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At least 811 records · Page 45Linked to original sources
PubMed1998

Accuracy of quantitative digital subtraction radiography for determining changes in calcium mass in mandibular bone: an in vitro study.

The aim of this in vitro study was to determine the accuracy of digital subtraction radiography (DSR) to detect small changes in calcium mass in alveolar bone adjacent to tooth roots. In each of 4 dried porcine mandible segments, one interproximal and one buccal "defect" region was defined adjacent to a premolar root. A series of cortical and cancellous bone slices with a 50 microns--stepwise increasing thickness (0-5000 microns) were attached to the mandible segments covering the respective "defect" region. Standardized radiographs were quantitatively assessed for density changes using DSR. After dissolving each bone slice in hydrochloric acid, its calcium concentration was photometrically determined. For each bone slice, the mean calcium mass covering a single pixel of the subtraction image was calculated. The Wilcoxon signed-rank test and the Mann-Whitney U-test were used for statistical analysis (alpha = 0.05). A strong linear correlation (r2 = 0.86-1.00; p < or = 0.001) was found between the thickness of the bone slices and their calcium mass. Cortical bone showed a 3.5 times higher mean calcium mass/pixel than cancellous bone. Furthermore, a strong linear correlation (r2 = 0.63-1.00; p < or = 0.001) was found between the mean calcium mass per image pixel and the radiographic density changes. Neither the bone type nor the "defect" localization had a significant influence on radiographic density changes caused by changes in calcium mass. A change in mean calcium mass per image pixel of 0.1-0.15 mg was necessary to be detected by DSR. In conclusion, this study revealed a high accuracy of DSR to detect small changes in calcium mass in alveolar cortical and cancellous bone.

Alveolar Bone Loss↗
PubMed1996

Histological suture changes following retraction of the maxillary anterior bone segment after corticotomy.

By cephalometric and dental cast analyses, the effects of corticotomy in combination with 45-50 days retraction of the maxillary anterior segment were evaluated in five female Japanese monkeys (Macaca fuscata). In addition, microscopic changes of the related sutures were examined. According to the analyses of the dental casts, the retraction of the maxillary anterior segment in the experimental group was increased when compared with that of the control group. There was no change in occlusal molar relationship. The cephalometric analysis revealed that the "Point A" and "Metal Implant" on the mid-sagittal site between the upper central incisors in the experimental group showed more pronounced retraction than that in two untreated control animals. These results were histologically evaluated by changes of the suture structure: irregularity of functional arrangement of component cells and fibers, an increase in number of cells, resorption and formation of bone, and an enlargement of the suture width. Resorption of tooth roots and alveolar bone, and irregularity of the periodontal ligament were observed. In general, these histological changes appeared more extensive in the control specimens compared with the experimental specimens. The osseous histological changes were mainly observed in the compact bone area, while in the spongy bone area of both control and experimental specimens only minimal changes occurred. These results demonstrated the efficacy of combining a corticotomy procedure with retraction of the maxillary anterior bone segment by an orthodontic force.

Animals↗
PubMed2003

Immediate replacement of single upper posterior teeth: a report of cases.

BACKGROUND: The immediate replacement of upper molar teeth with implants poses a significant challenge to the clinician because of its sinus involvement. PURPOSE: The purpose of this article is to report a protocol in which single molar teeth are replaced immediately with implants, minimizing the need for other surgical procedures. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This protocol has been employed in eight cases. Briefly, the teeth are extracted atraumatically, the sockets evaluated, an osteotomy performed following the direction of the socket, and a wide diameter implant placed using the socket walls and sinus floor to anchor it. A grafting material is placed when the space between implant and socket wall is considerably large. Three cases are reviewed here, and all eight are summarized. RESULTS: All cases have excellent soft and hard tissue healing after 6 months. Furthermore, the overall time needed to restore the cases has been considerably reduced and the need for sinus management eliminated. CONCLUSION: The cases presented support the use of the described protocol in the placement of implants in maxillary molar areas without any other sinus procedures.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Acanthomatous ameloblastoma of the maxilla of an adult alpaca.

An adult alpaca presented with a large maxillary swelling. Facial trauma or a tooth root abscess was suspected. Radiographically there was a large expansile lesion displacing the right maxillary teeth. An ameloblastoma was diagnosed histologically and palliative radiation therapy was attempted. Because of poor response to therapy and anorexia the animal was euthanized. Necropsy findings confirmed an ameloblastoma of acanthomatous type.

Ameloblastoma↗
PubMed1993

Implant therapy alternatives for geriatric edentulous patients.

The predicament of being both elderly and edentulous undermines life quality for both patient and dentist. The former suffer because of morphological and functional compromises, the latter because of a dearth of safe and predictably successful clinical techniques. The introduction of the osseointegration technique suggested great promise for profoundly changing this predicament, but the specific merits of this approach have been mainly extrapolated ones. The purpose of this study was to examine the clinical success of treatment with osseointegration for patients who were 65 or older at the time of implant insertion. A second group of patients, who became 65 during the course of the study was also studied and the results recorded separately. Data regarding the longevity of implants and prosthodontic restorations and the numbers and types of problems encountered were recorded. The evidence suggests that the biological anchorage of tooth root analogues in elderly jaws is predictably successful and enhances the quality of life for geriatric patients who are edentulous.

Aged↗
PubMed1977

Post core systems in crown and bridgework.

Pulpless teeth require reinforcement if they are to act as supports for crown and bridgework restorations. Post core reinforcements can be accomplished by utilization of post core systems which offer the clinician a broad range of techniques. The mechanical procedures involved should be biologically oriented and related to stress distribution to the tooth root.

Bicuspid↗
PubMed1978

Current concepts in the surgical management of the atrophic mandible.

1. For the severely atrophic mandible surgery cannot be considered as a magical panacea. 2. Retention of teeth or tooth roots is important as we are unable to predict the degree of mandibular bone resorption relating to the innate vascular pattern. 3. More emphasis should be given to mylohyoid reduction as described in this paper. 4. A gain in stability by surgery should not be at the expense of retention. 5. Mucosal grafts are more satisfactory than skin grafts. 6. Bone graft augmentation in the future must be considered with great caution. 7. When removing denture hyperplasia which involves the sulcus, every effort must be made to preserve viable mucosa in order to reconstitute a resilient border seal.

Alveolectomy↗
PubMed1993

Developmental disturbances of permanent teeth following trauma to the primary dentition.

The topographic relationship of the apices of the primary teeth to the permanent tooth germs explains the potential for possible developmental disturbances of the permanent teeth after injuries to their predecessors. The anatomical, histologic and clinical aspects of permanent tooth malformation following trauma to the primary teeth are described. One hundred and fourteen children with originally 255 traumatized primary teeth have been re-examined (with an average period of 5.1 years after the trauma) to assess any developmental disturbances of the corresponding permanent teeth. Twenty-three per cent of partially or completely erupted permanent teeth showed developmental disturbances. The most frequent malformation was enamel hypoplasia including enamel discoloration and/or enamel defects. The highest prevalence of developmental disturbances of permanent teeth was found after intrusive injuries of primary teeth.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

Paediatric dentistry: coronal radiolucency. Case reports.

Cases have been reported in the literature in which a coronal defect has been noted in unerupted permanent teeth. This paper reports on two cases which were treated by professional intervention. Knowledge of the existence of this condition, early recognition of its radiographic characteristics, and appropriate treatment is a major factor in achieving a successful outcome.

Bicuspid↗
PubMed2005

Chronic suppurative osteomyelitis of the mandible: case report.

BACKGROUND: Osteomyelitis of the maxillofacial skeleton is rare in developed countries such as Australia. This case report describes the successful surgical treatment of chronic suppurative osteomyelitis (CSO) of the mandible in a 75 year old man. The precipitant factor was thought to be a retained tooth root in the (right) posterior body of the mandible. METHODS: Treatment included a pre-surgical course of antibiotics (clindamycin 300mg, p.o. q.i.d. for two weeks) followed by removal of the retained root, surgical débridement of the affected bone, the intra-oral draining sinus, and resection of the cutaneous sinus tract. Specimens were taken for bacterial cultures and antibiotic sensitivity testing, and the resected tissue sent for histopathological review. RESULTS: On clinical and radiographic review at three months, the patient was well, completely symptom free and the osteomyelitis had fully resolved. CONCLUSION: This case report demonstrates the typical features of CSO. The combination of antibiotic therapy and surgical débridement was effective in the treatment of chronic suppurative osteomyelitis of the mandible utilizing intravenous sedation, and so averting the need for a general anaesthetic.

Aged↗