean number of births in all groups of rural hospitals comparing 1980-1983 with 1984-1987. Births in family practice only hospitals declined most over the past four years (35%), whereas there was only a 4 percent decline in the number of births to rural Missouri women. In 1987, 10 of the 38 family practice only hospital obstetric units closed due to loss of physician services, whereas none of the other hospitals stopped providing obstetric care (X2 = 8.40, p less than 0.005). These findings suggest that rural hospitals with family and general practitioners exclusively on their obstetric staffs are at significant risk of closing their obstetric units.

Evaluation Studies as Topic↗
PubMed1984

A method for eliciting beliefs about food and child feeding in Papua New Guinea: the MACHIK Interview.

A large proportion of Papua New Guinean children exhibit growth retardation early in the first year of life despite continued breastfeeding. Numerous investigators have suggested that traditional concepts and practices concerned with the introduction of solid foods are responsible for the observed poor growth. While there is recently some evidence to support this idea in one coastal population, the hypothesis warrants empirical testing. It is suggested that food taboos and other concepts and behaviours related to feeding children be carefully described and, if possible, quantified as a function of age, thereby linking behaviour to growth curves in a testable manner. A directed interview, derived from extended ethnographic research in community foodways and known as the Maternal and Child Health Indigenous Knowledge, or MACHIK Interview has been developed for use in Papua New Guinea societies. In this paper a short form designed specifically for gathering information on beliefs about child feeding is presented. Annotations to the questions are included to enable use by those having little experience or training in ethnographic methods.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

Local prioritisation work in health care--assessment of an implementation process.

Political, horizontal prioritisation requires knowledge on local health care resource use on unit or patient group level. This in turn requires unit level structures (meeting forums) and processes for creation of knowledge and continuous, open decision-making on prioritisation. Ideally, for decisions to be legitimate, such procedures should meet the "Accountability for reasonableness"-criteria of Daniels and Sabin [Daniels N. Accountability for reasonableness. Establishing a fair process for priority setting is easier than agreeing on principles. British Medical Journal 2000;321:1300-1]. A strategy, aiming at shaping such an organisational culture, was developed and set to work within a regional health care organisation, responsible for around 250000 inhabitants. This pilot study regarding topic and methodology assesses the changes of knowledge in open prioritisation as well as structures, processes for and results of such work on unit level in that organisation 1998 through early 2005. Initial interviews and two consecutive surveys were analysed. Results indicate that only early adopters respond to the surveys and among them a growing knowledge in priority setting, acceptance of personal leadership for local priority setting work and recognition of a need for adequate structures and processes. Among respondents, one could note a development: A tentative model expressing different positions towards prioritisation was developed.

Decision Making, Organizational↗