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PubMed1992

The odds for success on NCLEX-RN by nurse candidates from a four-year baccalaureate nursing program.

First-time nurse candidates from a four-year baccalaureate nursing program were examined to identify predictors of success on NCLEX-RN. Five logistic regression models were tested to see if specific variables increased nurse candidates' odds for success or failure. The use of admission criteria was the poorest model in predicting performance. Cumulative grade point averages (GPAs) suggested that the end of the sophomore year was the best time for predicting success and the end of the junior year was best for predicting failure. Age was inversely related to successful performance in three of the five models. Using cumulative nursing GPAs, the likelihood of predicting success on NCLEX-RN increased at the end of each academic year.

Achievement↗

PubMed2004

The use of discriminant function analysis to predict student success on the NCLEX-RN.

Predicting whether a student will be successful on the National Council Licensure Examination for Registered Nurses (NCLEX-RN) has been an important endeavor for faculty in schools of nursing for the past 2 decades. Extensive documentation exists in the literature concerning research aimed at exploring the academic and nonacademic predictors of success on the NCLEX-RN. Reviews of the findings of these studies indicate that various factors emerge as academic predictors of success. The results of this study suggest that first-time success on the NCLEX-RN can be predicted with a high level of accuracy using existing student data. The findings also support the belief that it is possible to identify students who may be at risk for unsuccessful first time performance on the NCLEX-RN. Early identification of at-risk students will promote timely intervention strategies to optimize the students' potential for success.

Adult↗

PubMed2002

Outpatient phlebotomy success and reasons for specimen rejection.

OBJECTIVES: To determine the rate with which blood collection is successful on the initial phlebotomy encounter, the rate with which laboratory personnel judge specimens unsuitable for analysis, and the practice characteristics associated with fewer unsuccessful collections and fewer rejected specimens. DESIGN: Clinical laboratories participating in the College of American Pathologists Q-Probes laboratory improvement program prospectively characterized the outcome of outpatient phlebotomies for 3 months or until 20 unsuccessful phlebotomy encounters occurred. By questionnaire, participants provided information about test ordering, patient preparation, and specimen collection. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS: Institutions in the United States (n = 202), Canada (n = 4), Australia (n = 3), and South Korea (n = 1). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Percentage of successful encounters and percentage of unsuitable specimens. RESULTS: Of 833289 encounters, 829723 were successful. Phlebotomies were unsuccessful because patients were not fasting as directed (32.2%), phlebotomy orders were missing information (22.5%), patients specimens were difficult to draw (13.0%), patients left the collection area before specimens were collected (11.8%), patients were improperly prepared for reasons other than fasting (6.3%), patients presented at the wrong time (3.1%), or for other reasons (11.8%). Only 2153 specimens (0.3%) were unsuitable; these samples were hemolyzed (18.1%), of insufficient quantity (16.0%), clotted (13.4%), lost or not received in the laboratory (11.5%), inadequately labeled (5.8%), at variance with previous or expected results (4.8%), or unacceptable for other reasons (31.1%). Facilities staffed by laboratory-administered phlebotomists reported higher success rates than facilities staffed by nonlaboratory-administered phlebotomists (P =.002). CONCLUSIONS: Most outpatient phlebotomy encounters are successful and result in specimens suitable for laboratory analysis.

Australia↗

PubMed1993

Proposed standards for judging the success of the treatment of obesity.

The purpose of this report is to propose standards for the successful treatment of obesity. This process is somewhat arbitrary because obesity is a multifactorial disease and because standards need revision as diagnostic and treatment techniques improve. Weight loss, the classic standard of success, does not account for individual variability. Reduction in other measures of body size, such as body mass index, percentage of excess weight, and body fat, may be preferable. Improvement in known complications of obesity (diabetes mellitus, hypertension, hyperlipoproteinemia, sleep apnea, and psychosocial problems) are equally valid measures of success. Because obesity is a chronic disease, maintenance of weight loss is included as a standard of success. Response to obesity treatment varies, and thus criteria to define minimal, intermediate, and full success for each variable are necessary.

Adipose Tissue↗

PubMed1993

Gastric intramural pH as a predictor of success or failure in weaning patients from mechanical ventilation.

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether gastric intramural pH (pHi), an indirect measure of gastric mucosal ischemia, can be used to predict the success of weaning from mechanical ventilation. Gastric mucosal ischemia (and, therefore, acidosis) may develop in patients during unsuccessful attempts to wean them from mechanical ventilation because blood flow from nonvital areas (for example, splanchnic bed) is diverted to meet the increased demands of respiratory muscles. DESIGN: Cohort study. SETTING: Intensive care unit. PATIENTS: Twenty-nine patients receiving assisted mechanical ventilation for respiratory failure who were thought by their physicians to be weanable from mechanical ventilation. MEASUREMENTS: Simultaneous samples of arterial blood and gastric juice were obtained from patients during assisted mechanical ventilation, as well as during weaning trials. The predictor variable, pHi, was calculated using the following equation: 6.1 + log HCO3/(gastric PCO2 x 0.0307). The outcome was success or failure of weaning, decided by physicians blinded to the study. RESULTS: Patients who could not be weaned from mechanical ventilation had a substantially reduced gastric pHi (7.36 during mechanical ventilation compared with 7.09 during weaning [difference, 0.27; 95% Cl, 0.12 to 0.42; P < 0.01]). Patients who were successfully weaned from mechanical ventilation showed no change in pHi (7.45 during mechanical ventilation compared with 7.46 during weaning [difference, 0.01; Cl, -0.01 to 0.03; P = 0.29]). The sensitivity and specificity of pHi in predicting weaning success or failure were both 100% (Cl, 81 to 100 and 72 to 100, respectively). CONCLUSION: Gastrointestinal acidosis may be an early sign of weaning failure. Measurement of pHi, which is simple and rapid, may be of practical value in predicting the likelihood of weaning success or failure during weaning trials.

Acidosis↗

PubMed1999

Testicular sperm extraction with intracytoplasmic sperm injection for nonobstructive azoospermia: testicular histology can predict success of sperm retrieval.

PURPOSE: We present treatment results of testicular sperm extraction with intracytoplasmic sperm injection for men with nonobstructive azoospermia and reevaluate the role of testicular histology on open diagnostic testicular biopsy as a predictor of sperm retrieval success. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We evaluated 75 men diagnosed with nonobstructive azoospermia. Cases were categorized into 3 groups of hypospermatogenesis, maturation arrest or Sertoli-cell-only based on the most advanced pattern of spermatogenesis seen on histology. A total of 81 testicular sperm extractions with intracytoplasmic sperm injection were performed for these 75 men. The main outcome measures reviewed included sperm retrieval, fertilization and pregnancy rates with intracytoplasmic sperm injection. Sperm retrieval success rates for men in the 3 histological categories were compared. RESULTS: Spermatozoa were successfully retrieved during 47 of 81 (58%) testicular sperm extraction attempts, with subsequent fertilization of 268 of 439 (61%) injected metaphase II oocytes using intracytoplasmic sperm injection. Clinical pregnancies were obtained in 26 of 47 (55%) cycles when sperm were retrieved, with ongoing pregnancies or live deliveries for 20 of 47 (43%). Of 39 men with hypospermatogenesis on diagnostic biopsy 31 (79%) had successful sperm retrieval, compared to 9 of 19 (47%) with maturation arrest and 5 of 21 (24%) with a pure Sertolicell-only pattern. CONCLUSIONS: Critical examination of the most advanced pattern of spermatogenesis from open diagnostic testis biopsy allows prediction of sperm retrieval success with testicular sperm extraction. In this study population spermatozoa were retrieved in 58% of attempts. When this testicular sperm was used with intracytoplasmic sperm injection, clinical pregnancy rate was 55% for men with nonobstructive azoospermia.

Adult↗

PubMed1999

[Radiofrequency ablation in auricular flutter. Predictive factors of primary success and medium term results].

Ninety-one consecutive patients underwent radiofrequency ablation of chronic or paroxysmal atrial flutter. The average age of the patients was 66. There was a previous history of atrial fibrillation in 38% of cases and of cardiac surgery in 14.3% of cases. The primary success rate was 79% (92% in cases of common flutter). The predictive factors of success were the type of flutter (p < 0.001), left ventricular (p < 0.01) and left atrial dimensions (p < 0.01) at echocardiography. The length of the cavo-tricuspid isthmus measured by echocardiography had no influence on the initial result but, in primary success, did affect the parameters of the procedure (duration and number of applications of radiofrequency energy). After an average of 11 +/- 2 months, sinus rhythm was maintained in 67% of patients. There were recurrences of flutter in 27.5% of cases and of atrial fibrillation in 5.5% of cases: 85% of these episodes occurred during the first six months after ablation. A second procedure was carried out in 12 patients for recurrence of flutter (92% primary success rate). After an average follow-up of 8.4 months, 4 patients had a recurrence and required a third procedure (100% success rate). In cases of failure of ablation, the rhythm was converted by a shock or atrial pacing: 47.3% of these patients remained in sinus rhythm with antiarrhythmic therapy with a 12 month follow-up. Radiofrequency ablation of atrial flutter is, therefore, a safe method, the difficulty of which is mainly related to anatomical factors: the medium-term results are better than those of other therapeutic methods.

Atrial Flutter↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Procedural variables associated with eventual long term angiographic success in patients with recurrent restenosis.

To determine the procedural variables associated with eventual long term angiographic success in patients with recurrent restenosis, we compared two successive PTCAs on the same segment, in the same 16 patients, where the first led to recurrent restenosis but the second to successful long term angiographic result. A long interval since previous PTCA and low inflation pressure are associated with long term success after repeated PTCA; other procedural variables are not linked with long term outcome. This study may help us to predict long term success after a repeated angioplasty procedure.

Aged↗

PubMed2000

Predicting the success of external cephalic version with a scoring system. A prospective, two-phase study.

OBJECTIVE: To develop a noninvasive and quantifiable scoring system based on clinical parameters to predict the success of external cephalic version (ECV) in women with breech presentation at term. STUDY DESIGN: This was a prospective, two-phase, clinical study. Phase 1 was to develop a scoring system from 53 versions with singleton pregnancy in breech presentation at term using a standard protocol with fetal monitoring, ultrasound assessment and tocolysis. Phase 2 was to verify this scoring system by application to 88 versions using the same standard protocol as in phase 1. RESULTS: The success rates for ECV in phases 1 and 2 were 64.2% and 61.4%, respectively, making the overall success rate 62.4%. The results of phase 1 showed that there were significant differences in the following parameters: head palpable, breech unengagement, symphysisfundal height and uterine relaxation. A scoring system based on these four clinical parameters was developed. When applied to 88 versions in the second phase, the likelihood ratio of successful ECV was > 30 if the version score was > or = 3 and < 1.8 if the version score was < or = 2. CONCLUSION: Using our scoring system, prediction of successful ECV was possible without ultrasound scan or vaginal examination, and counseling could be given once breech presentation was diagnosed.

Adult↗

PubMed2000

Comparison of properties of slow pathway potential between successful and unsuccessful radiofrequency applications in patients who underwent catheter ablation for atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia.

Findings concerning selective slow pathway radiofrequency ablation for atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia (AVNRT) using the slow pathway potential (SPP) guided method are reported. The electrogram at the SPP recording site showed double potentials consisting of the atrial potential (A) and SPP. However, SPP is usually recorded widely in the right atrial posteroseptal region. To examine whether there was any characteristic marker in the electrogram at the SPP recording site specific to successful RF application, the properties of SPP and its anatomical locations in both successful (S) (38 sites) and unsuccessful (UN) (28 sites) application sites were analyzed in 38 patients who underwent SPP-guided ablation. The distance between the upper margin of the coronary sinus ostium (UCSO) and the ablation catheter (ABL) (DUCSO-ABL) was shorter in S than in UN (2.3 +/- 6.3 mm vs. 9.0 +/- 5.2 mm below the level of UCSO, p < 0.001). The interval between A and SPP (A-SPP) was longer in S than in UN (44.2 +/- 9.9 msec vs. 24.0 +/- 7.0 msec, p < 0.001). RF applications at the more anterior sites with longer A-SPP were more successful than at other sites. The sensitivity and specificity of A-SPP (more than 40 msec) were superior to those of DUCSO-ABL (within 5 mm) as the marker for the successful application (sensitivity; 73.7% v.s. 68.4%, specificity; 100% v.s. 82.1%, respectively). In conclusion, the sites with longer A-SPP might be specific for successful ablation.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2000

Differential siring success of Pgi genotypes in Clarkia Unguiculata (Onagraceae).

Competition among pollen grains for the fertilization of ovules can play an important role in determining the male and female reproductive success of flowering plants. To examine the influence of pollen-donor genotype on male reproductive success, hand-pollinations were conducted on Clarkia unguiculata and the siring success of pollen-donor plants was compared between donors homozygous for different allelomorphs of the allozyme PGI (phosphoglucoisomerase). Donors homozygous for the B allele sired more seeds than C-allele donors. Single-donor crosses indicated that C-donor-sired seeds are aborted more often than are B-donor-sired seeds, suggesting that the B-allele donor's advantage in mixed pollinations was a result of differential abortion. A negative relationship between pollen load and the siring success of B-allele donors implies that pollen from B-allele donors has reduced performance relative to C-allele donors when pollen loads are high. These data demonstrate consistent differences in siring success between individuals homozygous for different alleles at a single locus and suggest that variation at the Pgi locus may be maintained by a post-pollination trade-off.

Journal Article↗

PubMed1975

Goal-setting as compensation for fear-of-success.

Stories written in response to an academic achievement cue by junior high girls were scored for imagery that reflected fear of success. Fifty-four percent contained fear-of success themes, less than previously reported for college girls. The subjects subsequently worked in a group setting as they identified mistakes in a set of pictures. Each subject kept tally of her own progress as she proceeded with the task. Fifty-eight subjects were encouraged to set goals as they worked through the pictures and found significantly more mistakes from first picture to last than the 37 subjects who received control instructions. Task response was compared to interpretation of the story cue. The subjects who wrote positive stories and received control instructions for the picture mistake task found significantly more mistakes as they progressed through the task than the subjects who wrote fear-of-success stories. No significant difference in mistake indentification was found when goal-setting instructions were given between those who had written positive stories and those who had written fear-of-success stories. Goal-setting instructions appeared to compensate for the effects of fear-of-success that many girls exhibited.

Achievement↗

PubMed2000

Faculty perceptions of characteristics needed for clinical success at military nurse anesthesia programs.

In this exploratory descriptive study, an investigator-developed survey tool was used to describe military clinical faculty's perception of the characteristics that nurse anesthesia students need for success in the clinical portion of graduate education. Study participants consisted of 29 clinical faculty from the Army, Air Force, and Navy (100% response). The survey tool consisted of a quantitative part with 35 characteristics in 4 categories: academic knowledge, nursing knowledge, clinical skills, and personal characteristics. Seven qualitative questions made up the second part of the survey. The faculty rated 28 of the 35 characteristics as essential or important for clinical success. All categories contained characteristics rated important or higher, with personal characteristics and clinical awareness receiving the highest ratings. Qualitative analysis of the 7 additional questions further supported the importance of personal characteristics and clinical awareness. The findings give a description of the successful student as perceived by faculty. If a student successfully completes the didactic portion of the education, personal characteristics and clinical awareness have a large role in success in the clinical portion. Knowing what characteristics are thought important allows the characteristics to be studied further. With the emphasis in this study on personal characteristics, ways to assess the difficult-to-measure personal traits need to be developed.

Data Collection↗

PubMed2000

[Success of direct pulp capping after caries excavations].

Direct pulp capping is not generally accepted as a routine dental procedure. It is claimed to be an unpredictable procedure with a low success rate. However, some clinical studies do show success of direct pulp cappings. The aim of this study was to make an inventory of the success rate of direct pulp cappings performed by dental students, and of the variables which influenced the outcome. The success rate for the first 18 months after treatment was 73.8%. Only the variable 'type of tooth' showed a statistical significant correlation: front teeth showed a higher percentage of success than premolars and molars.

Dental Materials↗

PubMed2001

Influence of stent size on the success of antegrade endopyelotomy for primary ureteropelvic junction obstruction: results of 2 consecutive series.

PURPOSE: We evaluated the influence of stent size in 2 consecutive series of unselected patients in whom primary ureteropelvic junction obstruction was managed by antegrade endopyelotomy and stenting with a 14 or 27Fr stent at the level of the incision. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Antegrade endopyelotomy was performed in 132 patients with primary ureteropelvic junction obstruction. The endopyelotomy was stented for 6 weeks. In 77 patients (group 1) a 14/8.2Fr percutaneous endopyelotomy (Smith) catheter was used. In 55 patients (group 2) a modified 14/8.2Fr Smith catheter was over pulled with a 27Fr wound drain. The wound drain was removed after 2 to 3 weeks and the standard 14/8.2Fr stent remained in place for another 3 to 4 weeks. Success at 6 to 8 weeks, and 6 and 24 months postoperatively was based on clinical evaluation, and excretory urography and/or diuretic renography. Thereafter clinical and ultrasound followup was performed every 2 to 3 years. RESULTS: Preoperatively data on the risk factors of large pyelocaliceal volume and impaired renal function were similar in the 2 groups. The overall success rate was 70% in group 1 at a median followup of 67 months (range 2 to 118) and 94% in group 2 at a median followup of 23 months (range 2 to 52). The early success rate after 6 to 8 weeks in groups 1 and 2 was 83% and 94%, respectively. The long-term success rate after 2 years was 71% and 93%, respectively. Perioperatively and postoperatively the incidence of complications was 16% in group 1 and 24% in group 2. When group 2 complications due to a lack of experience with the new stent were excluded from analysis, the remaining 15% complication rate was comparable to that in group 1. Mean pyelocaliceal volume decreased significantly in each group and remained stable. Split renal function did not change preoperatively to postoperatively with no significant difference in the 2 groups. CONCLUSIONS: Stenting an antegrade endopyelotomy with a modified 27Fr instead of a 14Fr catheter seems to increase the early and, even more impressively, the long-term success rate to a level similar to that of open pyeloplasty.

Adult↗

PubMed2001

[Electrophysiologic parameters determining the success of radiofrequency ablation of atrioventricular reentry tachycardia].

The main objective was to assess electrophysiological parameters which may be important for effective radiofrequency ablation of accessory atrioventricular pathways. In a group of 66 patients a total of 490 applications of radiofrequency current were made, incl. 68 which led to successful severing of the accessory pathways. The ablations were successful in 65 patients (98.5%). The potential of the accessory pathways was present in effective ablations in 19 cases of 68 applications (28%), while in ineffective ablations it was present in 13 cases of 421 applications (3%, p < 0.001). Stability of the electrogram was found in all 68 effective ablations (100%), while in ineffective ablations a stable electrogram was found in 248 cases of 323 applications (77%, p < 0.001). In unstable electrograms the ablation was not effective in any of the patients. The V-delta interval was significantly longer in successful ablations (16 +/- 14.2 ms) than in unsuccessful ones (3 +/- 19.4 ms, p < 0.001). The ventriculoatrial interval was in successful ablations significantly shorter (57.5 +/- 22.5 ms) than in unsuccessful ones (74.5 +/- 20.9 ms, p < 0.001). In 90% applications the ventriculoatrial interval was less than 70 ms. Of 10 evaluated parameters the potential of the accessory pathway, stability of the electrogram, V-delta interval (equal or < or = 0) and short ventriculoatrial intervals (equal to or < or = 70 ms) proved important parameters for successful ablation of accessory pathways.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2001

The process of clinical trials: a model for successful clinical trial participation.

PURPOSE/OBJECTIVES: To present barriers and strategies related to successful clinical trial participation and integrate them into a model for successful trial participation. DATA SOURCES: The proposed model was developed based on a literature review related to clinical trial participation, review of empirical studies related to clinical trials, and experiences with subject participation. DATA SYNTHESIS: Successful clinical trial participation depends on study design, participant factors, issues related to ethnic diversity, the informed consent process, and physician factors. CONCLUSIONS: Clinical trial participation is critical for all disciplines. However, nurses either are researchers or co-investigators with physicians on clinical trials, and it is critical for them to understand specific barriers and success strategies for patient participation. Future studies need to be conducted related to participation in nursing clinical trial research. These study results will facilitate successful nursing clinical trials. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING PRACTICE: This model can be used in implementation of clinical trials across disciplines prior to and during enrollment of patients into studies.

Clinical Trials as Topic↗

PubMed2000

[Factors related to initial success in macular hole surgery].

PURPOSE: To evaluate the factors of initial success in macular hole surgery. METHODS: This study included 526 eyes of 480 patients who underwent idiopathic macular hole surgery by one and the same surgeon. Surgical methods included conventional method (392 eyes), retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) scalping (61 eyes), internal limiting membrane (ILM) removal (62 eyes), and RPE scalping combined with ILM removal (11 eyes). To evaluate the factors of initial success multiple regression was performed using the variables of (gender, age, stage, duration of symptoms, hole size, axial length, and preoperative visual acuity). RESULTS: The rate of initial success was 81.4% in all eyes, 80.9% in the conventional method, 78.7% in RPE scalping, 83.9% in ILM removal, and 100% in RPE scalping combined with ILM removal. Significant factors of initial success were as follows: gender (r = -0.091, p = 0.053), age (r = -0.14, p = 0.0062), duration of symptoms (r = -0.23, p < 0.0001), hole size (r = -0.23, p < 0.0001), and axial length (r = -0.21, p < 0.0001) in the conventional method, hole size (r = -0.56, p = 0.0006) in ILM removal and stage (r = -0.43, p = 0.0011) and preoperative visual acuity (r = 0.30, p = 0.018) in RPE scalping. CONCLUSIONS: Significant factors of initial success were being male being young, shorter duration of symptoms, smaller hole size, and shorter axial length in the conventional method, smaller hole size in ILM removal and stage 4 and better preoperative visual acuity in RPE scalping method.

Adult↗