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At least 811 records · Page 45Linked to original sources
PubMed2003

[The French reference laboratory for rare blood groups: activities in 2001].

The French reference laboratory for rare blood groups (CNRGS) is working for all participants of the transfusion chain: from the donors to the recipients; from the French Establishment for Blood to medical laboratories; from hospital to the haemovigilance network; from governmental agencies to European structures. This laboratory is in charge of: (1) studies of complex problems of immunohaematology; (2) studies of rare blood group phenotypes; (3) reagents quality controls; (4) production of biological standards; (5) specific specimen banks; (6) molecular studies of blood group antigens and antibodies involved; (8) panels of reference cells or DNA; (9) international exchanges.

Annual Reports as Topic↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Bedside glucose monitoring: in compliance with regulatory standards.

When accurately performed, bedside glucose monitoring (BGM) is a prompt, reliable, and cost-effective method of managing patients who require a high degree of glucose control. However, regulatory agencies have criticized the quality-control deficiencies of most existing BGM programs. A new generation of multi-user reflectance meters enables the various regulatory directives to be more easily satisfied. These meters provide computer-assisted quality control analysis and facilitate operator feedback for each control test. New York State Department of Health regulations state that the ultimate responsibility for BGM belongs to the chemistry laboratory director. We believe that nursing personnel should retain their patient care prerogative to perform glucose monitoring. Implementation of our successful BGM program required the collaboration of nursing, medical, laboratory, and administrative personnel. These departments combined theoretical and practical expertise with material and financial management. During the first 5 months of operation, our program has shown a steady increase from 78% to 89% of control tests performed correctly. This model can be used by other hospitals to achieve a successful BGM program.

Blood Glucose Self-Monitoring↗
PubMed1998

Design of a virtual reality laboratory for interdisciplinary medical application.

The Department of Medical Informatics of the University of Goettingen sets up a medical interdisciplinary Virtual Reality (VR) laboratory. The interdisciplinary approach for the design of the laboratory is based on a systematic, technical and application-orientated analysis. Its result led to the decision for a CAVE-like multi wall stereo projection (MWSP) system with networked workstation hardware. Within the boundary of an exemplary evaluation of the laboratory, its technical specifications and the validity in neuropsychological tests are supposed to be improved. Both techniques, Head Mounted Display (HMD) as well as multi wall stereo projection (MWSP) systems have a high degree of immersion. MWSP systems have a lower ratio of simulator sickness and a good visual fidelity. They can also be used as a multi-user environment. Networked workstations and high-end-computers are compared in view of their costs and possible expansibility.

Computer Simulation↗
PubMed2003

[Guarding the interests of justice].

The article is devoted to the history of creation and formation of forensic medical examination in the Red Army. The difficulty in formation and topical of activity of army, front and district forensic medical laboratories are emphasized. The orderly structure of expert institutions created during the years of the Great Patriotic War allowed to lay the scientific and methodical foundation of activity of the forensic medical examination in the Armed Forces. Special contribution into creation and organization of military expert service was made by Mickail Ivanovitch Avdeyev--the chief expert of the Red Army. The peculiarities of expert activity and its significance both during the years of the Great Patriotic War and today in difficult conditions of the Russian Federation Armed Forces reformation are discussed in terms of the history.

Expert Testimony↗
PubMed2001

Prevalence of hepatitis C infection among general practice patients in the Lyon area, France.

STUDY OBJECTIVE: To estimate the prevalence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection among patients in general practices. DESIGN AND PARTICIPANTS: A screening campaign requested by the French Health Insurance Fund and involving 271 general practitioners (GPs) and 96% of the 95 medical laboratories was conducted in the Lyon area. Each GP participated for one week and offered an HCV screening to all patients aged 18-69 years during this period. Risk factors were estimated by a medical questionnaire (MQ) filled in by the physician. MAIN RESULTS: From May to October 1997, 11,805 subjects were recruited into the study. Among them, 101 were known HCV positive. The MQ was filled up in 86% of the 11,704 remaining patients. Only 59% of those (6876/11,704) went to a laboratory to be tested. Fifty-one were ELISA positive of whom 30 were confirmed by RIBA or PCR. If we add 101 patients that were known HCV positive and estimate the prevalence among patients who did not go to the laboratory, this study gives a total estimated prevalence of 1.3%. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of HCV infection among patients of GPs is about 1.3%, very close to the estimate in the French general population. The substantial number of patients known HCV positive is probably related to the participation of GPs sensitised to HCV issues and who already have screened most of their HCV patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

ROUNDS: a customizable HELP results review program for hospital staff physicians.

Physicians rely on the ready availability of clinical data such as laboratory results and procedure reports for the delivery of quality patient care. Such data may be obtained through telephone calls, printed reports or results review programs provided by hospital information systems, but the process is often time-consuming and laborious. To facilitate rapid access to critical patient data, an online M.D. Rounds Report program, ROUNDS, was developed as an adjunct to the HELP System at Rex Hospital. Qualified users may automatically obtain information on allergies and current medications, laboratory results, radiology reports and therapist notes for a list of patients without having to make additional menu or submenu selections. A detailed description of the M.D. Rounds Report program, along with a review of implementation objectives, physician evaluation, usage statistics, and the impact on future physician subsystem development, will be presented.

Clinical Laboratory Information Systems↗
PubMed1997

Laboratory quality assurance at the international level: the role of nongovernmental organizations.

A wide range of nongovernmental organizations are involved in laboratory quality assurance at the international level. These organizations include for-profit organizations such as Murex or Randox, nonprofit organizations such as the Institute for Standardization and Documentation in Medical Laboratories (INSTAND), national professional organizations such as the National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards (NCCLS), regional organizations such as the Asian Pacific and Latin American Federation of Clinical Biochemists and International organizations such as the IFCC and WHO. The Interaction and roles of such organizations are discussed.

Accreditation↗
PubMed1997

Migraine-related visual-field loss with prolonged recovery.

BACKGROUND: Migraine is a complex neurologic syndrome that commonly causes visual disturbances. Although migraine visual disturbances are usually transient in nature, persistent or permanent visual field defects may occur. When persistent visual-field loss is found-even if migraine is suspected-appropriate workup must be performed to rule out other causes of vision loss. CASE REPORTS: Two patients went to the eye clinic for comprehensive examination. One patient with symptomatic visual loss and one patient with asymptomatic visual loss were evaluated by serial ophthalmic examinations, neurologic/medical evaluations, computed tomography of the head, and laboratory results. Each patient reported a history consistent with migraine, and each demonstrated resolution of persistent visual-field defects that had been present longer than 10 days. Since ophthalmic, medical, laboratory, and imaging results did not identify and etiology other than migraine as the cause of the vision loss, it is likely that each case represents a specific form of complicated migraine. CONCLUSIONS: Previous reports suggest that migraine-related visual deficits usually become permanent if persistent for more than 7 days. These reports demonstrate that visual recovery may still occur when field defects are present for 10 days or more.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

Is there a future for clinical laboratories? Experience in the Marche Region, Italy.

The government of the Marche Region has approved an Act called the "Regional Health Plan" establishing rules for the organization and development of healthcare. The main aim of the general plan is to rationalize the activities of medical laboratories first by making up an inventory of existing facilities and tests performed, and by classifying laboratories on the basis of their specialization and the complexity of tests that they perform.Moreover, the possible role of point-of-care testing and the need for clinical advice by laboratory professionals has also been debated.

Clinical Laboratory Techniques↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Field efficiency of syphilis screening in antenatal care: lessons from Gutu District in Zimbabwe.

OBJECTIVES: To determine coverage for antenatal syphilis screening in a rural area and evaluate the accuracy of on-site Rapid Plasma Reagin (RPR) tests performed by nurse-midwives. DESIGN: Descriptive cross sectional. SETTING: Rural Health Centres (n = 23) in the Gutu District of Zimbabwe. SUBJECTS: Women booking for antenatal care in the district were used to determine coverage of screening. Results from women who had an RPR test performed during a nine week period were used in assessing the accuracy of tests performed by nurse-midwives. INTERVENTION: On-site antenatal screening for syphilis using an RPR kit with immediate results and treatment for women who tested positive. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Prevalence of syphilis (positive RPR) at booking and the level of agreement between three observers (RHC nurse-midwife, medical practitioner under field conditions and medical laboratory technologist). RESULTS: Eighty five percent of women were screened for syphilis at the first antenatal visit and 11% had a positive RPR. Almost all (97.3%) women with a positive RPR test result were treated. The accuracy of tests performed by RHC staff was poor with a sensitivity of 40% (95% CI 21.8 to 61.1) when compared to those done by the medical practitioner and 8.7% (95% CI 1.5 to 29.5) when compared to those done in a laboratory. The predictive value of a positive test was 22.7% and that of a negative test was 94.9%. CONCLUSION: The coverage of screening for syphilis in pregnant women in Gutu District was good but the results were unreliable. There is need for nurse-midwives, who perform the majority of RPR tests in the RHC, to receive adequate training to ensure competence in testing and to strengthen quality control procedures.

Antibodies, Bacterial↗